scholarly journals Selective antibiofilm properties and biocompatibility of nano-ZnO and nano-ZnO/Ag coated surfaces

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Rosenberg ◽  
M. Visnapuu ◽  
H. Vija ◽  
V. Kisand ◽  
K. Kasemets ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Human Keratinocytes ◽  
Selective Medium ◽  
Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Antibiofilm Activity ◽  
Nano Zno ◽  
Antibiotic Resistant ◽  
Surface Development ◽  
Coated Surfaces ◽  
Selective Enhancement

ABSTRACTSpread of pathogenic microbes and antibiotic-resistant bacteria in health-care settings and public spaces is a serious public health challenge. Materials that prevent solid surface colonization or impede touch-transfer of viable microbes could provide means to decrease pathogen transfer from high-touch surfaces in critical applications. ZnO and Ag nanoparticles have shown great potential in antimicrobial applications. Less is known about nano-enabled surfaces. Here we demonstrate that surfaces coated with nano-ZnO or nano-ZnO/Ag composites are not cytotoxic to human keratinocytes and possess species-selective medium-dependent antibiofilm activity against Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus and Candida albicans. Colonization of nano-ZnO and nano-ZnO/Ag surfaces by E. coli and S. aureus was decreased in static oligotrophic conditions (no planktonic growth). Moderate to no effect was observed for bacterial biofilms in growth medium (supporting exponential growth). Inversely, nano-ZnO surfaces enhanced biofilm formation by C. albicans in oligotrophic conditions. However, enhanced C. albicans biofilm formation on nano-ZnO surfaces was effectively counteracted by the addition of Ag. Possible selective enhancement of biofilm formation by the yeast C. albicans on Zn-enabled surfaces should be taken into account in antimicrobial surface development. Our results also indicated the importance of the use of application-appropriate test conditions and exposure medium in antimicrobial surface testing.

scholarly journals Phytochemical Profiling of Lavandula coronopifolia Poir. Aerial Parts Extract and Its Larvicidal, Antibacterial, and Antibiofilm Activity Against Pseudomonas aeruginosa

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (6) ◽  
pp. 1710
Author(s):  
Mahmoud Emam ◽  
Doaa R. Abdel-Haleem ◽  
Maha M. Salem ◽  
Lina Jamil M. Abdel-Hafez ◽  
Rasha R. Abdel Latif ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Wild Plant ◽  
Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Antibiofilm Activity ◽  
Left Behind ◽  
Aerial Parts ◽  
Socioeconomic Burden ◽  
Cytochrome P 450

Infections associated with the emergence of multidrug resistance and mosquito-borne diseases have resulted in serious crises associated with high mortality and left behind a huge socioeconomic burden. The chemical investigation of Lavandulacoronopifolia aerial parts extract using HPLC–MS/MS led to the tentative identification of 46 compounds belonging to phenolic acids, flavonoids and their glycosides, and biflavonoids. The extract displayed larvicidal activity against Culex pipiens larvae (LC50 = 29.08 µg/mL at 72 h). It significantly inhibited cytochrome P-450 monooxygenase (CYP450), acetylcholinesterase (AChE), and carboxylesterase (CarE) enzymes with the comparable pattern to the control group, which could explain the mode of larvae toxification. The extract also inhibited the biofilm formation of Pseudomonas aeruginosa by 17–38% at different Minimum Inhibitory Concentrations (MICs) (0.5–0.125 mg/mL) while the activity was doubled when combined with ciprofloxacin (ratio = 1:1 v:v). In conclusion, the wild plant, L.coronopifolia, can be considered a promising natural source against resistant bacteria and infectious carriers.

scholarly journals Antimicrobial and Antibiofilm Peptides

Biomolecules ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 652 ◽  
Author(s):  
Angela Di Somma ◽  
Antonio Moretta ◽  
Carolina Canè ◽  
Arianna Cirillo ◽  
Angela Duilio
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Peptides ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Bacterial Resistance ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Antibiofilm Activity ◽  
Chronic Infections ◽  
Planktonic Bacteria ◽  
Hostile Environments

The increasing onset of multidrug-resistant bacteria has propelled microbiology research towards antimicrobial peptides as new possible antibiotics from natural sources. Antimicrobial peptides are short peptides endowed with a broad range of activity against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria and are less prone to trigger resistance. Besides their activity against planktonic bacteria, many antimicrobial peptides also show antibiofilm activity. Biofilms are ubiquitous in nature, having the ability to adhere to virtually any surface, either biotic or abiotic, including medical devices, causing chronic infections that are difficult to eradicate. The biofilm matrix protects bacteria from hostile environments, thus contributing to the bacterial resistance to antimicrobial agents. Biofilms are very difficult to treat, with options restricted to the use of large doses of antibiotics or the removal of the infected device. Antimicrobial peptides could represent good candidates to develop new antibiofilm drugs as they can act at different stages of biofilm formation, on disparate molecular targets and with various mechanisms of action. These include inhibition of biofilm formation and adhesion, downregulation of quorum sensing factors, and disruption of the pre-formed biofilm. This review focuses on the proprieties of antimicrobial and antibiofilm peptides, with a particular emphasis on their mechanism of action, reporting several examples of peptides that over time have been shown to have activity against biofilm.

scholarly journals Sensitivity of antibiotic resistant and antibiotic susceptible Escherichia coli, Enterococcus and Staphylococcus strains against ozone

2015 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 1020-1028 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefanie Heß ◽  
Claudia Gallert
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Resistance Pattern ◽  
Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Antibiotic Resistant ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Enterococcus Casseliflavus ◽  
Subsurface Layers ◽  
Wastewater Samples ◽  
And Staphylococcus Aureus

Tolerance of antibiotic susceptible and antibiotic resistant Escherichia coli, Enterococcus and Staphylococcus strains from clinical and wastewater samples against ozone was tested to investigate if ozone, a strong oxidant applied for advanced wastewater treatment, will affect the release of antibiotic resistant bacteria into the aquatic environment. For this purpose, the resistance pattern against antibiotics of the mentioned isolates and their survival after exposure to 4 mg/L ozone was determined. Antibiotic resistance (AR) of the isolates was not correlating with higher tolerance against ozone. Except for ampicillin resistant E. coli strains, which showed a trend towards increased resistance, E. coli strains that were also resistant against cotrimoxazol, ciprofloxacin or a combination of the three antibiotics were similarly or less resistant against ozone than antibiotic sensitive strains. Pigment-producing Enterococcus casseliflavus and Staphylococcus aureus seemed to be more resistant against ozone than non-pigmented species of these genera. Furthermore, aggregation or biofilm formation apparently protected bacteria in subsurface layers from inactivation by ozone. The relatively large variance of tolerance against ozone may indicate that resistance to ozone inactivation most probably depends on several factors, where AR, if at all, does not play a major role.

Synthesis and antibiofilm activity of 1,2,3-triazole-pyridine hybrids against Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tamer El Malah ◽  
Hanan A. Soliman ◽  
Bahaa A. Hemdan ◽  
Randa E. Abdel Mageid ◽  
Hany Nour
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Human Health ◽  
Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Antibiofilm Activity ◽  
Antibiotic Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Potential Threat ◽  
Antibiotic Resistant ◽  
Dihydropyridine Derivatives

Antibiotic-resistant bacteria are emerging at an alarming rate, posing a potential threat to human health. We synthesised alkyne-functionalised pyridines 3 and 4 via alkylation of substituted 2-oxo-1,2-dihydropyridine derivatives 1 and...

Atuna racemosa Raf. Plants: A Novel Source of Antibacterial and Antibiofilm Agents

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (SPL4) ◽  
pp. 2825-2831
Author(s):  
Salsabilla Hasna Mutiara Rizki ◽  
Andika Dhamarjati ◽  
Aisyah ◽  
Eti Nurwening Sholikhah
Keyword(s):  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Bacterial Resistance ◽  
Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Active Compounds ◽  
Antibiotic Resistant ◽  
Global Issue ◽  
Antibiofilm Agents ◽  
Phytochemical Components

Antibiotic resistance has become a global issue and has had a disastrous impact, increasing patients’ morbidity and mortality. Biofilm formation is one of the factors contributing to bacterial resistance against many antibiotics. As one of the world’s richest sources of plant biodiversity, Indonesia has the potential to develop its natural resources as raw material for medicine. Atuna racemosa Raf. is a native Indonesian plant, that belongs to the Chrysobalanaceae family and grows abundantly in the Maluku Islands. It is widely used in Ambon as cooking spice and massage oil, as well as to treat inflammation including fever, leg inflammation, and diarrhea. Many recent studies have conducted botanical investigations regarding the potential of Atuna racemosa Raf. as a potent antibacterial agent. Many active compounds are found in Atuna racemosa Raf., such as 4'-O-methyl-ent-gallocathechin and (+)-gallocatechin, which are known to be effective against antibiotic-resistant bacteria, namely Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). Atun plants also contain several types of phytochemical components in which additional antibacterial activity was discovered. Accordingly, Atun has the potential to be developed as an alternative antibacterial and antibiofilm source. This narrative review aimed to identify the potential of the Atuna racemosa Raf. Plant as a source of antibacterial and antibiofilm agents, the phytochemical components, and its various extracts, as well as its active compounds. This review is expected to contribute to the discovery of a novel antibacterial and antibiofilm source which is safe and effective, in the context of utilizing Indonesia's biodiversity.

scholarly journals African Plant-Based Natural Products with Antivirulence Activities to the Rescue of Antibiotics

Antibiotics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 830
Author(s):  
Christian Emmanuel Mahavy ◽  
Pierre Duez ◽  
Mondher ElJaziri ◽  
Tsiry Rasamiravaka
Keyword(s):  
Natural Products ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Cell Communication ◽  
Bacterial Virulence ◽  
Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Antibiotic Resistant ◽  
African Plants

The worldwide emergence of antibiotic-resistant bacteria and the thread of widespread superbug infections have led researchers to constantly look for novel effective antimicrobial agents. Within the past two decades, there has been an increase in studies attempting to discover molecules with innovative properties against pathogenic bacteria, notably by disrupting mechanisms of bacterial virulence and/or biofilm formation which are both regulated by the cell-to-cell communication mechanism called ‘quorum sensing’ (QS). Certainly, targeting the virulence of bacteria and their capacity to form biofilms, without affecting their viability, may contribute to reduce their pathogenicity, allowing sufficient time for an immune response to infection and a reduction in the use of antibiotics. African plants, through their huge biodiversity, present a considerable reservoir of secondary metabolites with a very broad spectrum of biological activities, a potential source of natural products targeting such non-microbicidal mechanisms. The present paper aims to provide an overview on two main aspects: (i) succinct presentation of bacterial virulence and biofilm formation as well as their entanglement through QS mechanisms and (ii) detailed reports on African plant extracts and isolated compounds with antivirulence properties against particular pathogenic bacteria.

Antibacterial and Antibiofilm Effects of Synbiotics against Multidrug-Resistant bacteria: Acinetobacter baumannii and Enterococcus faecalis

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Niki Laal-Kargar ◽  
Samaneh Dolatabadi ◽  
Mahnaz Mohtashami
Keyword(s):  
Acinetobacter Baumannii ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Dilution Method ◽  
Antibiofilm Activity ◽  
Drug Resistant ◽  
Study Support ◽  
And Control

Abstract Background: Acinetobacter baumannii and Enterocoocus faecalis increase their resistance against antibiotic by producing biofilm. Antibiotic resistance has become a massive public health threat that require novel effective antibacterial and antibiofilm alternatives. The use of probiotics is interested to prevent and control certain infections. The objective of this study was to investigate the antibacterial and antibiofilm property of probiotics and synbiotics against multidrug-resistant A. baumannii and E. faecalis. Methods: The antimicrobial and the antibiofilm activities of cell- free supernatants of four strains of Lactobacillus against 20 clinical multi-drug resistant (MDR) isolates of Acinetobacter baumannii and Enterocoocus faecalis were determined in the presence of 0.3% of sorbitol, raffinose, citrate, trehalose, inulin, and riboflavin using well diffusion agar and micro-dilution method. Results: The cell- free supernatant of L. rhamnosus with citrate and trehalose showed the best antibacterial activity against MDR A. baumannii (28.8±2.1mm, 1.128 μL/mL), and L. rhamnosus with all of prebiotics against MDR E. faecalis (29.8±0 mm, 1.128 μL/mL) compare to probiotic alone. The prebiotics could improve the inhibitory effect of probiotics against the Gram-negative A. baumannii higher than Gram-positive E. faecalis. Biofilm formation was reduced in both pathogens in presence of synbiotics. L. plantarum with riboflavin and L. rhamnosus with or without inulin potently inhibits E. faecalis (50±0.86%) and A. baumannii (75±6.5%) biofilm formation, respectively. Conclusions: The results of current study support the antibiofilm activity of metabolites produced by synbiotics, and suggest their use as suitable adjuvants as well as biocontrol agents for treatment.

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