scholarly journals High-throughput method to test antimicrobial gels against a multispecies oral biofilm

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kanchana Chathoth ◽  
Bénédicte Martin ◽  
Martine Bonnaure-Mallet ◽  
Christine Baysse
Keyword(s):  
Oral Microbiota ◽  
Periodontal Pathogens ◽  
Simple Method ◽  
Flow Cells ◽  
Topical Gel ◽  
Microtiter Plates ◽  
High Throughput Method ◽  
Oral Biofilms ◽  
Gel Formulations

ABSTRACTPeriodontitis, characterized by the damage of the periodontium can eventually lead to tooth loss. Moreover, severe forms of periodontitis are associated with several systemic disorders. The evolution of the disease is linked to the pathogenic switch of the oral microbiota comprising of commensal colonizers and anaerobic pathogens. Treatment with antimicrobial gels has the potential to help eradicate periodontal pathogens. Testing antibacterial gels against in vitro biofilm models is complicated. Recovery of detached and sessile bacteria from in vitro biofilms treated with gel formulations using conventional methods (microtiter plates, μ-slides, flow cells etc.,) may prove arduous. To overcome this challenge, we optimised a simple method using the principle of the Calgary Biofilm Device (CBD) for testing antimicrobial gels against multispecies oral biofilms. First, we established three-species oral biofilms consisting of two periodontal pathogens (Porphyromonas gingivalis, Treponema denticola) and a primary colonizer of the dental plaque (Streptococcus gordonii) on the surface of pegs. Next, a protocol to test gels against oral biofilms was implemented using commercially available gels with different active products. This method enables the analysis of the composition of biofilm and detached/planktonic cells to measure the effect of topical gel formulations/antibacterial gels for the treatment of periodontitis. However, the method is not restricted to oral biofilms and can be adapted for other biofilm-related studies.

scholarly journals In Vitro Multi-Species Oral Biofilms Grown in Presence of H2O2 Production-Affecting Substrates Show Health-Associated Alterations in Composition, Metabolism and Virulence.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tim Verspecht ◽  
Dorien Vermeulen ◽  
Wannes Van Holm ◽  
Naiera Zayed ◽  
Kristel Bernaerts ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Therapeutic Strategy ◽  
Virulence Genes ◽  
H2o2 Production ◽  
Oral Microbiota ◽  
Periodontal Pathogens ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Commensal Species ◽  
Oral Biofilms ◽  
Selection Of

Abstract Modulation of the commensal oral microbiota is a promising preventive or therapeutic strategy for oral health and can for instance be achieved by increasing the abundance and/or activity of certain species. This study evaluated whether 10 selected substrates could modulate in vitro multi-species oral biofilms towards a more health-associated state. These substrates were chosen based on the possibility that they could stimulate H2O2 production by certain commensal species and/or increase their abundance, as previously reported or as hypothesized based on known bacterial H2O2 pathways. Biofilms grown in presence of the substrates at a clinically relevant concentration of 1%(w/v) often showed increased abundances of commensal species and decreased abundances of periodontal pathogens. Furthermore, most biofilms also showed an altered metabolic profile. Effects on the expression of a selection of virulence genes were substrate-dependent, but often a decreased expression of certain genes could be observed. In conclusion, this study found that a selection of substrates chosen for their hypothesized beneficial effects on the commensal oral microbiota were able to modulate in vitro multi-species oral biofilms towards a more health-associated state. These modulatory effects were found to be substrate-dependent.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Skin Permeation and Analgesic Activity Effects of Carbopol Lornoxicam Topical Gels Containing Penetration Enhancer

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saleh A. Al-Suwayeh ◽  
Ehab I. Taha ◽  
Fahad M. Al-Qahtani ◽  
Mahrous O. Ahmed ◽  
Mohamed M. Badran
Keyword(s):  
Analgesic Activity ◽  
Skin Permeation ◽  
Tween 80 ◽  
Skin Penetration ◽  
Penetration Enhancers ◽  
Topical Gel ◽  
Carbopol Gel ◽  
Franz Diffusion Cells ◽  
Gel Formulations

The current study was designed to develop a topical gel formulation for improved skin penetration of lornoxicam (LOR) for enhancement of its analgesic activity. Moreover, the effect of different penetration enhancers on LOR was studied. The LOR gel formulations were prepared by using hydroxylpropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) and carbopol. The carbopol gels in presence of propylene glycol (PG) and ethanol were developed. The formulated gels were characterized for pH, viscosity, and LOR release using Franz diffusion cells. Also,in vitroskin permeation of LOR was conducted. The effect of hydroxypropylβ-cyclodextrin (HPβ-CD), beta-cyclodextrin (β-CD), Tween 80, and oleic acid on LOR permeation was evaluated. The optimized LOR gel formulation (LORF8) showed the highest flux (14.31 μg/cm2/h) with ER of 18.34 when compared to LORF3. Incorporation of PG and HPβ-CD in gel formulation (LORF8) enhanced the permeation of LOR significantly. It was observed that LORF3 and LORF8 show similar analgesic activity compared to marketed LOR injection (Xefo). This work shows that LOR can be formulated into carbopol gel in presence of PG and HPβ-CD and may be promising in enhancing permeation.

scholarly journals Entrapment of N-Hydroxyphthalimide Carbon Dots in Different Topical Gel Formulations: New Composites with Anticancer Activity

Pharmaceutics ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 303 ◽  
Author(s):  
Corina-Lenuta Savin ◽  
Crina Tiron ◽  
Eugen Carasevici ◽  
Corneliu S. Stan ◽  
Sorin Alexandru Ibanescu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Lines ◽  
Cancer Cell ◽  
Anticancer Agents ◽  
Carbon Dots ◽  
Cultured Cells ◽  
Breast Cancer Cell Lines ◽  
Mitochondrial Activity ◽  
Topical Gel ◽  
Gel Formulations

In the present study, the antitumoral potential of three gel formulations loaded with carbon dots prepared from N-hydroxyphthalimide (CD-NHF) was examined and the influence of the gels on two types of skin melanoma cell lines and two types of breast cancer cell lines in 2D (cultured cells in normal plastic plates) and 3D (Matrigel) models was investigated. Antitumoral gels based on sodium alginate (AS), carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC), and the carbomer Ultrez 10 (CARB) loaded with CD-NHF were developed according to an adapted method reported by Hellerbach. Viscoelastic properties of CD-NHF-loaded gels were analyzed by rheological analysis. Also, for both CD-NHF and CD-NHF-loaded gels, the fluorescence properties were analyzed. Cell proliferation, apoptosis, and mitochondrial activity were analyzed according to basic methods used to evaluate modulatory activities of putative anticancer agents, which include reference cancer cell line culture assays in both classic 2D and 3D cultures. Using the rheological measurements, the mechanical properties of gel formulations were analyzed; all samples presented gel-like rheological characteristics. The presence of CD-NHF within the gels induces a slight decrease of the dynamic moduli, indicating a flexible gel structure. The fluorescence investigations showed that for the gel-loaded CD-NHF, the most intense emission peak was located at 370 nm (upon excitation at 330 nm). 3D cell cultures displayed visibly larger structure of tumor cells with less active phenotype appearance. The in vitro results for tested CD-NHF-loaded gel formulations revealed that the new composites are able to affect the number, size, and cellular organization of spheroids and impact individual tumor cell ability to proliferate and aggregate in spheroids.

In-vitro release and in-vivo performance of tolmetin from different topical gel formulations

2015 ◽  
Vol 45 (3) ◽  
pp. 311-317 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sayed Hassan Auda ◽  
Saleh Abd El-Rasoul ◽  
Mahmoud Mohamed Ahmed ◽  
Shaaban Khalaf Osman ◽  
Mahmoud El-Badry
Keyword(s):  
In Vitro Release ◽  
Topical Gel ◽  
Gel Formulations ◽  
Vitro Release

scholarly journals Enhanced Percutaneous Permeability of Acyclovir by DMSO from Topical Gel Formulation

2009 ◽  
Vol 1 (01) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sanjay Dey ◽  
Bhaskar Mazumder ◽  
J. R. Patel
Keyword(s):  
Ph Value ◽  
Skin Permeability ◽  
Porcine Skin ◽  
Drug Permeation ◽  
Topical Gel ◽  
Histopathological Studies ◽  
Drug Polymer Interaction ◽  
Gel Formulations ◽  
Carbopol 934P

The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of DMSO on the permeation of acyclovir in the form of topical gel formulations. Different formulations were prepared containing carbopol 934P, acyclovir (1 % w/w) and selected concentration of DMSO (0 to 10% w/w) to evaluate drug content, spreadibility, pH, viscosity, and in-vitro permeation through mouse epidermis and porcine skin. FTIR spectrometry was used to investigate physical state of drug in the gel formulations. The mechanisms of drug permeation were evaluated by FTIR spectrophotometer and histopathological studies. The carbopol 934P gel was found to contain 95.62 to 98.89 % of acyclovir and spreadibility was found in the range of 10.75 to 11.75 g.cm/sec. The pH of all formulations was found near to the skin pH value. The viscosity of the formulations was found inversely proportional with drug permeation. A maximum permeation flux of acyclovir (463.42±36.41μg/cm2.h) through porcine skin was observed with an enhancement ratio of 1.55, when DMSO was incorporated at a concentration of 10%w/w in gel system. The FTIR spectra revealed the absence of drug-polymer interaction. From FTIR spectroscopy and histopathological studies it was evident that the permeation of acyclovir, across mouse and porcine skin, were increased in presence of DMSO which can be attributed to the partial extraction of lipids in the stratum corneum. The results suggest that DMSO may be useful for enhancing the skin permeability of acyclovir from transdermal therapeutic system containing carbopol 934P gel as reservoir

HPTLC method for estimation of tazarotene in topical gel formulations and in vitro study

2010 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 275 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mrunali R. Patel ◽  
Rashmin B. Patel ◽  
Jolly R. Parikh ◽  
Bharat G. Patel
Keyword(s):  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Vitro Study ◽  
Topical Gel ◽  
Gel Formulations ◽  
Hptlc Method

scholarly journals FORMULATION AND EVALUATION OF CEFIXIME TRIHYDRATE TOPICAL GEL FOR WOUND INFECTIONS

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 369
Author(s):  
Uma Shankar Marakanam Srinivasan ◽  
Vishnu Vishnu ◽  
Sharmila Sharmila ◽  
Amod Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Drug Release ◽  
Hydroxypropyl Methylcellulose ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Topical Administration ◽  
Generation Cephalosporin ◽  
Wound Infections ◽  
Topical Gel ◽  
Carbopol 940 ◽  
Gel Formulations

Objective: The objective of this research work was to formulate and evaluate topical gel loaded with cefixime trihydrate, a third-generation cephalosporin antibiotic for the treatment of bacterial wound infections.Methods: The cefixime trihydrate gel was formulated using polymers such as Carbopol 940 and hydroxypropyl methylcellulose E4M in varying concentrations. Three different formulations were prepared and characterized physically for color, syneresis, spreadability, pH, drug content, and rheological properties. In vitro drug release in phosphate buffer pH 7.4 and antibacterial study were performed for the gel formulation to evaluate its therapeutic effect on wound infections.Results: The study demonstrated that the gel formulations showed promising results on their physical evaluation tests. The rheology behavior of the gel was shear-thinning flow type which indicated easy spreading of the gel. The drug release of the gel formulation F2 was selected as the best due to its highest drug release rate of 32.2% in comparison with the other two formulations after 2 h of the study. F2 formulation possessed the highest antibacterial activity as compared to other two formulations.Conclusion: A pioneering work was done on formulating cefixime trihydrate as a gel for topical administration. The antibacterial effect of the drug as gel formulation showed promising effect. We conclude that the cefixime trihydrate could be successively loaded into a gel formulation and can be used for effectively for wound infections like diabetic foot wounds.

Improved Solubility of Itraconazole Binary Dispersions using Neem Gum: Development and Characterization of Topical Gel

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 399-407 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manju Nagpal ◽  
Nisha Raj ◽  
Gurjeet Singh Thakur ◽  
Geeta Aggarwal
Keyword(s):  
Antifungal Activity ◽  
Drug Release ◽  
Solid Dispersion ◽  
Equilibrium Solubility ◽  
Topical Gel ◽  
Solubility Studies ◽  
Pure Drug ◽  
Gel Formulations

Background: Itraconazole is a triazole derivative and possesses structural similarities to the azole group (imidazoles and triazoles). It is a broad spectrum fungistatic. It belongs to BCS class II category i.e. it has poor solubility and high permeability. Objective: Dissolution enhancement of poorly soluble itraconazole using purified neem gum as a natural carrier via binary dispersions and other methods was studied. Topical gel formulations of binary dispersions were developed and evaluated for in vitro and in vivo antifungal activity. Methods: Five batches of solid dispersions (SD1-SD5) in various ratios of drug: neem gum were prepared by the solvent evaporation technique. Other mixtures were also prepared by kneading, cogrinding, physical mixing methods and evaluated further. Topical gel formulations were further developed and evaluated for antifungal activity (both in vitro and in vivo). Results: Equilibrium solubility studies of various mixtures indicated SD3 (1:3) as the optimum batch out of all solid dispersion batches. Equilibrium solubility studies of mixtures (KM, CGM, PM, SM) indicated significant solubility enhancement of kneading mixture in comparison to other mixtures. FTIR studies indicated no interaction of the drug to the polymer. DSC, SEM and XRD studies indicated a transition from crystalline to the amorphous state of the drug. SD3 batch showed remarkably improved dissolution characteristics (100% drug release in 1.5 h) in comparison to the pure drug (38% in 2h). Further, the topical gel of SD3 was evaluated for in vitro diffusion, in vitro and in vivo antifungal activity. Sustained drug release (53% in 24 h) was observed in SD3 based gel formulation which is significantly higher than that in comparison to pure drug based gel (30% in 24 h). The increased area of zone of inhibition of SD3 based gel indicated better antifungal activity of the SD3 gel formulation. Further histopathology examination of skin specimens indicated enhanced efficacy of SD3 based gel in comparison to pure drug based gel. Conclusion: Solid dispersion based topical gel formulation exhibits better antifungal activity in comparison to pure drug based gel.

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