scholarly journals Effects of a 50-Hz electric field on sleep quality and life span mediated by ultraviolet (UV)-A/blue light photoreceptor CRYPTOCHROME in Drosophila melanogaster

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haruhisa Kawasaki ◽  
Hideyuki Okano ◽  
Takaki Nedachi ◽  
Yuzo Nakagawa-Yagi ◽  
Akikuni Hara ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drosophila Melanogaster ◽  
Electric Field ◽  
Sleep Quality ◽  
Blue Light ◽  
Electric Fields ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Constant Electric Field ◽  
Metabolome Analysis ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Blue Light Photoreceptor

AbstractAlthough electric fields (EF) exert beneficial effects on animal wound healing and differentiation, the molecular mechanisms of these effects have remained unclear for years. Therefore, we aimed to elucidate the molecular mechanisms underlying these effects in Drosophila melanogaster as a genetic animal model. The sleep quality of wild-type (WT) flies was improved by exposure to a 50-Hz (35 kv/m) constant electric field during the daytime, but not during the night. This effect was undetectable in Cryptochrome mutant (Cryb) flies. Exposure to a 50-Hz electric field under low nutrient conditions elongated the lifespan of male and female WT flies by ~18%, but not of three diferrent Cry mutants and Cry RNAi strains. Metabolome analysis indicated that the adenosine triphosphate (ATP) content was 5-fold higher in intact WT than Cry gene mutant strains exposed to an electric field.A putative magnetoreceptor protein and UV-A/blue light photoreceptor, CRYPTOCHROME (CRY) is involved in electric field receptors in animals. The present findings constitute hitherto unknown genetic evidence of a CRY-based system that is electric-field sensitive in animals.

Electronic structure of POPC phospholipids under constant electric field

2017 ◽  
Vol 31 (22) ◽  
pp. 1750157
Author(s):  
Jaciéli Evangelho de Figueiredo ◽  
Leandro Barros da Silva
Keyword(s):  
Electronic Structure ◽  
Dipole Moment ◽  
External Field ◽  
Electric Field ◽  
Electric Fields ◽  
Electric Dipole Moment ◽  
Electric Dipole ◽  
Constant Electric Field ◽  
Ab Initio Study ◽  
Electronic And Structural Properties

We report in the present paper an ab initio study on the electronic and structural properties of phospholipidic membranes under the influence of electric fields. We show that the external field alters the charge distribution of the molecule leading to a modification in the electric dipole moment. The torque on the phospholipid may then cause a transmembranar stress, which by its turn, weakens the membrane allowing to the formation of a pore.

scholarly journals ELECTROPHORESIS IN THE TOTAL (CONSTANT AND ALTERNATING) ELECTRIC FIELD. II. PECULIARITIES OF THE COMBINED IMPACT OF ALTERNATING AND CONSTANT ELECTRIC FIELDS

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 46-51
Author(s):  
B. P. Sharfarets ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Electric Field ◽  
Electric Fields ◽  
Constant Electric Field ◽  
Electrokinetic Phenomena ◽  
Alternating Electric Fields ◽  
Alternating Electric Field ◽  
Electroacoustic Transducer ◽  
Dispersed Medium ◽  
Hydrodynamic Field ◽  
Combined Impact

The hydrodynamics of electrophoresis under the simultaneous impact of constant and alternating electric fields is considered. It has been shown that when the constant and alternating external fields are combined, the energy of the constant electric field is transferred into the alternating hydrodynamic field. An example is given of a dispersed medium in which a giant dispersion of the dielectric constant can arise, which in turn can contribute to an increase in the total electrophoresis rate. Analogies of the behavior of the considered dispersed medium with the action of an electroacoustic transducer based on the use of electrokinetic phenomena are given.

scholarly journals Effect of combining sleep-promoting food intake and electric field application on sleep in healthy participants: A pilot study

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 659
Author(s):  
Takaki Nedachi ◽  
Kaoru Haketa ◽  
Shinji Harakawa ◽  
Naoki Miura ◽  
Koji Wakame
Keyword(s):  
Food Intake ◽  
Electric Field ◽  
Sleep Quality ◽  
Electric Fields ◽  
Functional Foods ◽  
Field Application ◽  
Stress Effect ◽  
Gamma Aminobutyric Acid ◽  
Healthy Participants ◽  
Food Mixture

Background: Functional foods and electric fields (EFs) have been previously reported as interventions for insomnia other than medications. As for functional foods, gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) and lafma have been reported to be related to sleep. EFs have also been reported to have a sleep-related, anti-stress effect in mouse model experiments. However, the effects of combining these two methods on the human body remain poorly studied. Objective: Thus, this study aimed to investigate the cointervention effect of sleep-promoting functional food intake and EF application on sleep quality in healthy participants. Methods: Fifteen healthy participants were divided into three groups. The Food and Placebo groups were given active tablets containing food mixture of GABA and lafma, and placebo tablets, respectively, for 4 weeks. Meanwhile, the Food plus EF group used an EF therapy device during sleep in addition to the active food tablets. Sleep quality was evaluated using electroencephalography and sleep questionnaires.Results: Sleep efficiency (SE) was significantly higher in the Food group and the Food plus EF group than the Placebo group at 4 weeks. The Food plus EF group also had a significantly higher SE involving sleep latency. Conclusions: Food mixture containing known sleep-promoting ingredients such as GABA and lafma can improve sleep quality, and the improvement effect can be enhanced when administered in combination with an EF.Keywords: electric field therapy, Kumasasa (Sasa senanensis), electric fields, sleep quality, electroencephalographyClinical trial registration: Approval No.: R1812; Approval date: 21 Feb. 2019

scholarly journals Multiphoton intersubband transitions in an armchair graphene nanoribbon

2021 ◽  
Vol 2103 (1) ◽  
pp. 012130
Author(s):  
B S Monozon ◽  
T A Fedorova ◽  
P Schmelcher
Keyword(s):  
Electric Field ◽  
Electric Fields ◽  
Constant Electric Field ◽  
Graphene Nanoribbon ◽  
Laser Technique ◽  
Strong Light ◽  
Vacuum Decay ◽  
Experimental Values ◽  
Armchair Graphene Nanoribbon ◽  
Armchair Graphene

Abstract We present an analytical approach to the problem of the interband transitions in an armchair graphene nanoribbon (AGNR), exposed to the time-periodic electric field of strong light wave, polarized parallel to the ribbon axis. The two-dimensional Dirac equation for the massless electron subject to the ribbon confinement is employed. In the resonant approximation the probability of the transitions between the valence and conduction size-quantized subbands are calculated in an explicit form. We trace the dependencies of the Rabi frequency for these transitions on the ribbon width and electric field strength for both the multiphoton-assisted and tunneling regimes relevant to the fast oscillating and practically constant electric field, respectively. Estimates of the expected experimental values for the typically employed AGNR and laser technique facilities show that the Rabi oscillations can be observed under laboratory conditions. The data, corresponding to the intersubband tunneling, makes the AGNR a 1D condensed matter analog, in which the quantum electrodynamic vacuum decay can be detected by the employment of the attainable electric fields.

Numerical simulation of the leaky dielectric microdroplet generation in electric fields

2016 ◽  
Vol 27 (01) ◽  
pp. 1650012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Reza Kamali ◽  
Mohammad Karim Dehghan Manshadi
Keyword(s):  
Biological Sciences ◽  
Field Strength ◽  
Electric Field ◽  
Electric Field Strength ◽  
Electric Fields ◽  
Constant Electric Field ◽  
Fluid Volume ◽  
Dielectric Fluids ◽  
Leaky Dielectric ◽  
Vast Range

Microdroplet generation has a vast range of applications in the chemical, biomedical, and biological sciences. Several devices are applied to produce microdroplets, such as Co-flow, T-junction and Flow-focusing. The important point in the producing process is controlling the separated fluid volume in these devices. On the other hand, a large number of liquids, especially aqueous one, are influenced by electric or magnetic fields. As a consequence, an electric field could be used in order to affect the separated fluid volume. In this study, effects of an electric field on the microdroplet generation in a Co-flow device are investigated numerically. Furthermore, effects of some electrical properties such as permittivity on the separating process of microdroplets are studied. Leaky dielectric and perfect dielectric models are used in this investigation. According to the results, in the microdroplet generating process, leaky dielectric fluids show different behaviors, when an electric field is applied to the device. In other words, in a constant electric field strength, the volume of generated microdroplets can increase or decrease, in comparison with the condition without the electric field. However, for perfect dielectric fluids, droplet volume always decreases with increasing the electric field strength. In order to validate the numerical method of this study, deformation of a leaky dielectric droplet in an electric field is investigated. Results are compared with Taylor theoretical model.

Research Progress on the Electric Coagulation of Fine Dust

2014 ◽  
Vol 955-959 ◽  
pp. 2594-2599
Author(s):  
Ruo Bai Ma ◽  
Kai Quan Wang ◽  
Hai Pu Bi
Keyword(s):  
Electric Field ◽  
Electric Fields ◽  
Collection Efficiency ◽  
Constant Electric Field ◽  
Research Progress ◽  
Charged Dust ◽  
Fine Dust ◽  
Dust Collection ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Dust Collection Efficiency

Fine dust in the atmosphere is one of the key factors causing air pollution as well as fog and haze. Due to the limited efficiency of fine dust collection in conventional dust removal technology, pre-charged dust coagulation between particles to increase the effective collecting diameter, is an effective way to improve the dust collection efficiency. Currently, coagulation technology research falls into three mainly aspects: electric coagulation technology in constant electric field, alternating electric field and pulsed electric fields. The advantages and disadvantages as well as the research status and trends are fully analyzed in this paper, of which the technology that uses alternating or pulsed power supply for pre-charge device has more advantages and efficiency in coagulation. They will improve the efficiency of electric coagulation in further on the improved airflow pole with form and structure and the technical development of alternating or pulsed powers, which will make the coagulation and filtration technologies and new composite technology an important development direction of fine dust governance.

scholarly journals Exactly solvable cases in QED with t-electric potential steps

2017 ◽  
Vol 32 (18) ◽  
pp. 1750105 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. C. Adorno ◽  
S. P. Gavrilov ◽  
D. M. Gitman
Keyword(s):  
Electric Field ◽  
Electric Fields ◽  
Electric Potential ◽  
Constant Electric Field ◽  
Particle Creation ◽  
External Electromagnetic Field ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Closed Form Solutions ◽  
Exactly Solvable ◽  
Klein Gordon

In this paper, we present in detail consistent QED (and scalar QED) calculations of particle creation effects in external electromagnetic field that correspond to three most important exactly solvable cases of t-electric potential steps: Sauter-like electric field, T-constant electric field, and exponentially growing and decaying electric fields. In all these cases, we succeeded to obtain new results, such as calculations in the modified configurations of the above-mentioned steps and detailed considerations of new limiting cases in already studied steps. As was recently discovered by us, the information derived from considerations of exactly solvable cases allows one to make some general conclusions about quantum effects in fields for which no closed form solutions of the Dirac (or Klein–Gordon) equation are known. In the present paper, we briefly represent such conclusions about universal behavior of vacuum mean values in slowly varying strong electric fields.

DIFFERENTIAL RESISTANCE OF TWO DIMENSIONAL ELECTRON SYSTEMS SUBJECT TO MICROWAVE RADIATION

2009 ◽  
Vol 23 (12n13) ◽  
pp. 2693-2697 ◽  
Author(s):  
MAXIM KHODAS ◽  
MAXIM G. VAVILOV
Keyword(s):  
Electric Field ◽  
Microwave Radiation ◽  
Electric Fields ◽  
Constant Electric Field ◽  
Electron Distribution Function ◽  
Differential Resistance ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Dimensional Electron ◽  
Scattering Rate ◽  
Strong Electric Fields

We present the expression for differential resistance of a disordered two-dimensional electron gas placed in a perpendicular magnetic field and subject to microwave irradiation. We demonstrate that in strong dc electric fields the current oscillates as a function of the strength of the applied constant electric field. We demonstrate that the amplitude of oscillations of the differential resistivity is characterized by the back-scattering rate off disorder. We argue that the dominant contribution to the non-linearity in strong electric fields originates from the modification of electron scattering off disorder by electric fields, or so-called "displacement" mechanism. The non-equilibrium mechanism, which is related to modification of electron distribution function by electric fields turns out to be inefficient in strong electric fields, although it describes current in weak electric fields. We further analyze the positions of maxima and minima of the differential resistance as a function of the applied electric field and frequency of microwave radiation.

scholarly journals Asymptotic expansion of pair production probability in a time-dependent electric field

2015 ◽  
Vol 30 (35) ◽  
pp. 1550210
Author(s):  
Takashi Arai
Keyword(s):  
Asymptotic Expansion ◽  
Electric Field ◽  
Electric Fields ◽  
Quantum Electrodynamics ◽  
Strong Field ◽  
Order Term ◽  
Constant Electric Field ◽  
Particle Creation ◽  
Single Pulse ◽  
Time Interval

We study particle creation in a single pulse of an electric field in scalar quantum electrodynamics. We investigate the parameter condition for the case where the dynamical pair creation and Schwinger mechanism respectively dominate. Then, an asymptotic expansion for the particle distribution in terms of the time interval of the applied electric field is derived. We compare our result with particle creation in a constant electric field with a finite-time interval. These results coincide in an extremely strong field, however they differ in general field strength. We interpret the reason of this difference as a nonperturbative effect of high-frequency photons in external electric fields. Moreover, we find that the next-to-leading-order term in our asymptotic expansion coincides with the derivative expansion of the effective action.

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