scholarly journals Small-RNA sequencing reveals altered skeletal muscle microRNAs and snoRNAs signatures in weanling male offspring from mouse dams fed a low protein diet during lactation

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ioannis Kanakis ◽  
Moussira Alameddine ◽  
Leighton Folkes ◽  
Simon Moxon ◽  
Ioanna Myrtziou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Small Rna ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Male Offspring ◽  
Protein Diet ◽  
Low Protein Diet ◽  
Histological Evaluation ◽  
Small Rna Sequencing ◽  
Low Protein ◽  
The Impact

ABSTRACTNutrition plays a key role in pre- and postnatal growth of the musculoskeletal system. Maternal diet during gestation and lactation affects the development of skeletal muscles in the offspring and determines muscle health in later life, however, the molecular mechanisms that govern these effects are largely unknown. In this study, we aim to describe the association between maternal low protein diet-induced changes in offspring skeletal muscle and the differential expression (DE) of small non-coding RNAs (sncRNAs). We used a mouse model of maternal protein restriction to characterise the impact of early-life undernutrition on skeletal muscle morphology in male offspring at weaning. Mouse dams were fed either a normal (N, 20%) or a low protein (L, 8%) diet during gestation and newborn pups were cross-fostered to N or L lactating dams, resulting in the generation of NN, NL and LN offspring groups. Total body and tibialis anterior (TA) weights were decreased in NL males but not different in the LN group, as compared to NN, although neonates from low protein fed dams were smaller at birth than those born to dams fed a normal protein. However, histological evaluation of TA muscle revealed reduced muscle fibre size in both groups at the end of lactation. Small RNA-seq analysis demonstrated DE of multiple classes of sncRNAs, including miRs, snoRNAs and snRNAs. Bioinformatic analyses of miRs-15a, −34a, −122 and −199a, in combination with known myomiRs, confirmed their implication in key muscle-specific biological processes and cellular functions and suggest a promising set of miRs in muscle physiology studies. To our knowledge, this is the first comprehensive report for the DE of sncRNAs in nutrition-associated programming of skeletal muscle development, highlighting the need for further research.

scholarly journals Small-RNA Sequencing Reveals Altered Skeletal Muscle microRNAs and snoRNAs Signatures in Weanling Male Offspring from Mouse Dams Fed a Low Protein Diet during Lactation

Cells ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 1166
Author(s):  
Ioannis Kanakis ◽  
Moussira Alameddine ◽  
Leighton Folkes ◽  
Simon Moxon ◽  
Ioanna Myrtziou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Rna Sequencing ◽  
Small Rna ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Male Offspring ◽  
Protein Diet ◽  
Low Protein Diet ◽  
Histological Evaluation ◽  
Small Rna Sequencing ◽  
Low Protein

Maternal diet during gestation and lactation affects the development of skeletal muscles in offspring and determines muscle health in later life. In this paper, we describe the association between maternal low protein diet-induced changes in offspring skeletal muscle and the differential expression (DE) of small non-coding RNAs (sncRNAs). We used a mouse model of maternal protein restriction, where dams were fed either a normal (N, 20%) or a low protein (L, 8%) diet during gestation and newborns were cross-fostered to N or L lactating dams, resulting in the generation of NN, NL and LN offspring groups. Total body and tibialis anterior (TA) weights were decreased in weanling NL male offspring but were not different in the LN group, as compared to NN. However, histological evaluation of TA muscle revealed reduced muscle fibre size in both groups at weaning. Small RNA-sequencing demonstrated DE of multiple miRs, snoRNAs and snRNAs. Bioinformatic analyses of miRs-15a, -34a, -122 and -199a, in combination with known myomiRs, confirmed their implication in key muscle-specific biological processes. This is the first comprehensive report for the DE of sncRNAs in nutrition-associated programming of skeletal muscle development, highlighting the need for further research to unravel the detailed molecular mechanisms.

scholarly journals Paternal low protein diet affects adult offspring cardiovascular and metabolic function in mice

2014 ◽  
Vol 306 (10) ◽  
pp. H1444-H1452 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adam J. Watkins ◽  
Kevin D. Sinclair
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Vascular Dysfunction ◽  
Weight Ratio ◽  
Male Offspring ◽  
Protein Diet ◽  
Low Protein Diet ◽  
Adult Offspring ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Low Protein ◽  
The Impact

Although the association between maternal periconceptional diet and adult offspring health is well characterised, our understanding of the impact of paternal nutrition at the time of conception on offspring phenotype remains poorly defined. Therefore, we determined the effect of a paternal preconception low protein diet (LPD) on adult offspring cardiovascular and metabolic health in mice. Male C57BL/6 mice were fed either normal protein diet (NPD; 18% casein) or LPD (9% casein) for 7 wk before mating. At birth, a reduced male-to-female ratio ( P = 0.03) and increased male offspring weight ( P = 0.009) were observed in litters from LPD compared with NPD stud males with no differences in mean litter size. LPD offspring were heavier than NPD offspring at 2 and 3 wk of age ( P < 0.02). However, no subsequent differences in body weight were observed. Adult male offspring derived from LPD studs developed relative hypotension (decreased by 9.2 mmHg) and elevated heart rate ( P < 0.05), whereas both male and female offspring displayed vascular dysfunction and impaired glucose tolerance relative to NPD offspring. At cull (24 wk), LPD males had elevated adiposity ( P = 0.04), reduced heart-to-body weight ratio ( P = 0.04), and elevated circulating TNF-α levels ( P = 0.015) compared with NPD males. Transcript expression in offspring heart and liver tissue was reduced for genes involved in calcium signaling ( Adcy, Plcb, Prkcb) and metabolism ( Fto) in LPD offspring ( P < 0.03). These novel data reveal the impact of suboptimal paternal nutrition on adult offspring cardiovascular and metabolic homeostasis, and provide some insight into the underlying regulatory mechanisms.

scholarly journals Impact of Low Protein and Lysine-deficient Diets on Bone Metabolism (P08-072-19)

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Tomé ◽  
Joanna Moro ◽  
Anne Blais ◽  
Catherine Chaumontet ◽  
Patrick Even ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Bone Metabolism ◽  
Collagen Synthesis ◽  
Milk Protein ◽  
Protein Diet ◽  
Low Protein Diet ◽  
Deficient Diet ◽  
Growing Rats ◽  
Low Protein ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Objectives Low protein diet and essential amino acid deficient-diet have an impact on body weight and growth and different studies also showed an impact of lysine intake on bone metabolism. Lysine has been shown to promote the absorption of intestinal calcium and to participate in the collagen synthesis through its involvement in the reticulation process of the tropocollagen beams. The assembly of tropocollagen bundle into mature collagen fibers is essential for bone formation and remodeling (civitelli et al, 1992; Fini et al, 2001). The objective of this study was to characterize the impact of low protein diet and lysine-deficient diet on bone metabolism of growing rats. Methods Study 1: 6 group of growing rats were fed for 3 weeks different diet with different content of milk protein at levels of 3%, 5%, 8%, 12%, 15% or 20% (% total energy). Study 2: 7 group of growing rats were fed diets with different lysine content (as % of lysine requirement), for 3 weeks: 15%, 25%, 40%, 60%, 75%, 100% or 170% (% Lysine requirement). Body weight was measured daily. At the end of the experiment, the body composition was analyzed and tissues were removed for measurements of the expression of genes involved in protein and bone metabolism. Statistical analysis was done by variance analysis. Results Rats fed low protein diet (3% and 5% of milk protein), compared to control have a lower growth, with a lower body weight and naso-anal length. This weak growth was associated with a lower lean body mass, and also had an impact on bone metabolism. There was a decrease in the bone mineral density, bone mineral content and femur size, associated with a decrease of markers of bone turnover and formation. The same results on bone metabolism were observed on rats fed the 85% lysine deficient diet. Conclusions Low protein diet and lysine-deficient diet reduce growth and bone metabolism. The impact of low protein diet could be related to the lysine deficiency, which have an impact on the calcium intestinal absorption and on collagen synthesis. Funding Sources INRA, AgroParisTech. Supporting Tables, Images and/or Graphs

scholarly journals Effect of a low-protein diet supplemented with keto-acids on autophagy and inflammation in 5/6 nephrectomized rats

2015 ◽  
Vol 35 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yue-yue Zhang ◽  
Juan Huang ◽  
Man Yang ◽  
Li-jie Gu ◽  
Jia-yao Ji ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Muscle Mass ◽  
Protein Diet ◽  
Low Protein Diet ◽  
Low Protein ◽  
Keto Acids

The present study demonstrated that autophagy/mitophagy was increased and inflammation was aggravated in skeletal muscle in chronic kidney disease (CKD) rats. A low-protein diet (LPD) supplemented with ketoacids (KA) improved the loss in muscle mass and blocked the activation of autophagy/mitophagy and inflammation in those rats.

Schistosoma japonicum and Trichuris suis infections in pigs fed diets with high and low protein

Parasitology ◽  
1997 ◽  
Vol 115 (3) ◽  
pp. 257-264 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. V. JOHANSEN ◽  
H. O. BØGH ◽  
H. GIVER ◽  
L. ERIKSEN ◽  
P. NANSEN ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Schistosoma Japonicum ◽  
Growing Pigs ◽  
High Protein ◽  
Protein Diet ◽  
Low Protein Diet ◽  
Albumin Concentration ◽  
Trichuris Suis ◽  
Low Protein ◽  
Time Of Infection ◽  
The Impact

The aim of the study was to measure the impact of Schistosoma japonicum and Trichuris suis infections in young growing pigs fed low- or high-protein diets. Thirty-two pigs, 6–10 weeks old, were randomly allocated to 2 groups receiving either a high- or a low-protein diet. After 11 weeks half of the pigs from each group were infected with 1500 S. japonicum cercariae and 4000 T. suis eggs. The weight of the pigs was measured throughout the study, and blood and faecal samples were collected every second week from the time of infection. At the time of infection the low-protein pigs had significantly lower mean body weights, haemoglobin and albumin levels compared with the high-protein pigs, and this pattern continued throughout the study. The serum albumin concentration was further significantly reduced in the infected low-protein pigs compared to the non-infected low-protein pigs. Significantly more S. japonicum worms as well as faecal and tissue eggs were found in the low-protein pigs compared with the high-protein pigs. No differences between the 2 diet groups were observed in T. suis establishment rates or faecal egg excretion. We conclude that this low-protein diet increased the establishment rates of S. japonicum, favoured larger deposits of S. japonicum eggs in the liver and faecal egg excretion, reduced weight gains and caused anaemia and hypoalbuminaemia in young growing pigs as compared with a high-protein diet.

A translation repressor, 4E-BP1, regulates the triglyceride level in rat liver during protein deprivation

2020 ◽  
Vol 318 (5) ◽  
pp. E636-E645
Author(s):  
Yuka Toyoshima ◽  
Fumiaki Yoshizawa ◽  
Reiko Tokita ◽  
Yusuke Taguchi ◽  
Shin-Ichiro Takahashi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rat Liver ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Mrna Level ◽  
Translation Initiation Factor ◽  
Protein Diet ◽  
Initiation Factor ◽  
Low Protein Diet ◽  
Acid Oxidation ◽  
Protein Deprivation ◽  
Low Protein

Protein deprivation has been shown to induce fatty liver in humans and animals, but the molecular mechanisms underlying such induction are largely unknown. Our previous studies have shown that a low-protein diet increases eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E-binding protein 1 (4E-BP1) protein and triglyceride (TG) levels in rat liver. 4E-BP1 is known to repress translation by binding to eIF4E. There is also evidence indicating that 4E-BP1 regulates lipid metabolism. Here, we examined the role of 4E-BP1 on TG accumulation in the livers of rats under protein deprivation. The low-protein diet rapidly increased the hepatic 4E-BP1 mRNA level within 1 day, followed by the induction of hepatic TG accumulation. The knockdown of hepatic 4E-BP1 attenuated the TG accumulation in rat liver induced by the low-protein diet. 4E-BP1 knockdown also increased the protein level of carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1A (CPT1A), a regulator of fatty acid oxidation, in the liver of rats fed a low-protein diet. These results indicate that a low-protein diet increases the amount of 4E-BP1, leading to TG accumulation in rat liver. We thus conclude that 4E-BP1 plays an important role in inducing hepatic steatosis under protein deprivation.

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