scholarly journals APOE4 is associated with elevated blood lipids and lower levels of innate immune biomarkers in a tropical Amerindian subsistence population

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Angela R Garcia ◽  
Caleb E Finch ◽  
Margaret Gatz ◽  
Thomas S Kraft ◽  
Daniel Cummings ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Blood Lipids ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Oxidized Ldl ◽  
Obese Adults ◽  
Reactive Protein ◽  
Immune Biomarkers ◽  
Post Industrial ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Pathogenic Diversity

AbstractIn post-industrial settings, APOE4 is associated with increased cardiovascular and neurological disease risk. However, the majority of human evolutionary history occurred in environments with higher pathogenic diversity and low cardiovascular risk. We hypothesize that in high-pathogen and energy-limited contexts, the APOE4 allele confers benefits by reducing baseline innate inflammation when uninfected, while maintaining higher lipid levels that buffer costs of immune activation during infection. Among Tsimane forager-farmers of Bolivia (N=1266), APOE4 is associated with 30% lower C-reactive protein, and higher total cholesterol and oxidized-LDL. Blood lipids were either not associated, or negatively associated with inflammatory biomarkers, except for associations of oxidized-LDL and inflammation which were limited to obese adults. Further, APOE4 carriers maintain higher levels of total and LDL cholesterol at low BMIs. These results suggest the relationship between APOE4 and lipids is likely beneficial for pathogen-driven immune responses, and unlikely to increase cardiovascular risk in an active subsistence population.

scholarly journals APOE4 is associated with elevated blood lipids and lower levels of innate immune biomarkers in a tropical Amerindian subsistence population

eLife ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Angela R Garcia ◽  
Caleb Finch ◽  
Margaret Gatz ◽  
Thomas Kraft ◽  
Daniel Eid Rodriguez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Blood Lipids ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Oxidized Ldl ◽  
Obese Adults ◽  
Reactive Protein ◽  
Immune Biomarkers ◽  
Post Industrial ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Pathogenic Diversity

In post-industrial settings, apolipoprotein E4 (APOE4) is associated with increased cardiovascular and neurological disease risk. However, the majority of human evolutionary history occurred in environments with higher pathogenic diversity and low cardiovascular risk. We hypothesize that in high-pathogen and energy-limited contexts, the APOE4 allele confers benefits by reducing innate inflammation when uninfected, while maintaining higher lipid levels that buffer costs of immune activation during infection. Among Tsimane forager-farmers of Bolivia (N = 1266, 50% female), APOE4 is associated with 30% lower C-reactive protein, and higher total cholesterol and oxidized LDL. Blood lipids were either not associated, or negatively associated with inflammatory biomarkers, except for associations of oxidized LDL and inflammation which were limited to obese adults. Further, APOE4 carriers maintain higher levels of total and LDL cholesterol at low body mass indices (BMIs). These results suggest that the relationship between APOE4 and lipids may be beneficial for pathogen-driven immune responses and unlikely to increase cardiovascular risk in an active subsistence population.

Haematocrit: Relationships with Blood Lipids, Blood Pressure and other Cardiovascular Risk Factors

1994 ◽  
Vol 72 (01) ◽  
pp. 058-064 ◽  
Author(s):  
Goya Wannamethee ◽  
A Gerald Shaper
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk Factors ◽  
Alcohol Intake ◽  
Blood Lipids ◽  
The Other ◽  
The Relationship

SummaryThe relationship between haematocrit and cardiovascular risk factors, particularly blood pressure and blood lipids, has been examined in detail in a large prospective study of 7735 middle-aged men drawn from general practices in 24 British towns. The analyses are restricted to the 5494 men free of any evidence of ischaemic heart disease at screening.Smoking, body mass index, physical activity, alcohol intake and lung function (FEV1) were factors strongly associated with haematocrit levels independent of each other. Age showed a significant but small independent association with haematocrit. Non-manual workers had slightly higher haematocrit levels than manual workers; this difference increased considerably and became significant after adjustment for the other risk factors. Diabetics showed significantly lower levels of haematocrit than non-diabetics. In the univariate analysis, haematocrit was significantly associated with total serum protein (r = 0*18), cholesterol (r = 0.16), triglyceride (r = 0.15), diastolic blood pressure (r = 0.17) and heart rate (r = 0.14); all at p <0.0001. A weaker but significant association was seen with systolic blood pressure (r = 0.09, p <0.001). These relationships remained significant even after adjustment for age, smoking, body mass index, physical activity, alcohol intake, lung function, presence of diabetes, social class and for each of the other biological variables; the relationship with systolic blood pressure was considerably weakened. No association was seen with blood glucose and HDL-cholesterol. This study has shown significant associations between several lifestyle characteristics and the haematocrit and supports the findings of a significant relationship between the haematocrit and blood lipids and blood pressure. It emphasises the role of the haematocrit in assessing the risk of ischaemic heart disease and stroke in individuals, and the need to take haematocrit levels into account in determining the importance of other cardiovascular risk factors.

scholarly journals Type D personality, lifestyle habits, and cardiovascular disease risk: A mediational model

2018 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 35
Author(s):  
Almudena Carneiro-Barrera ◽  
María Valdés-Díaz ◽  
Juan Francisco Rodríguez-Testal
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease Risk ◽  
Subjective Health ◽  
Type D Personality ◽  
Unhealthy Lifestyle ◽  
Lifestyle Habits ◽  
Type D ◽  
Cardiovascular Patients ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract: The interaction of negative affect and stable social inhibition traits (Type D personality) is related to unhealthy lifestyle habits and cardiovascular risk. The aim of this study was to elucidate whether lifestyle habits mediate the relationship between Type D personality and blood pressure (BP) as a cardiovascular risk factor. A total of 91 participants (54.90% women) aged over 45 were assessed with measures of subjective health, Type D personality, lifestyle habits and BP.  The Baron and Kenny’s (1986) model and the Preacher and Hayes’ (2008) procedure were used to analyse the mediation model. Results indicated that the relationship between Type D personality and systolic BP was partially mediated by lifestyle habits whereas a full mediation was observed in the case of diastolic BP. The practice of unhealthy habits could explain the indirect mechanism by which Type D personality is related to morbidity and mortality risk in cardiovascular patients. Resumen: Personalidad Tipo D, hábitos de vida y riesgo cardiovascular. La interacción del afecto negativo e inhibición social (personalidad Tipo D) se relaciona con los hábitos de vida y el riesgo cardiovascular. El objetivo de este estudio fue dilucidar si los hábitos de vida median la relación entre personalidad Tipo D y presión arterial (PA) como factor de riesgo cardiovascular. Un total de 91 participantes mayores de 45 años (54.90% mujeres) fueron evaluados de salud subjetiva, hábitos de vida, personalidad Tipo D y PA. Se utilizó el modelo de Baron y Kenny (1986) y el procedimiento de Preacher y Hayes (2008) para el análisis mediacional. Los hábitos de vida mediaron parcialmente la relación entre personalidad Tipo D y PA sistólica y, de manera total, la relación entre personalidad Tipo D y PA diastólica. La práctica de hábitos no saludables podría explicar el mecanismo indirecto mediante el cual la personalidad Tipo D se relaciona con el riesgo de morbilidad y mortalidad en pacientes cardíacos.

scholarly journals Immune Biomarkers in the Prediction of Future Myocardial Infarctions in People With Human Immunodeficiency Virus

2019 ◽  
Vol 70 (8) ◽  
pp. 1764-1767
Author(s):  
Janine M Trevillyan ◽  
Carlee Moser ◽  
Judith S Currier ◽  
Tamer Sallam
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Myocardial Infarctions ◽  
Control Analysis ◽  
Retrospective Case ◽  
Reactive Protein ◽  
Immune Biomarkers ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Case Control Analysis

Abstract In a retrospective case control analysis, following adjustments for high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP), traditional cardiovascular risk factors, and the CD4/CD8 T-cell ratio, higher lipopolysaccharide-binding protein (LBP) was associated with future myocardial infarctions in hsCRP human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). LBP may be a marker of cardiovascular risk with utility in HIV.

scholarly journals Association of Cardiovascular Risk Factors in Hypertensive Subjects with Metabolic Syndrome Defined by Three Different Definitions

2011 ◽  
Vol 51 (184) ◽  
Author(s):  
R Shrestha ◽  
SC Jha ◽  
M Khanal ◽  
P Gyawali ◽  
BK Yadav ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk Factors ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Oxidized Ldl ◽  
International Diabetes Federation ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Cardiac Risk ◽  
Cardiac Risk Factors

Introduction: Different authorities have put forward their criteria to defi ne metabolic syndrome (MetS). The aim of this study was to fi nd the prevalence of MetS in hypertensive individuals by the available three different defi nitions from National Cholesterol Education Program (NCEP), International diabetes Federation (IDF) and WHO and their association with other cardiac risk factors. Methods: After anthropometric measurements fasting blood was analyzed for glucose, lipids, high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) and anti-oxidized LDL antibody in 150 hypertensive individuals. A ten-year coronary heart disease risk was predicted using the Framingham risk score (FRS). Results: The prevalence of MetS was 54.7 % by NCEP, 42.0 % by IDF) and 18.7 % by WHO. As many as 63.4 % had MetS by any defi nition, while only 9.4 % fulfi lled all the criteria of the three definitions. The association of cardiac risk factors also varied according to the defi nition used. hsCRP was signifi cantly elevated in MetS compared to non-MetS. Body mass index, waist circumference and HDL-C were associated in MetS defi ned by NCEP and IDF. FRS was higher in MetS defi ned by Adult Treatment Panel and WHO defi nitions. An increase in urine albumin and a decrease in eGFR were associated with MetS individuals defi ned by WHO only. Conclusions: There is a wide variation in the prevalence of MetS and associated cardiac risk factors according to three different defi nitions used. The different cardiac risk factors among MetS also vary with the defi nitions used. However, hsCRP and emerging risk factor are signifi cantly elevated in hypertensive individuals with MetS as defi ned by all defi nitions. Keywords: cardiovascular risk factors, hypertension,metabolic syndrome.

scholarly journals Early Pregnancy Atherogenic Profile in a First Pregnancy and Hypertension Risk 2 to 7 Years After Delivery

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Janet M. Catov ◽  
Rebecca B. McNeil ◽  
Derek J. Marsh ◽  
Brian M. Mercer ◽  
C. Noel Bairey Merz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease Risk ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
First Trimester ◽  
C Reactive Protein ◽  
Unique Identifier ◽  
Reactive Protein ◽  
Increased Risk

Background Cardiovascular risk in young adulthood is an important determinant of lifetime cardiovascular disease risk. Women with adverse pregnancy outcomes (APOs) have increased cardiovascular risk, but the relationship of other factors is unknown. Methods and Results Among 4471 primiparous women, we related first‐trimester atherogenic markers to risk of APO (hypertensive disorders of pregnancy, preterm birth, small for gestational age), gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and hypertension (130/80 mm Hg or antihypertensive use) 2 to 7 years after delivery. Women with an APO/GDM (n=1102) had more atherogenic characteristics (obesity [34.2 versus 19.5%], higher blood pressure [systolic blood pressure 112.2 versus 108.4, diastolic blood pressure 69.2 versus 66.6 mm Hg], glucose [5.0 versus 4.8 mmol/L], insulin [77.6 versus 60.1 pmol/L], triglycerides [1.4 versus 1.3 mmol/L], and high‐sensitivity C‐reactive protein [5.6 versus 4.0 nmol/L], and lower high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol [1.8 versus 1.9 mmol/L]; P <0.05) than women without an APO/GDM. They were also more likely to develop hypertension after delivery (32.8% versus 18.1%, P <0.05). Accounting for confounders and factors routinely assessed antepartum, higher glucose (relative risk [RR] 1.03 [95% CI, 1.00–1.06] per 0.6 mmol/L), high‐sensitivity C‐reactive protein (RR, 1.06 [95% CI, 1.02–1.11] per 2‐fold higher), and triglycerides (RR, 1.27 [95% CI, 1.14–1.41] per 2‐fold higher) were associated with later hypertension. Higher physical activity was protective (RR, 0.93 [95% CI, 0.87‐0.99] per 3 h/week). When evaluated as latent profiles, the nonobese group with higher lipids, high‐sensitivity C‐reactive protein, and insulin values (6.9% of the cohort) had increased risk of an APO/GDM and later hypertension. Among these factors, 7% to 15% of excess RR was related to APO/GDM. Conclusions Individual and combined first‐trimester atherogenic characteristics are associated with APO/GDM occurrence and hypertension 2 to 7 years later. Registration URL: https://www.clinicaltrials.gov ; Unique identifier: NCT02231398.

scholarly journals The Roles of Lipoprotein in Psoriasis

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 859 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chun-Ming Shih ◽  
Chang-Cyuan Chen ◽  
Chen-Kuo Chu ◽  
Kuo-Hsien Wang ◽  
Chun-Yao Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adhesion Molecules ◽  
Mononuclear Cells ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Oxidized Ldl ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease Risk ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Epidemiological Data ◽  
Adjusted Relative Risk ◽  
The Relationship

The association between psoriasis and cardiovascular disease risk has been supported by recent epidemiological data. Patients with psoriasis have an increased adjusted relative risk for myocardial infarction. As such, the cardiovascular risk conferred by severe psoriasis may be comparable to what is seen with other well-established risk factors, such as diabetes mellitus. Previous studies demonstrated that low-density lipoprotein (LDL) plays critical roles during atherogenesis. It may be caused by the accumulation of macrophages and lipoprotein in the vessel wall. Oxidized LDL (ox-LDL) stimulates the expression of adhesion molecules, such as ICAM-1 and VCAM-1, on endothelial cells and increases the attachment of mononuclear cells and the endothelium. Even though previous evidence demonstrated that psoriasis patients have tortuous and dilated blood vessels in the dermis, which results in the leakage of ox-LDL, the leaked ox-LDL may increase the expression of adhesion molecules and cytokines, and disturb the static balance of osmosis. Therefore, exploration of the relationship between hyperlipidemia and psoriasis may be another novel treatment option for psoriasis and may represent the most promising strategy.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document