scholarly journals Mental health in the UK Biobank: a roadmap to self-report measures and neuroimaging correlates

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rosie K Dutt ◽  
Kayla Hannon ◽  
Ty O Easley ◽  
Joseph Griffis ◽  
Wei Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Longitudinal Research ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Uk Biobank ◽  
State Dependent ◽  
Population Mental Health ◽  
Timing Effects ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Biomarker Research ◽  
Test Retest Reliability

The UK Biobank (UKB) is a highly promising dataset for brain biomarker research into population mental health due to its unprecedented sample size and extensive phenotypic, imaging, and biological measurements. In this study, we aimed to provide a shared foundation for UKB neuroimaging research into mental health with a focus on anxiety and depression. We compared UKB self-report measures and revealed important timing effects between scan acquisition and separate online acquisition of some mental health measures. To overcome these timing effects, we introduced and validated the Recent Depressive Symptoms (RDS) score which we recommend for state-dependent and longitudinal research in the UKB. We furthermore tested univariate and multivariate associations between brain imaging derived phenotypes (IDPs) and mental health. Our results showed a significant multivariate relationship between IDPs and mental health, which was highly replicable. Conversely, effect sizes for individual IDPs were very small and contributions of individual IDPs to the multivariate result did not replicate. Test-retest reliability of IDPs was stronger for measures of brain structure than for measures of brain function. Taken together, these results provide benchmarks and guidelines for future UKB research into brain biomarkers of mental health.

scholarly journals Mental health in the UK Biobank: A roadmap to self‐report measures and neuroimaging correlates

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rosie K Dutt ◽  
Kayla Hannon ◽  
Ty O Easley ◽  
Joseph C Griffis ◽  
Wei Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Uk Biobank ◽  
The Uk

scholarly journals 699 Sleep Health Traits and COVID-19: Mortality Risk from the UK Biobank

SLEEP ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 44 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. A273-A273
Author(s):  
Xi Zheng ◽  
Ma Cherrysse Ulsa ◽  
Peng Li ◽  
Lei Gao ◽  
Kun Hu
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Sleep Apnea ◽  
Sleep Duration ◽  
Sex Education ◽  
Mortality Risk ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Severe Illness ◽  
Uk Biobank ◽  
Sleep Health ◽  
The Uk

Abstract Introduction While there is emerging evidence for acute sleep disruption in the aftermath of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), it is unknown whether sleep traits contribute to mortality risk. In this study, we tested whether earlier-life sleep duration, chronotype, insomnia, napping or sleep apnea were associated with increased 30-day COVID-19 mortality. Methods We included 34,711 participants from the UK Biobank, who presented for COVID-19 testing between March and October 2020 (mean age at diagnosis: 69.4±8.3; range 50.2–84.6). Self-reported sleep duration (less than 6h/6-9h/more than 9h), chronotype (“morning”/”intermediate”/”evening”), daytime dozing (often/rarely), insomnia (often/rarely), napping (often/rarely) and presence of sleep apnea (ICD-10 or self-report) were obtained between 2006 and 2010. Multivariate logistic regression models were used to adjust for age, sex, education, socioeconomic status, and relevant risk factors (BMI, hypertension, diabetes, respiratory diseases, smoking, and alcohol). Results The mean time between sleep measures and COVID-19 testing was 11.6±0.9 years. Overall, 5,066 (14.6%) were positive. In those who were positive, 355 (7.0%) died within 30 days (median = 8) after diagnosis. Long sleepers (>9h vs. 6-9h) [20/103 (19.4%) vs. 300/4,573 (6.6%); OR 2.09, 95% 1.19–3.64, p=0.009), often daytime dozers (OR 1.68, 95% 1.04–2.72, p=0.03), and nappers (OR 1.52, 95% 1.04–2.23, p=0.03) were at greater odds of mortality. Prior diagnosis of sleep apnea also saw a two-fold increased odds (OR 2.07, 95% CI: 1.25–3.44 p=0.005). No associations were seen for short sleepers, chronotype or insomnia with COVID-19 mortality. Conclusion Data across all current waves of infection show that prior sleep traits/disturbances, in particular long sleep duration, daytime dozing, napping and sleep apnea, are associated with increased 30-day mortality after COVID-19, independent of health-related risk factors. While sleep health traits may reflect unmeasured poor health, further work is warranted to examine the exact underlying mechanisms, and to test whether sleep health optimization offers resilience to severe illness from COVID-19. Support (if any) NIH [T32GM007592 and R03AG067985 to L.G. RF1AG059867, RF1AG064312, to K.H.], the BrightFocus Foundation A2020886S to P.L. and the Foundation of Anesthesia Education and Research MRTG-02-15-2020 to L.G.

scholarly journals Detecting retinal neurodegeneration in people with diabetes: Findings from the UK Biobank

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (9) ◽  
pp. e0257836
Author(s):  
Roomasa Channa ◽  
Kyungmoo Lee ◽  
Kristen A. Staggers ◽  
Nitish Mehta ◽  
Sidra Zafar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetic Retinopathy ◽  
Glycated Hemoglobin ◽  
Retinal Thickness ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Inner Plexiform Layer ◽  
Uk Biobank ◽  
Fiber Layer ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Retinal Neurodegeneration ◽  
The Uk

Importance Efforts are underway to incorporate retinal neurodegeneration in the diabetic retinopathy severity scale. However, there is no established measure to quantify diabetic retinal neurodegeneration (DRN). Objective We compared total retinal, macular retinal nerve fiber layer (mRNFL) and ganglion cell-inner plexiform layer (GC-IPL) thickness among participants with and without diabetes (DM) in a population-based cohort. Design/setting/participants Cross-sectional analysis, using the UK Biobank data resource. Separate general linear mixed models (GLMM) were created using DM and glycated hemoglobin as predictor variables for retinal thickness. Sub-analyses included comparing thickness measurements for patients with no/mild diabetic retinopathy (DR) and evaluating factors associated with retinal thickness in participants with and without diabetes. Factors found to be significantly associated with DM or thickness were included in a multiple GLMM. Exposure Diagnosis of DM was determined via self-report of diagnosis, medication use, DM-related complications or glycated hemoglobin level of ≥ 6.5%. Main outcomes and measures Total retinal, mRNFL and GC-IPL thickness. Results 74,422 participants (69,985 with no DM; 4,437 with DM) were included. Median age was 59 years, 46% were men and 92% were white. Participants with DM had lower total retinal thickness (-4.57 μm, 95% CI: -5.00, -4.14; p<0.001), GC-IPL thickness (-1.73 μm, 95% CI: -1.86, -1.59; p<0.001) and mRNFL thickness (-0.68 μm, 95% CI: -0.81, -0.54; p<0.001) compared to those without DM. After adjusting for co-variates, in the GLMM, total retinal thickness was 1.99 um lower (95% CI: -2.47, -1.50; p<0.001) and GC-IPL was 1.02 μm lower (95% CI: -1.18, -0.87; p<0.001) among those with DM compared to without. mRNFL was no longer significantly different (p = 0.369). GC-IPL remained significantly lower, after adjusting for co-variates, among those with DM compared to those without DM when including only participants with no/mild DR (-0.80 μm, 95% CI: -0.98, -0.62; p<0.001). Total retinal thickness decreased 0.40 μm (95% CI: -0.61, -0.20; p<0.001), mRNFL thickness increased 0.20 μm (95% CI: 0.14, 0.27; p<0.001) and GC-IPL decreased 0.26 μm (95% CI: -0.33, -0.20; p<0.001) per unit increase in A1c after adjusting for co-variates. Among participants with diabetes, age, DR grade, ethnicity, body mass index, glaucoma, spherical equivalent, and visual acuity were significantly associated with GC-IPL thickness. Conclusion GC-IPL was thinner among participants with DM, compared to without DM. This difference persisted after adjusting for confounding variables and when considering only those with no/mild DR. This confirms that GC-IPL thinning occurs early in DM and can serve as a useful marker of DRN.

scholarly journals Mental health and poverty in the UK – time for change?

2015 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 27-28 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jed Boardman ◽  
Nisha Dogra ◽  
Peter Hindley
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Income Inequality ◽  
Health Services ◽  
Detrimental Effect ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Poverty And Inequality ◽  
Population Mental Health ◽  
Long Term Consequences ◽  
The Uk

Poverty and income inequality have increased in the UK since the 1970s. Poverty and mental ill-health are closely associated and disadvantage can have long-term consequences. In addition, the recent recession and austerity measures have had a detrimental effect on people with mental health problems and the mental health of the population. Mental health services can play a role in addressing the problems of poverty and inequality.

scholarly journals Validation of the Strengths and Difficulties Self-Report in Norwegian Sign Language

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 91-104 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chris Margaret Aanondsen ◽  
Thomas Jozefiak ◽  
Kerstin Heiling ◽  
Tormod Rimehaug
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Sign Language ◽  
Internal Consistency ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Health Problems ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Retest Reliability ◽  
Strengths And Difficulties ◽  
Test Retest Reliability

Abstract The majority of studies on mental health in deaf and hard-of-hearing (DHH) children report a higher level of mental health problems. Inconsistencies in reports of prevalence of mental health problems have been found to be related to a number of factors such as language skills, cognitive ability, heterogeneous samples as well as validity problems caused by using written measures designed for typically hearing children. This study evaluates the psychometric properties of the self-report version of the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) in Norwegian Sign Language (NSL; SDQ-NSL) and in written Norwegian (SDQ-NOR). Forty-nine DHH children completed the SDQ-NSL as well as the SDQ-NOR in randomized order and their parents completed the parent version of the SDQ-NOR and a questionnaire on hearing and language-related information. Internal consistency was examined using Dillon–Goldstein’s rho, test–retest reliability using intraclass correlations, construct validity by confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), and partial least squares structural equation modeling. Internal consistency and test–retest reliability were established as acceptable to good. CFA resulted in a best fit for the proposed five-factor model for both versions, although not all fit indices reached acceptable levels. The reliability and validity of the SDQ-NSL seem promising even though the validation was based on a small sample size.

scholarly journals Diet, Sleep, and Mental Health: Insights from the UK Biobank Study

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (8) ◽  
pp. 2573
Author(s):  
Piril Hepsomali ◽  
John A. Groeger
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Mental Health Disorders ◽  
Dietary Guidelines ◽  
Healthy Diet ◽  
Milk Intake ◽  
Processed Meat ◽  
Uk Biobank ◽  
Health Disorders ◽  
Mental Health Symptomatology ◽  
The Uk

Diet has long been the focus of attention as a leading risk factor for non-communicable diseases. As such, a better understanding of it is crucial to establish priorities for dietary guidelines and to inform, design, and implement strategies for preventing, helping manage, and stopping the progression of sleep and mental health-related symptoms/disorders. The aim of the current study is to conduct the largest investigation of diet, sleep, and mental health to date by utilizing the UK Biobank (UKB) dataset to identify the associations between diet and (i) sleep quality/health, and (ii) mental health symptomatology. This cross-sectional population-based study involved 502,494 middle-aged adults. UKB food frequency, sleep, and psychological factors and mental health questionnaires at baseline were used. Scores were also calculated for healthy diet, healthy sleep, mental health symptomatology, partial fibre intake, and milk intake. We observed positive associations with healthy diet and sleep and mental health, especially benefits of high intakes of vegetable, fruit, fish, water, and fibre. However, processed meat and milk intake were adversely associated with sleep and mental health. These findings make clear that there are health and wellbeing benefits and drawbacks of different diets, but do not, at this stage, demonstrate the clear causal relationships, which would support dietary interventions that might play a role in the treatment and also self-management of sleep and mental health disorders/symptoms. Further research is required to understand mechanisms of actions of which diet acts on to modulate sleep and mental health, while taking comorbidity of sleep and mental health disorders/symptoms into consideration.

scholarly journals Accuracy of Patient Self-Report of Stroke: A Systematic Review from the UK Biobank Stroke Outcomes Group

PLoS ONE ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. e0137538 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rebecca Woodfield ◽  
Cathie L. M. Sudlow ◽  
◽  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Uk Biobank ◽  
Stroke Outcomes ◽  
The Uk

scholarly journals Psychological distress and resilience in a sample of Adolescents and Young Adults with cancer during the COVID-19 pandemic

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Clare Jacobson ◽  
Rebecca Mulholland ◽  
Nicola Miller ◽  
Laura Baker ◽  
Daniel Glazer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Psychological Distress ◽  
Cancer Treatment ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Protective Factor ◽  
Care Delivery ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Patient Health ◽  
The Uk ◽  
The Impact

AbstractBACKGROUNDAdolescents and young people (AYA) with cancer are at greater risk of psychological distress which can impact treatment. COVID-19 has resulted in changes to cancer care delivery and AYA have been disproportionately affected by economic and educational effects of COVID-19, potentially impacting on mental health. Understanding the impact of COVID-19 on AYA with cancer is important to inform care.METHODSOnline survey of 16-24 year olds receiving cancer treatment at 8 cancer centres in the UK in December 2020. We measured: self-perceived increased anxiety since COVID-19, impact of COVID-19 on treatment, life and relationships and used the 8-item Patient Health Questionnaire(PHQ-8), 7-item Generalised Anxiety Disorder Scale(GAD) and the 2-item Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale(CD-RISC).RESULTS112 AYA participated (17.8% of total eligible). 62.8% were female, 67.3% were 21-24 years. 83% were white. 59.8% had previously experienced mental health difficulties. 67.9% received cancer treatment during the pandemic and 33.9% were diagnosed during the pandemic. 78.6% reported COVID-19 having a significant impact on their life, 55.4% on their key relationship and 39.3% on their treatment. 79% reported experiencing some degree of increased anxiety since COVID-19.43.4% had moderate-severe PHQ-8 scores and 37.1% for GADS-7. Self-report of impact on life was associated with greater anxiety during COVID-19 and moderate-severe PHQ-8 score (OR 3.64, 95% CI 2.52 to 19.40, p <0.01; OR 5.23, 95%CI 1.65 to 16.56, p < 0.01). Impact on relationships was associated with greater anxiety and moderate-severe GADS-7and PHQ-8 score (OR 2.89, 95% CI 1.11 to 7.54, p = 0,03; OR 3.54, 95% CI 2.32 to 15.17, p<0.01; OR 2.42, 95% CI 1.11 to 5.25, p =0.03). Greater CD-RISC score was associated with lower risk of anxiety and mod-severe GADS-7and PHQ-8 scores (OR 0.58, 95%CI 0.41 to 0.81, p <0.01; OR 0.55 95% CI 0.4 to 0.72, p <0.01; OR 0.52, 95% CI 0.38 to 0.69, p <0.01)CONCLUSIONSWe found high levels of psychological distress in AYA with cancer, which is important knowledge for clinical teams working with this age group. Perceived impact of COVID-19 on relationships and life was predictive of poorer mental health, with resilience a potential protective factor.

scholarly journals Multiple measures of depression to enhance validity of major depressive disorder in the UK Biobank

BJPsych Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kylie P. Glanville ◽  
Jonathan R. I. Coleman ◽  
David M. Howard ◽  
Oliver Pain ◽  
Ken B. Hanscombe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Major Depressive Disorder ◽  
Depressive Disorder ◽  
Genetic Correlations ◽  
Genetic Contribution ◽  
Uk Biobank ◽  
Major Depressive ◽  
Multiple Measures ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Mental Health Questionnaire

Background The UK Biobank contains data with varying degrees of reliability and completeness for assessing depression. A third of participants completed a Mental Health Questionnaire (MHQ) containing the gold-standard Composite International Diagnostic Interview (CIDI) criteria for assessing mental health disorders. Aims To investigate whether multiple observations of depression from sources other than the MHQ can enhance the validity of major depressive disorder (MDD). Method In participants who did not complete the MHQ, we calculated the number of other depression measures endorsed, for example from hospital episode statistics and interview data. We compared cases defined this way with CIDI-defined cases for several estimates: the variance explained by polygenic risk scores (PRS), area under the curve attributable to PRS, single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs)-based heritability and genetic correlations with summary statistics from the Psychiatric Genomics Consortium MDD genome-wide association study. Results The strength of the genetic contribution increased with the number of measures endorsed. For example, SNP-based heritability increased from 7% in participants who endorsed only one measure of depression, to 21% in those who endorsed four or five measures of depression. The strength of the genetic contribution to cases defined by at least two measures approximated that for CIDI-defined cases. Most genetic correlations between UK Biobank and the Psychiatric Genomics Consortium MDD study exceeded 0.7, but there was variability between pairwise comparisons. Conclusions Multiple measures of depression can serve as a reliable approximation for case status where the CIDI measure is not available, indicating sample size can be optimised using the entire suite of UK Biobank data.

scholarly journals O3B.5 The mental health of police, firefighters and paramedics in the UK biobank: a comparison with the general working population

2019 ◽  
Vol 76 (Suppl 1) ◽  
pp. A24.3-A25
Author(s):  
Sharon Stevelink ◽  
Nicola Fear ◽  
Matthew Hotopf
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Random Sample ◽  
Emergency Services ◽  
Life Time ◽  
Uk Biobank ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Emergency Services Personnel ◽  
Working People ◽  
Using Data ◽  
The Uk

It is our responsibility to protect and look after the health of members of the emergency services as this directly impacts on the country’s readiness to respond to these disasters and is a critical part of our duty of care towards this important group of workers. This study examined the mental health outcomes and associations with individual and job characteristics among emergency services personnel compared to a random sample of working people, thereby using data from the UK Biobank. This data source contains data on over half a million adults in the UK, who were at the time of recruitment between 40–69 years. Over 2 80 000 reported being in work. Current emergency services personnel were identified based on Standard Occupational Classification (SOC) 2000 codes. A random sample of age and sex matched people working in other occupations were selected from the UK Biobank for comparative purposes. The prevalence of the outcomes of interest, based on current and life time measures of depression, anxiety, alcohol misuse, post-traumatic stress disorder, suicide and trauma will be presented. The findings will be discussed in the light of current policies and strategies and recommendations for further practice will be outlined.

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