scholarly journals Previous COVID-19 infection but not Long-COVID is associated with increased adverse events following BNT162b2/Pfizer vaccination

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rachael K. Raw ◽  
Clive Kelly ◽  
Jon Rees ◽  
Caroline Wroe ◽  
David R. Chadwick
Keyword(s):  
Sensitivity Analysis ◽  
United Kingdom ◽  
Adverse Events ◽  
Observational Study ◽  
Healthcare Workers ◽  
Vaccine Hesitancy ◽  
Prior History ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
History Of

AbstractImportanceUnderstanding Adverse Events (AEs) associated with SARS-CoV-2 vaccination has public health implications, especially with regards to vaccine hesitancy.ObjectiveTo establish whether individuals with prior history of COVID-19 were more likely to experience AEs after BNT162b2/Pfizer vaccination, than those without previous COVID-19, and whether COVID-19-vaccination interval influenced AE severity.DesignAn observational study explored AEs after vaccination. Participants were invited to complete an electronic survey, capturing self-reported COVID-19 symptoms, PCR/antibody results, and AEs following first dose of BNT162b2/Pfizer vaccine. In a subset where PCR/antibody results could be verified, a sensitivity analysis was conducted.SettingThree North-East England hospital Trusts in the United Kingdom.ParticipantsHealthcare workers formed an opportunistic sample – 265 of 974 reported prior positive SARS-CoV-2 PCR and/or antibody.ExposureAll participants had received their first dose of BNT162b2/Pfizer vaccine.Main Outcomes and MeasuresNature, severity, duration, and onset of self-reported AEs (reported via a modified version of the FDA Toxicity Grading Scale for vaccine-associated AEs), was compared between those with and without a prior history of COVID-19, using 2-way ANCOVA and logistic regression. Effects of age, gender, illness-vaccine interval, and ongoing symptoms (‘Long-COVID’) on AEs, were also explored.ResultsOf 974 respondents (81% female, mean age 48), 265 (27%) reported previous COVID-19 infection. Within this group (symptoms median 8.9 months pre-vaccination), 30 (11%) complained of Long-COVID. The proportion reporting one moderate/severe symptom was higher in the previous COVID-19 group (56% v 47%, OR=1.5 [95%CI, 1.1–2.0], p=.009), with fever, fatigue, myalgia-arthralgia and lymphadenopathy significantly more common. There was no significant relationship between illness-vaccine interval and symptom composite score (rs=0.09, p=.44). Long-COVID was not associated with worse AEs in comparison to the group without previous COVID-19. In the smaller sensitivity analysis cohort (412 people) similar findings were obtained although only myalgia and arthralgia remained significant.Conclusions and RelevancePrior COVID-19 infection but not ongoing Long-COVID symptoms were associated with an increase in the risk of self-reported adverse events following BNT162b2/Pfizer vaccination. COVID-19 illness-vaccination interval did not significantly influence AEs. This data can support education around vaccine-associated AEs and, through improved understanding, help to combat vaccine hesitancy.Key PointsQuestionDoes previous COVID-19 infection or ‘Long-COVID’ increase the frequency of Adverse Events (AEs) following first dose of BNT162b2/Pfizer vaccination?FindingsIn a survey-based observational study, healthcare workers in the United Kingdom reported AEs experienced after their first dose of BNT162b2/Pfizer vaccine. Prior COVID-19 infection, but not Long-COVID, were associated with increased risk of self-reported AEs including lymphadenopathy post-vaccination. Duration since COVID-19 infection did not affect severity of AEs.MeaningOur study can inform education and understanding of AEs associated with COVID-19 vaccination and help to combat vaccine hesitancy.

scholarly journals Roll-out of SARS-CoV-2 testing for healthcare workers at a large NHS Foundation Trust in the United Kingdom, March 2020

2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (14) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander J Keeley ◽  
Cariad Evans ◽  
Hayley Colton ◽  
Michael Ankcorn ◽  
Alison Cope ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United Kingdom ◽  
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome ◽  
Healthcare Workers ◽  
Teaching Hospitals ◽  
Risk Of Infection ◽  
Staffing Levels ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Vulnerable Patients ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Roll Out

Healthcare workers (HCW) are potentially at increased risk of infection with coronavirus disease (COVID-19) and may transmit severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) to vulnerable patients. We present results from staff testing at Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, United Kingdom. Between 16 and 29 March 2020, 1,533 symptomatic HCW were tested, of whom 282 (18%) were positive for SARS-CoV-2. Testing HCW is a crucial strategy to optimise staffing levels during this outbreak.

scholarly journals Mental health symptoms in a cohort of hospital healthcare workers following the first peak of the Covid-19 pandemic in the United Kingdom

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kasun Wanigasooriya ◽  
Priyanka Palimar ◽  
David Naumann ◽  
Khalida Ismail ◽  
Jodie L. Fellows ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
At Risk ◽  
United Kingdom ◽  
Healthcare Workers ◽  
Moral Dilemmas ◽  
Health Conditions ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
History Of ◽  
Clinically Significant ◽  
Anxiety Depression

AbstractBackgroundThe Covid-19 pandemic is likely to lead to a significant increase in mental health disorders amongst healthcare workers (HCW).AimsWe evaluated the prevalence of anxiety, depressive and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms in a HCW population in the United Kingdom (UK), to identify subgroups most at risk.MethodsAn electronic survey was conducted between the 05/06/2020 and 31/07/2020 of all hospital HCW in the West Midlands, UK using clinically validated questionnaires: Patient Health Questionnaire-4 (PHQ-4) and the Impact of Event Scale-Revised (IES-R). Univariate analyses and adjusted logistic regression analyses were performed to estimate the strengths in associations.ResultsThere were 2638 eligible participants who completed the survey (female: 79.5%, median age: 42 [IQR: 32-51] years). The prevalence rates of clinically significant symptoms of anxiety, depression and PTSD were 34.3%, 31.2% and 24.5% respectively. In adjusted analysis a history of mental health conditions was associated with clinically significant symptoms of anxiety (odds ratio 2.3 [95% CI 1.9–2.7]; p<0.001), depression (2.5 [2.1–3.0]; p<0.001) and PTSD (2.1 [1.7–2.5]; p<0.001). The availability of adequate personal protective equipment (PPE), wellbeing support and lower exposure to moral dilemmas at work demonstrated significant negative associations with former symptoms (p≤0.001).ConclusionsWe report a high prevalence of clinically significant symptoms of anxiety, depression and PTSD in hospital HCW following the initial Covid-19 pandemic peak in the UK. Those with a history of mental health conditions were most at risk. Adequate PPE availability, access to wellbeing support and reduced exposure to moral dilemmas may protect hospital HCW from mental health symptoms.

History of political and civil rights of women in the United Kingdom

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 (11) ◽  
pp. 135-139
Author(s):  
Maria Zhukova ◽  
Elena Maystrovich ◽  
Elena Muratova ◽  
Aleksey Fedyakin
Keyword(s):  
United Kingdom ◽  
Civil Rights ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
History Of

Volunteering in hospice and palliative care in the United Kingdom

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ros Scott
Keyword(s):  
Palliative Care ◽  
United Kingdom ◽  
Care Services ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Strategic Direction ◽  
Palliative Care Services ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Hospice And Palliative Care ◽  
Changing Role

This chapter explores the history of volunteers in the founding and development of United Kingdom (UK) hospice services. It considers the changing role and influences of volunteering on services at different stages of development. Evidence suggests that voluntary sector hospice and palliative care services are dependent on volunteers for the range and quality of services delivered. Within such services, volunteer trustees carry significant responsibility for the strategic direction of the organiszation. Others are engaged in diverse roles ranging from the direct support of patient and families to public education and fundraising. The scope of these different roles is explored before considering the range of management models and approaches to training. This chapter also considers the direct and indirect impact on volunteering of changing palliative care, societal, political, and legislative contexts. It concludes by exploring how and why the sector is changing in the UK and considering the growing autonomy of volunteers within the sector.

scholarly journals Assessment of pain and postoperative nausea and vomiting and their association in the early postoperative period: an observational study from Palestine

BMC Surgery ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Reem M. Elsaid ◽  
Ashraqat S. Namrouti ◽  
Ahmad M. Samara ◽  
Wael Sadaqa ◽  
Sa’ed H. Zyoud
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Observational Study ◽  
Postoperative Nausea ◽  
Postoperative Nausea And Vomiting ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression ◽  
Nausea And Vomiting ◽  
Prior History ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Duration Of Surgery ◽  
History Of

Abstract Background Postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) and postoperative pain (POP) are most commonly experienced in the early hours after surgery. Many studies have reported high rates of PONV and POP, and have identified factors that could predict the development of these complications. This study aimed to evaluate the relationship between PONV and POP, and to identify some factors associated with these symptoms. Methods This was a prospective, multicentre, observational study performed at An-Najah National University Hospital and Rafidia Governmental Hospital, the major surgical hospitals in northern Palestine, from October 2019 to February 2020. A data collection form, adapted from multiple previous studies, was used to evaluate factors associated with PONV and POP in patients undergoing elective surgery. Patients were interviewed during the first 24 h following surgery. Multiple binary logistic regression was applied to determine factors that were significantly associated with the occurrence of PONV. Results Of the 211 patients included, nausea occurred in 43.1%, vomiting in 17.5%, and PONV in 45.5%. Multiple binary logistic regression analysis, using PONV as a dependent variable, showed that only patients with a history of PONV [odds ratio (OR) = 2.28; 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.03–5.01; p = 0.041] and POP (OR = 2.41; 95% CI = 1.17–4.97; p = 0.018) were significantly associated with the occurrence of PONV. Most participants (74.4%) reported experiencing pain at some point during the first 24 h following surgery. Additionally, the type and duration of surgery were significantly associated with POP (p-values were 0.002 and 0.006, respectively). Conclusions PONV and POP are common complications in our surgical patients. Factors associated with PONV include a prior history of PONV and POP. Patients at risk should be identified, the proper formulation of PONV protocols should be considered, and appropriate management plans should be implemented to improve patients’ outcomes.

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