scholarly journals Developmental and Intergenerational Landscape of Human Circulatory Lipidome and its Association with Obesity Risk

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sartaj Ahmad Mir ◽  
Li Chen ◽  
Satvika Burugupalli ◽  
Bo Burla ◽  
Shanshan Ji ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cord Blood ◽  
Human Health ◽  
Lipid Composition ◽  
Early Life ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Obesity Risk ◽  
Maternal Circulation ◽  
Lipid Species ◽  
Health And Development ◽  
Maternal Adiposity

AbstractLipids play a vital role in human health and development, but changes to their circulatory levels during gestation and in early life are poorly understood. Here we present the first developmental and intergenerational landscape of the human circulatory lipidome, derived by profiling of 480 lipid species representing 25 lipid classes, in mothers and their offspring (n=2491). Levels of 66% of the profiled lipids increased in maternal circulation during gestation, while cord blood had higher concentrations of acylcarnitines and lysophospholipids. The offspring lipidome at age six years revealed striking similarities with postnatal maternal lipidome (adult) in its lipid composition and concentrations. Comparison of lipids associated with child and maternal adiposity identified a 92% overlap, implying intergenerational similarities in the lipid signatures of obesity risk. We also catalogued lipid signatures linked with maternal adiposity during gestation and offspring birthweight, and validated (>70% overlap) the findings in an independent birth-cohort (n=1935).

Evaluation effect of antibiotic to gut microbiota in early life based on culturomics, SMRT sequencing and metagenomics sequencing methods

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lihan Wang ◽  
Jiaxin Zhang ◽  
Mengyao Zhou ◽  
Qing Chen ◽  
Xinyan Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Human Health ◽  
Early Life ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Smrt Sequencing ◽  
Complex Disorders ◽  
And Function

Symbiotic gut microbiota in early life plays a vital role in human health, and changes in its communication and function are associated with various complex disorders. In this study, we...

scholarly journals Uncovering Prospective Role and Applications of Existing and New Nutraceuticals from Bacterial, Fungal, Algal and Cyanobacterial, and Plant Sources

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (7) ◽  
pp. 3671
Author(s):  
Jameel R. Al-Obaidi ◽  
Khalid H. Alobaidi ◽  
Bilal Salim Al-Taie ◽  
David Hong-Sheng Wee ◽  
Hasnain Hussain ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Health ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Future Perspective ◽  
The Public ◽  
Biological Sources ◽  
Pharmaceutical Properties ◽  
Plant Sources ◽  
Health And Well Being

Nutraceuticals are a category of products more often associated with food but having pharmaceuticals property and characteristics. However, there is still no internationally accepted concept of these food-pharmaceutical properties, and their interpretation can differ from country to country. Nutraceuticals are used as part of dietary supplements in most countries. They can be phytochemicals which are biologically active and have health benefits. These can be supplied as a supplement and/or as a functional food to the customer. For human health and longevity, these materials are likely to play a vital role. Consumption of these items is typical without a therapeutic prescription and/or supervision by the vast majority of the public. The development of nutraceuticals can be achieved through many bioresources and organisms. This review article will discuss the current research on nutraceuticals from different biological sources and their potential use as an agent for improving human health and well-being, as well as the gaps and future perspective of research related to nutraceutical development.

scholarly journals Liquid–liquid phase separation in human health and diseases

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bin Wang ◽  
Lei Zhang ◽  
Tong Dai ◽  
Ziran Qin ◽  
Huasong Lu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phase Separation ◽  
Liquid Phase ◽  
Human Health ◽  
Essential Role ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Liquid Phase Separation ◽  
Eukaryotic Cells ◽  
Liquid Liquid Phase Separation

AbstractEmerging evidence suggests that liquid–liquid phase separation (LLPS) represents a vital and ubiquitous phenomenon underlying the formation of membraneless organelles in eukaryotic cells (also known as biomolecular condensates or droplets). Recent studies have revealed evidences that indicate that LLPS plays a vital role in human health and diseases. In this review, we describe our current understanding of LLPS and summarize its physiological functions. We further describe the role of LLPS in the development of human diseases. Additionally, we review the recently developed methods for studying LLPS. Although LLPS research is in its infancy—but is fast-growing—it is clear that LLPS plays an essential role in the development of pathophysiological conditions. This highlights the need for an overview of the recent advances in the field to translate our current knowledge regarding LLPS into therapeutic discoveries.

Early‐life childhood obesity risk prediction: A Danish register‐based cohort study exploring the predictive value of infancy weight gain

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Torill Alise Rotevatn ◽  
Rikke Nørmark Mortensen ◽  
Line Rosenkilde Ullits ◽  
Christian Torp‐Pedersen ◽  
Charlotte Overgaard ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Childhood Obesity ◽  
Risk Prediction ◽  
Predictive Value ◽  
Early Life ◽  
Obesity Risk

scholarly journals Expression network analysis reveals cord blood vitamin D-associated genes affecting risk of early life wheeze

Thorax ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 74 (2) ◽  
pp. 200-202 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hooman Mirzakhani ◽  
Amal A Al-Garawi ◽  
Vincent J Carey ◽  
Weiliang Qiu ◽  
Augusto A Litonjua ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Cord Blood ◽  
Transforming Growth Factor Beta ◽  
Early Life ◽  
Transforming Growth Factor ◽  
First Year ◽  
Hydroxyvitamin D ◽  
25 Hydroxyvitamin D ◽  
Recurrent Wheeze ◽  
First Year Of Life

Cord blood 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25OHD) has been reported in association with risk of early life recurrent wheeze. In a subset of infants who participated in the Vitamin D Antenatal Asthma Reduction Trial, we demonstrated that higher cord blood 25OHD at birth (>31 ng/mL) was associated with a reduced risk of recurrent wheeze in the first year of life. We then identified a module of co-expressed genes associated with cord blood 25OHD levels >31 ng/mL. Genes in this module are involved in biological and immune pathways related to development and progression of asthma pathogenesis including the Notch1 and transforming growth factor-beta signalling pathways.

scholarly journals Probiotic: An Uprising Human Health Concept

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amishi Bhatt ◽  
Dhyey Kothari ◽  
Charmy Kothari ◽  
Ramesh Kothari
Keyword(s):  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Human Health ◽  
Scientific Evidence ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Health Food ◽  
Food Industries ◽  
Health Concept ◽  
Agricultural Applications ◽  
Potential Applications ◽  
Metabolic Activities

Most of our gut microbiota live with us in a mutually beneficial life-long relationship. The gut microbiota plays a vital role in the host’s overall health through its metabolic activities. Human microbiota might be supported by consuming friendly bacteria (probiotics) and consuming foods to improve the microbiota (prebiotics). During the last two decades, probiotics’ interest has increased with rising scientific shreds of evidence of benefits on human health. Hence, they have been exploited as various food products, mainly fermented foods. Probiotics as a treatment modality may restore normal microbiota and functioning of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract. Strong scientific evidence is associating these bacteria with the prevention and therapy of various GI disorders. (In light of the ongoing trend of probiotics, further research is needed to obtain the perspective of potential applications for better health. Probiotic applications have been extended from health applications to food and agricultural applications. The benefits of probiotics led to its applications in probiotic ‘health food’ industries and agricultural sectors.

scholarly journals Metabolomics datasets in the Born in Bradford cohort

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. 264
Author(s):  
Kurt Taylor ◽  
Nancy McBride ◽  
Neil J Goulding ◽  
Kimberley Burrows ◽  
Dan Mason ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cord Blood ◽  
Early Life ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Metabolomic Profiling ◽  
Born In Bradford ◽  
Large Numbers ◽  
Metabolomic Data ◽  
Phenotype Data ◽  
Offspring Health

Metabolomics is the quantification of small molecules, commonly known as metabolites. Collectively, these metabolites and their interactions within a biological system are known as the metabolome. The metabolome is a unique area of study, capturing influences from both genotype and environment. The availability of high-throughput technologies for quantifying large numbers of metabolites, as well as lipids and lipoprotein particles, has enabled detailed investigation of human metabolism in large-scale epidemiological studies. The Born in Bradford (BiB) cohort includes 12,453 women who experienced 13,776 pregnancies recruited between 2007-2011, their partners and their offspring. In this data note, we describe the metabolomic data available in BiB, profiled during pregnancy, in cord blood and during early life in the offspring. These include two platforms of metabolomic profiling: nuclear magnetic resonance and mass spectrometry. The maternal measures, taken at 26-28 weeks’ gestation, can provide insight into the metabolome during pregnancy and how it relates to maternal and offspring health. The offspring cord blood measurements provide information on the fetal metabolome. These measures, alongside maternal pregnancy measures, can be used to explore how they may influence outcomes. The infant measures (taken around ages 12 and 24 months) provide a snapshot of the early life metabolome during a key phase of nutrition, environmental exposures, growth, and development. These metabolomic data can be examined alongside the BiB cohorts’ extensive phenotype data from questionnaires, medical, educational and social record linkage, and other ‘omics data.

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