scholarly journals Glucose Uptake as an Alternative to Stop-Flow Respirometry for Measuring Metabolic Rate in Danio rerio Larvae

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bridget L Evans ◽  
Adam F L Hurlstone ◽  
Peter E Clayton ◽  
Adam Stevens ◽  
Holly A Shiels
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Rate ◽  
Glucose Uptake ◽  
Danio Rerio ◽  
Gold Standard ◽  
Developmental Stages ◽  
Larval Fish ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Alternative Measure ◽  
Developmental Studies ◽  
Stop Flow

AbstractRespirometry is the current gold-standard for measuring metabolic rate. However, there is a growing need for metabolic rate measurements suitable for developmental studies, particularly in Danio rerio, where many important developmental stages occur at < 4 mm. While many metabolic studies rely on respirometry, the cost and complexity of the equipment limits its appeal in non-specialist labs, and background respiration becomes increasingly problematic as the size of the organism reduces. Here, glucose uptake was compared to stop-flow respirometry as an alternative measure of metabolic rate more suitable to the small scale required for developmental studies. A Passing-Bablok regression revealed the rate of glucose uptake can be considered equivalent to oxygen consumption as a measure of metabolic rate in Danio rerio larvae within a 95% limit of agreement. Therefore, glucose uptake is a valid alternative to the gold-standard in small organisms where conventional respirometry is problematic.Summary statementThe rate of glucose uptake is a valid alternative to respirometry for metabolic rate measurements in small larval fish.

scholarly journals Cytochrome P450-dependent biotransformation capacities in embryonic, juvenile and adult stages of zebrafish (Danio rerio)—a state-of-the-art review

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ann-Kathrin Loerracher ◽  
Thomas Braunbeck
Keyword(s):  
Cytochrome P450 ◽  
Phase I ◽  
Mrna Expression ◽  
Danio Rerio ◽  
Developmental Stages ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Adverse Outcome Pathway ◽  
Zebrafish Embryos ◽  
Toxicological Studies ◽  
Cyp Isoforms

AbstractGiven the strong trend to implement zebrafish (Danio rerio) embryos as translational model not only in ecotoxicological, but also toxicological testing strategies, there is an increasing need for a better understanding of their capacity for xenobiotic biotransformation. With respect to the extrapolation of toxicological data from zebrafish embryos to other life stages or even other organisms, qualitative and quantitative differences in biotransformation pathways, above all in cytochrome P450-dependent (CYP) phase I biotransformation, may lead to over- or underestimation of the hazard and risk certain xenobiotic compounds may pose to later developmental stages or other species. This review provides a comprehensive state-of-the-art overview of the scientific knowledge on the development of the CYP1-4 families and corresponding phase I biotransformation and bioactivation capacities in zebrafish. A total of 68 publications dealing with spatiotemporal CYP mRNA expression patterns, activities towards mammalian CYP-probe substrates, bioactivation and detoxification activities, as well as metabolite profiling were analyzed and included in this review. The main results allow for the following conclusions: (1) Extensive work has been done to document mRNA expression of CYP isoforms from earliest embryonic stages of zebrafish, but juvenile and adult zebrafish have been largely neglected so far. (2) There is insufficient understanding of how sex- and developmental stage-related differences in expression levels of certain CYP isoforms may impact biotransformation and bioactivation capacities in the respective sexes and in different developmental stages of zebrafish. (3) Albeit qualitatively often identical, many studies revealed quantitative differences in metabolic activities of zebrafish embryos and later developmental stages. However, the actual relevance of age-related differences on the outcome of toxicological studies still needs to be clarified. (4) With respect to current remaining gaps, there is still an urgent need for further studies systematically assessing metabolic profiles and capacities of CYP isoforms in zebrafish. Given the increasing importance of Adverse Outcome Pathway (AOP) concepts, an improved understanding of CYP capacities appears essential for the interpretation and outcome of (eco)toxicological studies.

scholarly journals Aerobic and anaerobic metabolism for the zebrafish, Danio rerio, reared under normoxic and hypoxic conditions and exposed to acute hypoxia during development

2010 ◽  
Vol 70 (2) ◽  
pp. 425-434 ◽  
Author(s):  
WR Barrionuevo ◽  
MN Fernandes ◽  
O Rocha
Keyword(s):  
Danio Rerio ◽  
Anaerobic Metabolism ◽  
Developmental Stages ◽  
Acute Hypoxia ◽  
Lactate Concentration ◽  
Growth Delay ◽  
Hypoxic Conditions ◽  
Aerobic And Anaerobic ◽  
Mild Hypoxia

In order to verify the influence of chronic and acute ambient oxygen levels from egg to adult stage of the zebrafish, in vivo oxygen consumption (MO2), critical tensions of oxygen (Pcrit), heart rate (fH) and total body lactate concentration (Lc) were determined for Danio rerio (Hamilton, 1822) raised at 28 °C under normoxic (7.5 mgO2.L-1 or 80 mm.Hg-1) and hypoxic conditions (4.3 mgO2.L-1) and exposed to acute hypoxia during different developmental stages. Our findings confirmed that very early stages do not respond effectively to ambient acute hypoxia. However, after the stage corresponding to the age of 30 days, D. rerio was able to respond to acute hypoxia through effective physiological mechanisms involving aerobic and anaerobic metabolism. Such responses were more efficient for the fishes reared under hypoxia which showed that D. rerio survival capability increased during acclimation to mild hypoxia. Measurements of body mass and length showed that moderate hypoxia did not affect growth significantly until the fish reached the stage of 60 days. Moreover, a growth delay was verified for the hypoxic-reared animals. Also, the D. rerio eggs-to-larvae survival varied from 87.7 to 62.4% in animals reared under normoxia and mild hypoxia, respectively. However, the surviving animals raised under moderated hypoxia showed a better aptitude to regulate aerobic and anaerobic capacities when exposed to acute hypoxia.

Broad oxygen tolerance in the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans

2000 ◽  
Vol 203 (16) ◽  
pp. 2467-2478 ◽  
Author(s):  
W.A. Van Voorhies ◽  
S. Ward
Keyword(s):  
Caenorhabditis Elegans ◽  
Metabolic Rate ◽  
Developmental Stages ◽  
Small Body ◽  
Metabolic Cost ◽  
Soil Nematode ◽  
Nematode Caenorhabditis Elegans ◽  
Oxygen Levels ◽  
C Elegans ◽  
Short Period

This study examined the effects of oxygen tensions ranging from 0 to 90 kPa on the metabolic rate (rate of carbon dioxide production), movement and survivorship of the free-living soil nematode Caenorhabditis elegans. C. elegans requires oxygen to develop and survive. However, it can maintain a normal metabolic rate at oxygen levels of 3.6 kPa and has near-normal metabolic rates at oxygen levels as low as 2 kPa. The ability to withstand low ambient oxygen levels appears to be a consequence of the small body size of C. elegans, which allows diffusion to supply oxygen readily to the cells without requiring any specialized respiratory or metabolic adaptations. Thus, the small size of this organism pre-adapts C. elegans to living in soil environments that commonly become hypoxic. Movement in C. elegans appears to have a relatively minor metabolic cost. Several developmental stages of C. elegans were able to withstand up to 24 h of anoxia without major mortality. Longer periods of anoxia significantly increased mortality, particularly for eggs. Remarkably, long-term exposure to 100 % oxygen had no effect on the metabolic rate of C. elegans, and populations were able to survive for a least 50 generations in 100 % (90 kPa) oxygen. Such hyperoxic conditions are fatal to most organisms within a short period.

scholarly journals Mechanical roles of anterograde and retrograde intestinal peristalses after feeding in a larval fish (Danio rerio)

2020 ◽  
Vol 318 (6) ◽  
pp. G1013-G1021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kenji Kikuchi ◽  
Hyeongtak Noh ◽  
Keiko Numayama-Tsuruta ◽  
Takuji Ishikawa
Keyword(s):  
Nutrient Uptake ◽  
Danio Rerio ◽  
Larval Fish ◽  
Pressure Rise ◽  
Physical Parameters ◽  
Quantitative Evidence ◽  
Hydrodynamic Effects

Transport in gut is important, not only for digestion, metabolism, and nutrient uptake, but also for microbiotic circumstance; however, hydrodynamic effects in the intestine have not been fully clarified. We provide the first quantitative evidence of the mechanical roles of anterograde and retrograde intestinal peristalses in the larval fish of Danio rerio by adopting physical parameters of diffusivity and pressure rise. The intestine transitionally regulates mixing and pumping functions by peristaltic propagations after feeding.

Ketamine-induced oxidative stress at different developmental stages of zebrafish (Danio rerio) embryos

RSC Advances ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (66) ◽  
pp. 61254-61266 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luís M. Félix ◽  
Ana M. Vidal ◽  
Cindy Serafim ◽  
Ana M. Valentim ◽  
Luís M. Antunes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Developmental Stage ◽  
Danio Rerio ◽  
Antioxidant Defense ◽  
Developmental Stages ◽  
Antioxidant Defense System ◽  
Defense System ◽  
Gradual Development ◽  
Energy Sensing ◽  
Danio Rerio Embryos

The changes induced by ketamine exposure were developmental stage-dependent, and related with the gradual development of the antioxidant defense system of the embryo, which is dependent on changes in energy-sensing pathways.

Ontogenetic development of the otic region in the new model organism, Leucoraja erinacea (Chondrichthyes; Rajidae)

2018 ◽  
Vol 109 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 105-114 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cathrin PFAFF ◽  
Jürgen KRIWET ◽  
Kyle MARTIN ◽  
Zerina JOHANSON
Keyword(s):  
Soft Tissues ◽  
Developmental Stages ◽  
Model Organism ◽  
Model Organisms ◽  
Biological Research ◽  
Developmental Studies ◽  
Micro Computed Tomography ◽  
Computed Tomography Scanning ◽  
Cartilaginous Fishes ◽  
Tomography Scanning

ABSTRACTCartilaginous fishes have a long evolutionary history dating back 440 million years and include model organisms in a number of fields of biological research. However, comparative developmental studies of these organisms, particularly neuroanatomical investigations, still remain sparse. Here, pre-hatching to adult developmental stages of the Little Skate, Leucoraja erinacea, are investigated using micro-computed tomography scanning in conjunction with staining procedures designed to improve visualisation of soft tissues. Within the ear, the anatomy of the skeletal labyrinth changes during ontogeny and differs substantially from the underlying membranous system, contrary to previous observations in sharks. Additionally, substantial morphological remodelling characterises the parietal fossa, which appears initially as a massive and hook-like structure and subsequently becomes slender and surrounded by soft tissue. The sizes of the vestibular system and neurocranium increase isometrically from pre- to post-hatching phases, and then exponentially after the post-hatching stages.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document