scholarly journals Shaping nanoparticle diffusion through biological barriers to drug delivery

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benjamin J Lee ◽  
Yahya Cheema ◽  
Shahed Bader ◽  
Gregg A Duncan
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Extracellular Matrix ◽  
Drug Delivery Systems ◽  
Fluorescent Microscopy ◽  
Delivery Systems ◽  
Design Criterion ◽  
Target Cells ◽  
Biological Barriers ◽  
Shaped Nanoparticles ◽  
Nanoparticle Diffusion

Nanoparticle drug delivery systems encounter many biological barriers, such as the extracellular matrix and mucus gels, that they must bypass to gain access to target cells. A design parameter that has recently gained attention is nanoparticle shape, as it has been shown elongated rod shaped nanoparticles achieve higher diffusion rates through biological gels. However, the optimal dimensions of rod shaped nanoparticles to enhance this effect has yet to be established. To systematically approach this, rod-shaped nanoparticles were synthesized by mechanically stretching 100 nm, 200 nm, and 500 nm spherical nanoparticles. Transmission electron microscopy confirmed this procedure yields a significant fraction of elongated rods and remaining spheres could be removed by centrifugation. Fluorescent microscopy and multiple particle tracking analysis was then used to characterize rod-shaped and spherical nanoparticle diffusion in MaxGel, a model extracellular matrix hydrogel. When dispersed in MaxGel, we found rod-shaped nanoparticles exhibited the greatest enhancement in diffusion rate when their length far exceeds the average hydrogel network size. These results further establish the importance of shape as a design criterion to improve nanoparticle based drug delivery systems.

The use of TPGS in drug delivery systems to overcome biological barriers

2021 ◽  
Vol 142 ◽  
pp. 110129
Author(s):  
Marcela Tavares Luiz ◽  
Leonardo Delello Di Filippo ◽  
Renata Carolina Alves ◽  
Victor Hugo Sousa Araújo ◽  
Jonatas Lobato Duarte ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Drug Delivery Systems ◽  
Delivery Systems ◽  
Biological Barriers

scholarly journals Active Targeting Strategies Using Biological Ligands for Nanoparticle Drug Delivery Systems

Cancers ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 640 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jihye Yoo ◽  
Changhee Park ◽  
Gawon Yi ◽  
Donghyun Lee ◽  
Heebeom Koo
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Surface Modification ◽  
Small Molecules ◽  
Drug Delivery Systems ◽  
Delivery Systems ◽  
Active Targeting ◽  
Target Cells ◽  
Specific Receptors ◽  
Nanoparticle Drug Delivery

Targeting nanoparticle (NP) carriers to sites of disease is critical for their successful use as drug delivery systems. Along with optimization of physicochemical properties, researchers have focused on surface modification of NPs with biological ligands. Such ligands can bind specific receptors on the surface of target cells. Furthermore, biological ligands can facilitate uptake of modified NPs, which is referred to as ‘active targeting’ of NPs. In this review, we discuss recent applications of biological ligands including proteins, polysaccharides, aptamers, peptides, and small molecules for NP-mediated drug delivery. We prioritized studies that have demonstrated targeting in animals over in vitro studies. We expect that this review will assist biomedical researchers working with NPs for drug delivery and imaging.

scholarly journals Nano Carrier Drug Delivery Systems for the Treatment of Neuropsychiatric Disorders: Advantages and Limitations

Molecules ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (22) ◽  
pp. 5294 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yana Zorkina ◽  
Olga Abramova ◽  
Valeriya Ushakova ◽  
Anna Morozova ◽  
Eugene Zubkov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Drug Delivery Systems ◽  
Neuropsychiatric Disorders ◽  
Delivery Systems ◽  
Target Cells ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Experimental Drugs ◽  
Neuropsychiatric Diseases

Neuropsychiatric diseases are one of the main causes of disability, affecting millions of people. Various drugs are used for its treatment, although no effective therapy has been found yet. The blood brain barrier (BBB) significantly complicates drugs delivery to the target cells in the brain tissues. One of the problem-solving methods is the usage of nanocontainer systems. In this review we summarized the data about nanoparticles drug delivery systems and their application for the treatment of neuropsychiatric disorders. Firstly, we described and characterized types of nanocarriers: inorganic nanoparticles, polymeric and lipid nanocarriers, their advantages and disadvantages. We discussed ways to interact with nerve tissue and methods of BBB penetration. We provided a summary of nanotechnology-based pharmacotherapy of schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, depression, anxiety disorder and Alzheimer’s disease, where development of nanocontainer drugs derives the most active. We described various experimental drugs for the treatment of Alzheimer’s disease that include vector nanocontainers targeted on β-amyloid or tau-protein. Integrally, nanoparticles can substantially improve the drug delivery as its implication can increase BBB permeability, the pharmacodynamics and bioavailability of applied drugs. Thus, nanotechnology is anticipated to overcome the limitations of existing pharmacotherapy of psychiatric disorders and to effectively combine various treatment modalities in that direction.

Macromolecular engineering and stimulus response in the design of advanced drug delivery systems

MRS Bulletin ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 35 (9) ◽  
pp. 665-672 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christine Jérôme
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Drug Delivery Systems ◽  
Colloidal Particles ◽  
Polymeric Micelles ◽  
Complex Structure ◽  
Delivery Systems ◽  
Target Cells ◽  
Amphiphilic Copolymers ◽  
Stimuli Responsive ◽  
Research Activity

Extensive research activity is currently devoted to controlled drug delivery systems, mainly as nano-sized particles. Although biocompatible and (bio)degradable polymers play a key role in this field, their shaping into colloidal particles (e.g., polymeric micelles and nanoparticles) usually requires the proper design of amphiphilic copolymers as effective stabilizers. Strategies for synthesizing these copolymers that preserve the intrinsic properties of the constitutive polymers are discussed in this article. Synthesis of amphiphilic copolymers with a more complex structure and endowed with functionality is also considered, with the purpose of enhancing the performance of the nanocarriers. The focus is increasingly on nanocarriers of the third generation, which resist coalescence and elimination by the immune system, and which are readily incorporated into chosen target cells. The more recent quest is for smart nanocarriers that exhibit the additional capacity of being stimuli-responsive.

scholarly journals Erythrocytes and Nanoparticles: New Therapeutic Systems

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 2173
Author(s):  
Clara Guido ◽  
Gabriele Maiorano ◽  
Carmen Gutiérrez-Millán ◽  
Barbara Cortese ◽  
Adriana Trapani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Drug Delivery Systems ◽  
Hybrid Approach ◽  
Drug Carriers ◽  
Delivery Systems ◽  
Target Cells ◽  
Preparation Methods ◽  
Medical Practitioners ◽  
Surface Receptors ◽  
Wide Range

Nano-delivery systems represent one of the most studied fields, thanks to the associated improvement in the treatment of human diseases. The functionality of nanostructures is a crucial point, which the effectiveness of nanodrugs depends on. A hybrid approach strategy using synthetic nanoparticles (NPs) and erythrocytes offers an optimal blend of natural and synthetic materials. This, in turn, allows medical practitioners to exploit the combined advantages of erythrocytes and NPs. Erythrocyte-based drug delivery systems have been investigated for their biocompatibility, as well as the long circulation time allowed by specific surface receptors that inhibit immune clearance. In this review, we will discuss several methods—whole erythrocytes as drug carriers, red blood cell membrane-camouflaged nanoparticles and nano-erythrosomes (NERs)—while paying attention to their application and specific preparation methods. The ability to target cells makes erythrocytes excellent drug delivery systems. They can carry a wide range of therapeutic molecules while also acting as bioreactors; thus, they have many applications in therapy and in the diagnosis of many diseases.

scholarly journals Transporter-Targeted Nano-Sized Vehicles for Enhanced and Site-Specific Drug Delivery

Cancers ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (10) ◽  
pp. 2837 ◽  
Author(s):  
Longfa Kou ◽  
Qing Yao ◽  
Hailin Zhang ◽  
Maoping Chu ◽  
Yangzom D. Bhutia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Plasma Membrane ◽  
Blood Brain Barrier ◽  
Drug Delivery Systems ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Delivery Systems ◽  
Target Cells ◽  
Specific Cell ◽  
Site Specific ◽  
Nano Drug Delivery

Nano-devices are recognized as increasingly attractive to deliver therapeutics to target cells. The specificity of this approach can be improved by modifying the surface of the delivery vehicles such that they are recognized by the target cells. In the past, cell-surface receptors were exploited for this purpose, but plasma membrane transporters also hold similar potential. Selective transporters are often highly expressed in biological barriers (e.g., intestinal barrier, blood–brain barrier, and blood–retinal barrier) in a site-specific manner, and play a key role in the vectorial transfer of nutrients. Similarly, selective transporters are also overexpressed in the plasma membrane of specific cell types under pathological states to meet the biological needs demanded by such conditions. Nano-drug delivery systems could be strategically modified to make them recognizable by these transporters to enhance the transfer of drugs across the biological barriers or to selectively expose specific cell types to therapeutic drugs. Here, we provide a comprehensive review and detailed evaluation of the recent advances in the field of transporter-targeted nano-drug delivery systems. We specifically focus on areas related to intestinal absorption, transfer across blood–brain barrier, tumor-cell selective targeting, ocular drug delivery, identification of the transporters appropriate for this purpose, and details of the rationale for the approach.

scholarly journals Non-Invasive Drug Delivery Systems

Pharmaceutics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 611
Author(s):  
Driton Vllasaliu
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Drug Administration ◽  
Drug Delivery Systems ◽  
Delivery Systems ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Biological Barriers ◽  
Mucosal Surfaces ◽  
Administration Methods

Non-invasive drug delivery generally refers to painless drug administration methods involving drug delivery across the biological barriers of the mucosal surfaces or the skin [...]

scholarly journals Engineering Smart Targeting Nanovesicles and Their Combination with Hydrogels for Controlled Drug Delivery

Pharmaceutics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (9) ◽  
pp. 849 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kamil Elkhoury ◽  
Polen Koçak ◽  
Alex Kang ◽  
Elmira Arab-Tehrany ◽  
Jennifer Ellis Ward ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Drug Delivery Systems ◽  
Cell Communication ◽  
Controlled Drug Delivery ◽  
Delivery Systems ◽  
Bioactive Molecules ◽  
Target Cells ◽  
Routes Of Administration ◽  
Hydrogel Matrix

Smart engineered and naturally derived nanovesicles, capable of targeting specific tissues and cells and delivering bioactive molecules and drugs into them, are becoming important drug delivery systems. Liposomes stand out among different types of self-assembled nanovesicles, because of their amphiphilicity and non-toxic nature. By modifying their surfaces, liposomes can become stimulus-responsive, releasing their cargo on demand. Recently, the recognized role of exosomes in cell-cell communication and their ability to diffuse through tissues to find target cells have led to an increase in their usage as smart delivery systems. Moreover, engineering “smarter” delivery systems can be done by creating hybrid exosome-liposome nanocarriers via membrane fusion. These systems can be loaded in naturally derived hydrogels to achieve sustained and controlled drug delivery. Here, the focus is on evaluating the smart behavior of liposomes and exosomes, the fabrication of hybrid exosome-liposome nanovesicles, and the controlled delivery and routes of administration of a hydrogel matrix for drug delivery systems.

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