scholarly journals Antifungal activity of Conocephalum conicum(L) Dumort. (Marchantiophyta) against Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kavita Negi ◽  
Preeti Chaturvedi
Keyword(s):  
Antifungal Activity ◽  
Fusarium Oxysporum ◽  
Methanol Extract ◽  
Antifungal Compounds ◽  
Disc Diffusion ◽  
Conocephalum Conicum ◽  
Organic Extracts ◽  
High Antifungal Activity ◽  
Broth Dilution ◽  
Production Losses

Tomato, a high valuevegetable crop, suffers huge production losses in tropics due to a wilt disease caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici . Present study was undertaken to find an effective biocontrol method to check fusarium wilt in order to curb the losses suffered by the crop growers. Organic extracts(acetone, methanol/ethanol) of thalloid bryophytes ( Conocephalumconicum (L.) Dumort. and Marchantiapapillata Raddi subsp. grossibarba (Steph.) Bischl. ) were tested against F. oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici using disc diffusion and micro broth dilution assay.Methanol extract of C.conicum (L.) Dumort. (CCDM) showed significantly high antifungal activity (85.5% mycelial inhibition; 31.25µg/mL MIC and 125µg/mL MFC).Potential of methanol extract was und, Riccardin C constituting 50% of the total number of compoundstested in a glasshouse experiment on tomato, which illustrated the efficacy of the plant extract to control the fusarial wilt. Morphological and ultrastructural alterationsin CCDM treated fusarium myceliawere observed in scanning electron microscopy. GC-MS analysis of CCDM extract showed the presence of51 constituents, and the dominant compounds werebis (bibenzyl), acyclic alkanes, fatty acids, sesquiterpenpoids and steroids. The study suggested that C. conicum being an efficient source of Riccardin C like antifungal compounds provides a potent and eco-friendly alternative to conventional fungicides in vegetables.

scholarly journals Antibacterial Activities ofGinkgo bilobaL. Leaf Extracts

2011 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
pp. 2237-2242 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. C. Sati ◽  
Savita Joshi
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Methanol Extract ◽  
Antibacterial Activities ◽  
Erwinia Chrysanthemi ◽  
Disc Diffusion ◽  
Zone Of Inhibition ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Hexane Extracts ◽  
Broth Dilution

The antibacterial activity of methanol, ethanol, chloroform, and hexane extracts of the leaves of Himalayan gymnospermous plantGinkgo bilobaL. was assessed against five animal and plant pathogenic strains (Agrobacterium tumefaciens, Bacillus subtilis, Escherichia coli, Erwinia chrysanthemi, and Xanthomonas phaseoli) employing disc-diffusion and broth-dilution assays. The methanol extract showed the highest activity (zone of inhibition of 15–21 mm) followed by ethanol (14–19 mm), chloroform (15–20 mm), and hexane (14–19 mm) extracts at 250 μg/mL. A minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of 7.8 μg/mL was found for the methanol extract against most of the pathogens tested.

scholarly journals Impact of aqueous and organic extracts of Rhodobryum roseum on inhibition of fungal and bacterial growth

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (1&2) ◽  
pp. 151-161
Author(s):  
Shivom Singh ◽  
Kajal Srivastava Rathore ◽  
D.R. Khanna
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Methanol Extract ◽  
Time Intervals ◽  
Organic Extract ◽  
Dilution Assay ◽  
Organic Extracts ◽  
The Rich ◽  
Bacteria And Fungi ◽  
Broth Dilution ◽  
Mic Value

Mosses have been known for millennia and highly esteemed all over the world as the rich source of bioactive compounds. The research targets on evolution of microbicidal potentialities of Rhodobryum roseum (extract) used against selected fungus (X. oryzae pv oryzae, S. enteric, P. multocida and M. plutonius) and bacteria (R. solani, S. rolfsii, F. oxysporum and T. indica) to assay antimicrobial activity. Impact of aqueous and undertaken organic viz., ethanol, acetone, choloform, petroleum ether, methanol extract of R. roseum, at varied concentrations and at different time intervals were examined against the growth of bacteria and fungus. All the aqueous extracts were proved to be infective against all the tested pathogens. The antimicrobial potential of six extracts was screened against undertaken bacteria and fungi using micro broth dilution assay. Out of the six (diverse organic and aqueous) extract of R. roseum in ethanol and acetone showed maximum inhibitory activity in S. rolfsii with the MIC value of 5.00 (µg/ml),  along with MFC value of 6.25 (µg/ml) in acetone extract and the value of MBC was recorded utmost in X. oryzae with value 3.00 (µg/ml) extracted in ethanol. Over all, the organic extract of R. roseum has potent antimicrobial activity and could be possible source of lead molecules considered for the future development of microbicidal agent.

scholarly journals Novel Inulin Derivatives Modified with Schiff Bases: Synthesis, Characterization, and Antifungal Activity

Polymers ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 998 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuan Chen ◽  
Yingqi Mi ◽  
Xueqi Sun ◽  
Jingjing Zhang ◽  
Qing Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antifungal Activity ◽  
Fusarium Oxysporum ◽  
Schiff Bases ◽  
Plant Pathogens ◽  
Mycelium Growth ◽  
Plant Disease Control ◽  
Mycelium Growth Rate ◽  
Rate Method ◽  
Phomopsis Asparagi ◽  
High Antifungal Activity

In this paper, we report chemical modifications of inulin by seven kinds of aromatic Schiff bases, which are different from their substituent groups. The obtained inulin derivatives were confirmed by FTIR, 1H NMR, and 13C NMR. Then, we studied their antifungal activity against four kinds of plant pathogens involving Botrytis cinerea, Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cucumerium Owen, Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. niveum, and Phomopsis asparagi by the mycelium growth rate method. The results revealed that all inulin derivatives were endowed with significant antifungal activity compared to inulin. Among them, 6-amino-(N-4-chlorobenzylidene)-6-deoxy-3,4-di-O-acetyl inulin (4CBSAIL) and 6-amino-(N-3,4-dichlorobenzylidene)-6-deoxy-3,4-di-O-acetyl inulin (3,4DCBSAIL), which were synthesized from p-chlorobenzaldehyde and 3,4-dichlorobenzaldehyde, could completely inhibit the growth of the test fungi at 1.0 mg/mL. The inhibitory indices of the inulin derivatives were related to the type, position, and number of substituent groups (halogens) on the Schiff bases. The results confirmed that it was feasible to chemically modify inulin with Schiff bases to confer high antifungal activity to inulin. The products described in this paper have great potential as alternatives to some harmful pesticides used for plant disease control.

scholarly journals Antibacterial and antifungal activity of the liverwort (Ptilidium pulcherrimum) methanol extract

2010 ◽  
Vol 62 (2) ◽  
pp. 381-385 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Veljic ◽  
Ana Ciric ◽  
Marina Sokovic ◽  
P. Janackovic ◽  
P.D. Marin
Keyword(s):  
Antifungal Activity ◽  
Methanol Extract ◽  
Trichoderma Viride ◽  
Fungal Species ◽  
Disc Diffusion ◽  
Antibacterial And Antifungal Activity ◽  
Microdilution Method ◽  
In Vitro Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Antibacterial And Antifungal

The antimicrobial activity of the methanol extract from the liverwort, Ptilidium pulcherrimum was evaluated against five bacterial and six fungal species. In vitro antibacterial activity was assessed by disc diffusion and microdilution methods. The extract showed a stronger effect against tested Gram (+) than Gram (-) bacteria. The antifungal activity of the methanol extract was tested using a microdilution method. The methanol extract showed strong antifungal activity. The best antifungal activity was achieved against Trichoderma viride compared to the synthetic fungicide bifonazol.

scholarly journals Antimicrobial, antioxidant and cytotoxic properties of Chenopodium glaucum L.

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (10) ◽  
pp. e0255502
Author(s):  
Safi Ullah Khan ◽  
Faizan Ullah ◽  
Sultan Mehmood ◽  
Shah Fahad ◽  
Arsalan Ahmad Rahi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antifungal Activity ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Methanol Extract ◽  
Inhibition Zone ◽  
Hexane Extract ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Methanol Extracts ◽  
Organic Extracts ◽  
Minor Compounds

We evaluated phytochemical composition, antibacterial, antifungal, anti-oxidant and cytotoxic properties of aqueous (water) and organic extracts (methanol, ethyl acetate and n-hexane) of Chenopodium glaucum. Highest phenolic content 45 mg gallic acid equivalents (GAE)/g d.w was found in aqueous extract followed by ethyl acetate (41mg GAE/g d.w) and methanol extract (34.46 mg GAE/g d.w). Antibacterial potential of aqueous and organic extracts of C. glaucum was examined against Acinetobacter baumannii, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus epidermidis. The aqueous, methanolic, ethyl acetate, and n-hexane extract showed antibacterial activity against A. baumannii, K. pneumoniae, E. coli and S. epidermidis. However, against A. baumannii significantly higher inhibition zone (19 mm and 18.96 mm respectively) was shown by ethyl acetate and methanol extracts. Aqueous extract possessed highest growth inhibition (11 mm) against E. coli. Aqueous, ethyl acetate and methanol extracts showed 9 mm, 10 mm, and 10.33 mm zone of inhibition against the K. pneumoniae. For antifungal activity, the extracts were less effective against Aspergillus niger but showed strong antifungal activity against Aspergillus flavus (A. flavus). The antioxidant activity was measured as DPPH (2, 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl), H2O2 and ABTS (2, 2’-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) scavenging activity of free radicals. All the organic extracts of C. glaucum possessed ABTS, DPPH and H2O2 scavenging properties. The highest cytotoxic activity measured as half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) against human lungs carcinoma cells was recorded for methanolic (IC50 = 16 μg/mL) and n-hexane (IC50 = 25 μg/mL) extracts, respectively. The Gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis showed 4 major and 26 minor compounds in n-hexane extract and 4 major and 7 minor compounds in methanol extract of the C. glaucum. It is concluded that aqueous and organic extracts of C. glaucum would be potential therapeutic agents and could be exploited on a pilot scale to treat human pathogenic diseases.

scholarly journals The newly synthesized thiazole derivatives as potential antifungal compounds against Candida albicans

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Biernasiuk ◽  
Anna Berecka-Rycerz ◽  
Anna Gumieniczek ◽  
Maria Malm ◽  
Krzysztof Z. Łączkowski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Antifungal Activity ◽  
Cell Membrane ◽  
Mode Of Action ◽  
Thiazole Derivatives ◽  
Fungal Cell ◽  
Erythrocyte Lysis ◽  
Low Cytotoxicity ◽  
High Antifungal Activity

Abstract Recently, the occurrence of candidiasis has increased dramatically, especially in immunocompromised patients. Additionally, their treatment is often ineffective due to the resistance of yeasts to antimycotics. Therefore, there is a need to search for new antifungals. A series of nine newly synthesized thiazole derivatives containing the cyclopropane system, showing promising activity against Candida spp., has been further investigated. We decided to verify their antifungal activity towards clinical Candida albicans isolated from the oral cavity of patients with hematological malignancies and investigate the mode of action on fungal cell, the effect of combination with the selected antimycotics, toxicity to erythrocytes, and lipophilicity. These studies were performed by the broth microdilution method, test with sorbitol and ergosterol, checkerboard technique, erythrocyte lysis assay, and reversed phase thin-layer chromatography, respectively. All derivatives showed very strong activity (similar and even higher than nystatin) against all C. albicans isolates with minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) = 0.008–7.81 µg/mL Their mechanism of action may be related to action within the fungal cell wall structure and/or within the cell membrane. The interactions between the derivatives and the selected antimycotics (nystatin, chlorhexidine, and thymol) showed additive effect only in the case of combination some of them and thymol. The erythrocyte lysis assay confirmed the low cytotoxicity of these compounds as compared to nystatin. The high lipophilicity of the derivatives was related with their high antifungal activity. The present studies confirm that the studied thiazole derivatives containing the cyclopropane system appear to be a very promising group of compounds in treatment of infections caused by C. albicans. However, this requires further studies in vivo. Key points • The newly thiazoles showed high antifungal activity and some of them — additive effect in combination with thymol. • Their mode of action may be related with the influence on the structure of the fungal cell wall and/or the cell membrane. • The low cytotoxicity against erythrocytes and high lipophilicity of these derivatives are their additional good properties. Graphical abstract

Evaluating the Antifungal Activity of α-Bisabolol in Association with NaCl on Fusarium oxysporum in Maize Grains

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
César A. C. de Medeiros ◽  
Ânderson de V. Pinto ◽  
Josenildo C. de Oliveira ◽  
Gezaíldo S. Silva ◽  
Juliana M. M. Arrua ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antifungal Activity ◽  
Fusarium Oxysporum

scholarly journals Antimicrobial and antioxidant potentials of non-cytotoxic extracts of corticolous lichens sampled in Armenia

AMB Express ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Razmik Sargsyan ◽  
Arsen Gasparyan ◽  
Gohar Tadevosyan ◽  
Hovik Panosyan
Keyword(s):  
Antifungal Activity ◽  
Methanol Extract ◽  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Cytotoxic Activities ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Evernia Prunastri ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Antibacterial And Antifungal ◽  
Acetone Extracts

AbstractDue to wide range of secondary metabolites, lichens were used from antiquity as sources of colorants, perfumes and medicaments. This research focuses on exploring the antioxidant, antimicrobial and cytotoxic activities of methanol, ethanol, acetone extracts and aqueous infusions of corticolous lichens sampled from Armenia. Methanol, ethanol and acetone extracts from all tested lichens were active against Gram-positive bacterial strains. The most effective solvent to retrieve antimicrobial compounds was methanol. Aqueous infusions of tested lichens didn’t show any significant antibacterial and antifungal activity. The highest antimicrobial activity was observed for methanol extract of Ramalina sinensis. The minimum inhibitory concentration of methanol extract of Ramalina sinensis were 0.9–1.8 mg mL− 1. Pseudevernia furfuracea demonstrated antifungal activity (Ø 12 mm). Methanol extract of Parmelia sulcata demonstrated largest 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl-hydrazil (DPPH) radical scavenging activity (71 %). The cytotoxicity was measured on human HeLa (cervical carcinoma) cell lines using microculture tetrazolium test assay. The IC50 values estimated for methanol extracts of Peltigera praetextata, Evernia prunastri, Ramalina sinensis and Ramalina farinacea species in HeLa cell line were within 1.8–2.8 mg mL− 1 and considered as non-cytotoxic. Obtained results suggest that studied lichens can be prospective in biotechnologies as alternative sources of antimicrobial and antioxidant substances.

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