COVID19 vaccine type and humoral immune response in patients receiving dialysis

Background Patients on dialysis vaccinated with the attenuated adenovirus SARS-CoV-2 vaccine might mount an impaired response to vaccination. Methods We evaluated the humoral vaccination response among 2,099 fully vaccinated patients receiving dialysis. We used commercially available assays (Siemens) to assess prevalence of no response or diminished response to COVID-19 vaccination by vaccine type. We defined no seroconversion as lack of change from negative to positive in total RBD Ig antibody, no detectable response on semiquantitative RBD IgG antibody (index value <1) as no RBD IgG response, and a semiquantitative RBD IgG index value <10 as diminished RBD IgG response Results Of the 2,099 fully vaccinated patients on dialysis, the proportion receiving the mRNA1273, BNT162b2, and Ad26.COV2.S were 62% (n=1316), 20% (n=416) and 18% (n=367), respectively. A third (33.3%) of patients receiving the attenuated adenovirus Ad26.COV2.S vaccine failed to seroconvert and an additional 36% had no detectable or diminished IgG response even 28-60 days post vaccination. Conclusions One in three fully vaccinated patients receiving dialysis had evidence of an impaired immune response to the attenuated adenovirus Ad26.COV2.S vaccine.

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Antibody persistency and trend post-SARS-CoV-2 infection at eight months

10.1101/2020.11.21.20236117 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Puya Dehgani-Mobaraki ◽

Asiya Kamber Zaidi ◽

Annamaria Porreca ◽

Alessandro Floridi ◽

Emanuela Floridi

Keyword(s):

Immune Response ◽

Disease Severity ◽

Post Infection ◽

Diagnostic Tests ◽

Severe Infection ◽

Igg Antibody ◽

Humoral Immune ◽

Real Time Quantitative Pcr ◽

Antibody Titres ◽

Analytical System

AbstractAn improved understanding of the immunity offered by the antibodies developed against SARS-CoV-2 is critical for the development of diagnostic tests and vaccines. Our study aimed at the longitudinal analysis of antibody presence, persistence and its trend over a period of eight months in a group of COVID-19 recovered patients who tested positive by real-time quantitative PCR for SARS-CoV-2 in the period between the 18th and 30th of March, 2020. The subjects were divided into two groups based on disease severity: mild and moderately-severe. The MAGLUMI 2019-nCoV lgM/lgG chemiluminescent analytical system (CLIA) assay was used to analyse the antibody titres. Robust IgG antibody persistency was demonstrated in 76.7 % of the subjects (23 out of 30) at eight months post-infection. The results of this study highlight an important point in terms of the association between humoral immune response and disease severity. Patients who might have experienced a relatively moderate-severe infection may develop a robust immunity that could persist for a longer duration.

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Identification of Immunogenic Antigens of Naegleria fowleri Adjuvanted by Cholera Toxin

Pathogens ◽

10.3390/pathogens9060460 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 9 (6) ◽

pp. 460

Author(s):

Saúl Rojas-Hernández ◽

Mara Gutiérrez-Sánchez ◽

Diego Alexander Rojas-Ortega ◽

Patricia Bonilla-Lemus ◽

Arturo Contis-Montes de Oca ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Immune Response ◽

Survival Rate ◽

Cholera Toxin ◽

Intranasal Administration ◽

Naegleria Fowleri ◽

Igg Antibody ◽

Western Blot Assay ◽

Humoral Immune ◽

The Third ◽

Nægleria Fowleri

The intranasal administration of Naegleria fowleri lysates plus cholera toxin (CT) increases protection against N. fowleri meningoencephalitis in mice, suggesting that humoral immune response mediated by antibodies is crucial to induce protection against the infection. In the present study, we applied a protein analysis to detect and identify immunogenic antigens from N. fowleri, which might be responsible for such protection. A Western blot assay of N. fowleri polypeptides was performed using the serum and nasal washes from mice immunized with N. fowleri lysates, either alone or with CT after one, two, three, or four weekly immunizations and challenged with trophozoites of N. fowleri. Immunized mice with N. fowleri plus CT, after four doses, had the highest survival rate (100%). Nasal or sera IgA and IgG antibody response was progressively stronger as the number of immunizations was increased, and that response was mainly directed to 250, 100, 70, 50, 37, and 19 kDa polypeptide bands, especially in the third and fourth immunization. Peptides present in these immunogenic bands were matched by nano-LC–ESI-MSMS with different proteins, which could serve as candidates for a vaccine against N. fowleri infection.

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Effect of ampicillin and chloroquine on humoral immune response elicited by bovine albumin encapsulated in liposomes

Acta Pharmaceutica ◽

10.2478/v10007-008-0026-z ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 58 (4) ◽

pp. 479-487 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Jitender Madan ◽

Dinesh Kaushik ◽

Satish Sardana ◽

Dina Mishra ◽

Shalinder Singh ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Immune Response ◽

Drug Interaction ◽

Antibody Titre ◽

Humoral Immune Response ◽

Entrapment Efficiency ◽

Molar Ratio ◽

Igg Antibody ◽

Bovine Albumin ◽

Humoral Immune

Effect of ampicillin and chloroquine on humoral immune response elicited by bovine albumin encapsulated in liposomesImmune suppression resulting from chemoprophylaxis and potential drug interaction were investigated in experimental animals pre-medicated with ampicillin and chloroquine followed by immunization with bovine serum albumin bearing liposomes prepared by the reverse phase evaporation method. The prepared liposomes were evaluated for particle size, entrapment efficiency andin vitrorelease. Humoral immune response was measured in terms of systemic IgG antibody titre by the ELISA method. The present study showed that 7:3 molar ratio of soya phosphatidylcholine and cholesterol produced liposomes of mean diameter of 235.4 ± 10.3 nm and entrapment efficiency of 41.3 ± 3.2%. Ampicillin significantly (p< 0.05) decreased the antibody titre whereas chloroquine did not reduce the antibody titre significantly. The study will help in programming a new drug management and in characterization of vaccine-drug interaction.

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Serological response of commercial dairy cattle to inactivated foot-and-mouth disease vaccine (type-O & A) in Nigeria

Asian Journal of Medical and Biological Research ◽

10.3329/ajmbr.v1i2.25606 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 1 (2) ◽

pp. 163-168 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

David Dazhia Lazarus ◽

Yiltawe Simwal Wungak ◽

Mohammed Ignatius Adah ◽

John Okpapi Ibu ◽

Jerry Ngutor Abenga ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Immune Response ◽

Dairy Cattle ◽

Solid Phase ◽

Foot And Mouth Disease ◽

Mouth Disease ◽

Serological Response ◽

Post Vaccination ◽

Vaccine Type ◽

Foot And Mouth ◽

The Mean

An observational study was conducted in a peri-urban dairy establishment in Jos South, Plateau State Nigeria to determine immune response of dairy cattle to commercial inactivated foot-and-mouth disease vaccine serotypes (O and A). Thirty seven Friesian cattle aged ?2years old with their crosses (15 selected pre-vaccination and 22 selected 21 days post-vaccination) were investigated for immune response to vaccination with an inactivated trivalent FMD vaccine containing serotypes O, A and SAT 2). Sera collected on day 0 pre-vaccination and 21 days post-vaccination was tested for structural protein antibodies to FMD serotypes O and A using the Solid Phase Competitive ELISA assay. The mean OD value for serum end point titre of FMD serotype O pre-vaccination was 11.64% with 6.67% (95%CI: 0.33 28.73) of the selected cattle being seropositive, at 21 days post-vaccination the mean OD value in selected cattle was 52.83% with 68.18% (95%CI: 46.95 84.89) of the selected cattle seropositive. For the FMD serotype A, 26.67% (95%CI: 9.10 52.53) of the selected cattle were seropositive pre-vaccination with a mean OD value of 29.21% and by 21 days post-vaccination, 72.73% (95%CI: 51.67 88.13) of the selected cattle were seropositive with a mean OD value of 61.70%. Serological response to vaccination improved in most selected cattle by 21 days post-vaccination. This study result has indicated that commercial inactivated FMD vaccines used for the prophylactic control of FMD in commercial dairy farm in Nigeria provoked immune response after a single shot.Asian J. Med. Biol. Res. June 2015, 1(2): 163-168

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Humoral Immune Response Associated with Lyme Borreliosis in Nonhuman Primates: Analysis by Immunoblotting and Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay with Sonicates or Recombinant Proteins

Clinical and Vaccine Immunology ◽

10.1128/cdli.9.6.1348-1355.2002 ◽

2002 ◽

Vol 9 (6) ◽

pp. 1348-1355 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

A. R. Pachner ◽

D. Dail ◽

L. Li ◽

L. Gurey ◽

S. Feng ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Immune Response ◽

Antibody Response ◽

Lyme Borreliosis ◽

Recombinant Proteins ◽

Diagnostic Testing ◽

Sensu Stricto ◽

Immunoglobulin M ◽

Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽

Igg Antibody ◽

Humoral Immune

ABSTRACT The immune response to Borrelia burgdorferi, the causative agent of Lyme disease, is complex. We studied the immunoglobulin M (IgM) and IgG antibody response to N40Br, a sensu stricto strain, in the rhesus macaque(nonhuman primate [NHP]) model of infection to identify the spirochetal protein targets of specific antibody. Antigens used in enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays were whole-cell sonicates of the spirochete and recombinant proteins of B. burgdorferi. Immunoblotting with a commercially available strip and subsequent quantitative densitometry of the bands were also used. Sera from four different groups of NHPs were used: immunocompetent, transiently immunosuppressed, extended immunosuppressed, and uninfected. In immunocompetent and transiently immunosuppressed NHPs, there was a strong IgM and IgG response. Major proteins for the early IgM response were P39 and P41 and recombinant BmpA and OspC. Major proteins for the later IgG response were P39, P41, P18, P60, P66, and recombinant BmpA and DbpA. There was no significant response in the NHPs to recombinant OspA or to Arp, a 37-kDa protein that elicits an antibody response during infection in mice. Most antibody responses, except for that to DbpA, were markedly diminished by prolonged dexamethasone treatment. This study supports the hypothesis that recombinant proteins may provide a useful adjunct to current diagnostic testing for Lyme borreliosis.

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Humoral Immune Response in Japanese Acute Hepatitis Patients with Hepatitis C Virus Infection

Canadian Journal of Gastroenterology ◽

10.1155/2000/248139 ◽

2000 ◽

Vol 14 (7) ◽

pp. 593-598 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

N Yamaguchi ◽

K Tokushige ◽

K Yamauchi ◽

N Hayashi

Keyword(s):

Immune Response ◽

Hepatitis C Virus ◽

Hepatitis C ◽

Acute Hepatitis ◽

Humoral Immune Response ◽

Core Protein ◽

Acute Infection ◽

Hcv Rna ◽

Igg Antibody ◽

Humoral Immune

The humoral immune response to acute infection by hepatitis C virus (HCV) is not yet perfectly clear in terms of immunoglobulin (Ig) response, diversity of HCV antigen, and the relation with hepatitis severity and antibody response. Serum IgM and IgG anti-HCV levels in patients with HCV and either acute hepatitis (AH) or fulminant hepatitis (FH) were investigated; the diversity of HCV antigen was investigated by RIBA test III. Of 22 AH patients, 12 (54.5%) were positive for IgM anti-HCV, mainly reacting to HCV core protein. The mean interval until the appearance of IgM anti-HCV after onset was 24.1±26.2 days. IgG anti-HCV mainly reacted to both core and NS-3 antigen, appearing 42.6±42.1 days after onset. From a serial study of 15 AH patients, it was considered that in seven AH patients (46.7%), the IgM response would precede the IgG response. In another two AH patients, IgM anti-HCV was not detected during the acute disease phase. Of 48 chronic hepatitis patients with HCV-RNA, 40 patients were positive for IgM anti-HCV. Therefore, IgM anti-HCV was useful for diagnosis in some of the AH patients, but it was difficult to use for distinguishing between acute and chronic infection. All four FH patients with HCV-RNA were positive for both IgM and IgG antibody to HCV at onset. Their antibody titres were higher than those of AH patients. These results suggested that, as in FH due to HBV, FH due to HCV could induce strong and rapid humoral immunity.

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Humoral immune response in inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccine: When should a booster dose be administered?

10.1101/2021.07.08.21260194 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Ertan Kara ◽

Ferdi Tanir ◽

Hakan Demirhindi ◽

Burak Mete ◽

Filiz Kibar ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Immune Response ◽

Humoral Immune Response ◽

Health Workers ◽

Plasma Concentrations ◽

Test Method ◽

Inactivated Vaccine ◽

Igg Antibodies ◽

Igg Antibody ◽

Humoral Immune ◽

The Mean

Background: For a sustained and essential protective antibody response, it is important to understand how long the humoral immune response induced by the SARS-CoV-2 inactivated vaccine persists. Aims: This study aimed to detect the first and third-month concentrations and seroconversion rates of the antibodies induced by the inactivated vaccine. Study Design: This is a vaccine efficacy study. Methods: The study included 272 health workers who were vaccinated at days 0 and 28 by the inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccine (3µg/0.5ml). Anti-S-RBD-IgG and total anti-spike/anti-nucleocapsid-IgG antibody concentrations and seroconversion rates were examined in vaccinated health workers at the 1st and 3rd months after the vaccination. The test method used for the qualitative detection and differentiation of IgG antibodies (indirect method) to SARS-CoV-2 is a chemiluminescence reaction (CLIA). Results: The mean age of the health workers was 38.93±10.59 (min:21-max:64). A total of 45(16.5%) participants declared to have had COVID-19 before the first dose of the inactivated vaccine. The participants were found to be reactive for anti-S-RBD-IgG antibodies by 98.2% and 97.8% at the first and third months, respectively, after the administration of the second dose. The decrease in the mean plasma concentrations of anti-S-RBD IgG was observed as 56.7% in the cohort with only two doses of the vaccine (1st month:42.4AU/ml versus 3rd month: 18.2AU/ml). In the cohort with a history of COVID-19 prior to the vaccination, the decrease was observed as 25.1% (1st month:58.29 versus 3rd month:43.64 AU/ml) and at a mean of 57.4 (0-90) days prior to vaccination, the decrease was of 43.1% (1st month:55.05 AU/ml versus 3rd month:31.28 AU/ml), keeping more stable in participants infected at a mean of 183.1 (91-330) days prior to vaccination (a decrease of 5.2%; with 62.34 AU/ml at 1st and 59.08 AU/ml at 3rd months). Anti-S-RBD concentrations were observed to increase 10-fold (30.44 AU/ml at 1st and 310.64 AU/ml at 3rd months) in participants infected after the vaccination and to decrease among people aged 50 years and older. Conclusion: Antibody concentrations at the 1st and 3rd months after the vaccination with two doses of the inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccine were found to be decreased, but still detectable (except in one participant). As participants who had COVID-19 at a mean of 181 (90-330) days before the vaccination presented with a more stable antibody level, it can be concluded that a booster at months 6-12, resulting in a schedule of 0-1-6 months, is recommended for the inactive SARS-CoV-2 vaccination. Keywords: Humoral immune response, vaccines, SARS-CoV-2, booster, inactive vaccine

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Efficacy, safety and immunogenicity of a trivalent inactivated split influenza vaccine in patients with rheumatic diseases

Medical Council ◽

10.21518/2079-701x-2018-12-106-110 ◽

2018 ◽

pp. 106-110

Author(s):

D. V. Bukhanova ◽

B. S. Belov ◽

G. M. Tarasova ◽

Sh. Erdes ◽

T. V. Dubinina ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽

Immune Response ◽

Influenza Vaccine ◽

Rheumatic Diseases ◽

Laboratory Tests ◽

Control Group ◽

Control Procedure ◽

Post Vaccination ◽

Humoral Immune ◽

Assessment Of Disease Activity

The aim of the study was to study the efficacy, safety and immunogenicity of trivalent split influenza vaccine in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA), ankylosing spondylitis (AS), systemic scleroderma (SSD). Material and methods. Ninety three patients were enrolled in the study, including 52 patients with RA, 34 with AS, 7 with SSD, and also 40 persons without rheumatic diseases (RD) (control group). At the time of enrolment, all patients received RD drug therapy. The duration of RD was from 2 months up to 46 years. Vaxigrip vaccine, which included the actual strains of influenza virus for the 2016-2017 or 2017-2018 seasons was administered subcutaneously in the amount of 1 dose (0.5 ml) against the backdrop of continuing RD therapy. The main stages of control were visits at 1-, 3- and 6-month intervals after vaccination. Standard clinical and laboratory tests, a clinical examination of the patient and assessment of disease activity were performed during the visits. Immunogenicity of the vaccine was evaluated at each stage of the control procedure using the commercial ELISA kits manufactured by PPDP LLC (St. Petersburg). Results. No cases of influenza or influenza-like illness were recorded during the entire period of observation. 81% of patients had no post-vaccination reactions in the RD group. Pain, swelling and hyperaemia of the skin with a diameter of up to 2 cm at the injection site were reported in 14% of cases and subfebrility, myalgia, malaise, headache in 5% of cases. The frequency of postvaccinal reactions among patients was not significantly different from that in the control group. There were no cases of exacerbation of RD or the occurrence of any new autoimmune disorders. The parameters of the humoral immune response in patients with RD did not significantly differ from those in the control group. Conclusion. The obtained data testify about good clinical efficacy and tolerability of trivalent split influenza vaccine in patients with RD.

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Comprehensive assessment of humoral response after Pfizer BNT162b2 mRNA Covid-19 vaccination: a three-case series

10.1101/2021.03.19.21253989 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Elisa Danese ◽

Martina Montagnana ◽

Gian Luca Salvagno ◽

Matteo Gelati ◽

Denise Peserico ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Immune Response ◽

Neutralizing Antibodies ◽

Healthcare Workers ◽

Protein Concentration ◽

Venous Blood ◽

Case Series ◽

Vaccine Dose ◽

Humoral Response ◽

Post Vaccination ◽

Humoral Immune

Background. Since universal vaccination is a pillar against coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), monitoring anti-SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing antibodies is essential for deciphering post-vaccination immune response. Methods. Three healthcare workers received 30 μg BNT162b2 mRNA Covid-19 Vaccine, followed by a second identical dose, 21 days afterwards. Venous blood was drawn at baseline and at serial intervals, up to 63 days afterwards, for assessing total immunoglobulins (Ig) anti-RBD (receptor binding domain), IgG anti-S1/S2, IgG anti-RBD, IgM anti-RBD, IgM anti-N/S1 and IgA anti-S1. Results. All subjects were SARS-CoV-2 seronegative at baseline. Total Ig anti-RBD, IgG anti-S1/S2 and IgG anti-RBD levels increased between 91-368 folds until 21 days after the first vaccine dose, then reached a plateau. The levels raised further after the second dose (by ~30-, ~8- and ~8-fold, respectively), peaking at day 35, but then slightly declining and stabilizing ~50 days after the first dose. IgA anti-S1 levels increased between 7-11 days after the first dose, slightly declined before the second dose, after which levels augmented by ~24-fold from baseline. The anti-RBD and anti-N/S1 IgM kinetics were similar to that of anti-S1 IgA, though displaying substantially weaker increases and modest peaks, only 4 to 7-fold higher than baseline. Highly significant inter-correlation was noted between total Ig anti-RBD, anti-S1/S2 and anti-RBD IgG (all r=0.99), whilst other anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies displayed lower, though still significant, correlations. Serum spike protein concentration was undetectable at all time points. Conclusions. BNT162b2 mRNA vaccination generates a robust humoral immune response, especially involving IgG and IgA, magnified by the second vaccine dose.

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