Brain Injury Localization in Electromagnetic Imaging using Symmetric Crossing Lines Method

To avoid death or disability, patients with brain injury should undertake a diagnosis at the earliest time and accept frequent monitoring after starting any medical intervention. This paper presents a novel approach to localize brain injury using the intersection of pairs of signals from symmetrical antennas based on the hypothesis that healthy brains are approximately symmetric that the bleeding targets will lead to significantly different amplitude and phase changes if a pair of symmetrical transmit signals cross targets with the same distances. The scattered signals (S-parameters) across the band 0.5-2 GHz are acquired using 100 realistic brain models and 150 experimental data measurements. Each signal is divided into two frequency bands and then they are converted into two graphs. The neighbour pair signals from symmetric hemisphere are evaluated to detect and localize the potential abnormalities in the brain. The higher weighted pairs across the axes of symmetry are detected and used to localize any abnormal targets. The results indicate that crossing pairs of antenna signals from the hemisphere with a blood mass exhibit significantly different signal amplitude in the graph features compared to those without the target (p<0.003). The experiments show that our novel localization algorithm can achieve an accuracy of 0.85±0.08 Dice similarity coefficient based on 150 experimental measurements using an elliptical container, which is suitable for brain injury localization.