CSF and PET biomarkers for noradrenergic dysfunction in neurodegenerative diseases: a systematic review and meta-analysis

The noradrenergic system shows pathological modifications in aging and neurodegenerative diseases and is thought to be affected in the early stages of both Alzheimer and Parkinson's diseases. We conducted a meta-analysis of noradrenergic differences in Alzheimer's disease type dementia (ADD) and Parkinson's disease (PD) using CSF and PET biomarkers. CSF noradrenaline (NA) and 3-methoxy-4-hydroxyphenylglycol (MHPG) as well as NA transporter availability (PET MeNER) levels in controls, ADD and PD patients was summarized from 26 articles (1025 patients and 839 controls in total) using a random-effects model meta-analysis. Compared with controls, PD patients showed significant reductions in CSF NA and MHPG, and PET MeNER binding in the hypothalamus. In ADD, MHPG levels were increased compared with controls. Age correlated with CSF MHPG levels in ADD, but not in PD. Noradrenergic dysfunction in neurodegenerative diseases can be detected using CSF or PET measures and may be more pronounced in PD compared to ADD.

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Gunshot Wounds to the Lumbosacral Spine: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Global Spine Journal ◽

10.1177/21925682211030873 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 219256822110308

Author(s):

Andrew Platt ◽

Mostafa H. El Dafrawy ◽

Michael J. Lee ◽

Martin H. Herman ◽

Edwin Ramos

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Random Effects ◽

Surgical Intervention ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Gunshot Wounds ◽

Operative Management ◽

Operative Intervention ◽

Lumbosacral Spine ◽

Random Effects Model ◽

Significant Difference

Study Design: Systematic review and meta-analysis. Objectives: Indications for surgical decompression of gunshot wounds to the lumbosacral spine are controversial and based on limited data. Methods: A systematic review of literature was conducted to identify studies that directly compare neurologic outcomes following operative and non-operative management of gunshot wounds to the lumbosacral spine. Studies were evaluated for degree of neurologic improvement, complications, and antibiotic usage. An odds ratio and 95% confidence interval were calculated for dichotomous outcomes which were then pooled by random-effects model meta-analysis. Results: Five studies were included that met inclusion criteria. The total rate of neurologic improvement was 72.3% following surgical intervention and 61.7% following non-operative intervention. A random-effects model meta-analysis was carried out which failed to show a statistically significant difference in the rate of neurologic improvement between surgical and non-operative intervention (OR 1.07; 95% CI 0.45, 2.53; P = 0.88). In civilian only studies, a random-effects model meta-analysis failed to show a statistically significant difference in the rate of neurologic improvement between surgical and non-operative intervention (OR 0.75; 95% CI 0.21, 2.72; P = 0.66). Meta-analysis further failed to show a statistically significant difference in the rate of neurologic improvement between patients with either complete (OR 4.13; 95% CI 0.55, 30.80; P = 0.17) or incomplete (OR 0.38; 95% CI 0.10, 1.52; P = 0.17) neurologic injuries who underwent surgical and non-operative intervention. There were no significant differences in the number of infections and other complications between patients who underwent surgical and non-operative intervention. Conclusions: There were no statistically significant differences in the rate of neurologic improvement between those who underwent surgical or non-operative intervention. Further research is necessary to determine if surgical intervention for gunshot wounds to the lumbosacral spine, including in the case of retained bullet within the spinal canal, is efficacious.

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P–022 Improvement in sperm concentration and motility after oral antioxidant supplementation in infertile men with varicocele who have not undergone surgical repair: systematic review and meta-analys

Human Reproduction ◽

10.1093/humrep/deab130.021 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 36 (Supplement_1) ◽

Author(s):

P Ioannidou ◽

J Bosdou ◽

D Papanikolaou ◽

D Goulis ◽

A Lambropoulos ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Folic Acid ◽

Random Effects ◽

Surgical Repair ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Sperm Concentration ◽

Random Effects Model ◽

Antioxidant Supplementation ◽

Infertile Men ◽

Single Study

Abstract Study question Does oral antioxidant supplementation improve sperm quality in infertile men with varicocele who have not undergone surgical repair? Summary answer Oral antioxidant supplementation improves sperm concentration and motility in infertile men with varicocele who have not undergone surgical repair. What is known already: Benefit from oral antioxidant supplementation has been shown in infertile men with varicocele following surgical repair. Similarly, oral antioxidant supplementation has been suggested in infertile men with varicocele who have not undergone surgical repair. However, its effect currently remains controversial. Study design, size, duration A literature search was performed until January 2021 aiming to identify prospective studies evaluating the use of oral antioxidant supplementation alone or in combination in men with varicocele who have not undergone surgical repair. Participants/materials, setting, methods Seven prospective studies were identified, published between 1987 and 2018, including 278 infertile men with varicocele who had not undergone surgical repair. The number of patients included ranged from 20 to 65. Sperm analysis, evaluating sperm concentration, motility and morphology was performed in these studies before and after oral antioxidant supplementation. Meta-analysis of weighted data was performed using random effects model. Results are reported as weighted mean difference (WMD) with 95% confidence interval (CI). Main results and the role of chance Seven studies were included in the systematic review. Oral antioxidant supplementation was performed by a combination of pentoxifylline, zinc and folic acid (single study), a combination of l-carnitine, fumarate, acetyl-l-carnitine, fructose, CoQ, vitamin C, zinc, folic acid and vitamin B12 (single study), a combination of L-Carnitine, vitamin C, coenzyme Q10, vitamin E, vitamin B9, vitamin B12, zinc , and selenium, l-carnitine (single study), or sole treatment with acetyl-l-carnitine (single study), L-Carnitine (single study), Coenzyme Q10 (single study) or zinc sulfate (single study). For the purpose of meta-analysis, the effect of oral antioxidant supplementation was evaluated after three months of treatment. Oral antioxidant supplementation significantly increased sperm concentration (WMD +5.65x106/ml 95% CI: +1.11 to + 10.12 p = 0.01, random effects model) and motility (WMD +4.30%, 95% CI: +0.86 to + 7.74 p = 0.01, random effects model) in infertile men with varicocele who had not undergone surgical repair. On the other hand, no significance difference was observed in sperm morphology (WMD +3.9%, 95% CI: –0.16 to + 8.04 p = 0.06, random effects model) and volume (WMD +0.53ml, 95% CI: 0.0 to + 1.0 p = 0.052, random effects model). Limitations, reasons for caution The number of relevant trials and that of patients included is small to allow for solid conclusions to be drawn. Moreover, although different oral antioxidants have been administered in infertile who had not undergone surgical repair, subgroup analysis was not feasible. Wider implications of the findings: Currently, limited evidence supports the use of oral antioxidants in the treatment of men with varicocele, who have not undergone surgical repair. Although the benefit in sperm concentration and motility appears to be modest, it might be important regarding achievement of pregnancy in these men. Trial registration number Not applicable

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The relationship between migraine and infant colic: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Cephalalgia ◽

10.1177/0333102414534326 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 35 (1) ◽

pp. 63-72 ◽

Cited By ~ 18

Author(s):

Amy A Gelfand ◽

Peter J Goadsby ◽

I Elaine Allen

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Random Effects ◽

Odds Ratio ◽

Fixed Effects ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Random Effects Model ◽

Fixed Effects Model ◽

Primary Analysis ◽

Infant Colic ◽

The Relationship

Context Infant colic is a common and distressing disorder of early infancy. Its etiology is unknown, making treatment challenging. Several articles have suggested a link to migraine. Objective The objective of this article was to perform a systematic review and, if appropriate, a meta-analysis of the studies on the relationship between infant colic and migraine. Data sources Studies were identified by searching PubMed and ScienceDirect and by hand-searching references and conference proceedings. Study selection For the primary analysis, studies specifically designed to measure the association between colic and migraine were included. For the secondary analysis, studies that collected data on colic and migraine but were designed for another primary research question were also included. Data extraction Data were abstracted from the original studies, through communication with study authors, or both. Two authors independently abstracted data. Main outcomes and measures The main outcome measure was the association between infant colic and migraine using both a fixed-effects model and a more conservative random-effects model. Results Three studies were included in the primary analysis; the odds ratio for the association between migraine and infant colic was 6.5 (4.6–8.9, p < 0.001) for the fixed-effects model and 5.6 (3.3–9.5, p = 0.004) for the random-effects model. In a sensitivity analysis wherein the study with the largest effect size was removed, the odds ratio was 3.6 (95% CI 1.7–7.6, p = 0.001) for both the fixed-effects model and random-effects model. Conclusions In this meta-analysis, infant colic was associated with increased odds of migraine. If infant colic is a migrainous disorder, this would have important implications for treatment. The main limitation of this meta-analysis was the relatively small number of studies included.

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Association of HLA-B*5701 Genotypes and Abacavir-Induced Hypersensitivity Reaction: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Journal of Pharmacy & Pharmaceutical Sciences ◽

10.18433/j39s3t ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 18 (1) ◽

pp. 68 ◽

Cited By ~ 27

Author(s):

Wimonchat Tangamornsuksan ◽

Ornrat Lohitnavy ◽

Chuenjid Kongkaew ◽

Nathorn Chaiyakunapruk ◽

Brad Reisfeld ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Hypersensitivity Reaction ◽

Diagnostic Criteria ◽

Random Effects ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Random Effects Model ◽

Analysis Technique ◽

The Us ◽

Us Fda ◽

Immunologic Test

OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to systematically review and quantitatively synthesize the association between HLA-B*5701 and abacavir-induced hypersensitivity reaction (ABC-HSR). METHODS: We searched for studies that investigated the association between HLA-B genotype and ABC-HSR and provided information about the frequency of carriers of HLA-B genotypes among cases and controls. We then performed a meta-analysis with a random-effects model to pool the data and to investigate the sources of heterogeneity. RESULTS: From 1,026 articles identified, ten studies were included. Five using clinical manifestation as their diagnostic criteria, 409 and 1,883 subjects were included as cases and controls. Overall OR was 23.6 (95% CI = 15.4 – 36.3). Whereas, the another five studies using confirmed immunologic test as their diagnostic criteria, 110 and 1,968 subjects were included as cases and controls, respectively. The association of ABC-HSR was strong in this populations with HLA-B*5701. Overall OR was 1,056.2 (95% CI = 345.0 – 3,233.3). CONCLUSIONS: Using meta-analysis technique, the association between HLA-B*5701 and ABC-HSR is strong in the studies using immunologic confirmation to identify ABC-HSR. These results support the US FDA recommendations for screening HLA-B*5701 allele before initiating abacavir therapy.This article is open to POST-PUBLICATION REVIEW. Registered readers (see “For Readers”) may comment by clicking on ABSTRACT on the issue’s contents page.

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Clinical Significance of Resistin Expression in Osteoarthritis: A Meta-Analysis

BioMed Research International ◽

10.1155/2014/208016 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 2014 ◽

pp. 1-11 ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

Xiao-Chuan Li ◽

Feng Tian ◽

Fei Wang

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Random Effects ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Case Control ◽

Random Effects Model ◽

Dutch Population ◽

Review Of Literature ◽

Case Control Studies ◽

Stratified Analysis ◽

Human Resistin

Background. The objective of this study was to conduct a systematic review of literature evaluating human resistin expression as a diagnostic factor in osteoarthritis development and to quantify the overall diagnostic effect.Method. Relevant studies were identified and evaluated for quality through multiple search strategies. Studies analyzing resistin expression in the development of OA were eligible for inclusion. Data from eligible studies were extracted and included into the meta-analysis using a random-effects model.Results. Four case-control studies consisting of a total of 375 OA patients and 214 controls as well as three sex-stratified analyses composed of 53 males and 104 females were incorporated into our meta-analysis. Our results revealed that resistin levels were significantly higher in male OA subjects and OA patients overall. Country-stratified analysis yielded significantly different estimates in resistin levels between male OA subjects and female OA subjects in the Canadian subgroup but not among the French and USA subgroups. Based on the resistin levels in OA cases and controls, resistin levels were heightened in OA patients in the Dutch population.Conclusion. These results support the hypothesis that high expression of resistin represents a significant and reproducible marker of poor progression in OA patients, especially in males.

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Effects of Tea Consumption on Anthropometric Parameters, Metabolic Indexes and Hormone Levels of Women with Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials

Frontiers in Endocrinology ◽

10.3389/fendo.2021.736867 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 ◽

Author(s):

Wenjuan Shen ◽

Yujia Pan ◽

Bao Jin ◽

Zongyu Zhang ◽

Tianjiao You ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Body Weight ◽

Randomized Controlled Trials ◽

Green Tea ◽

Random Effects ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Biomedical Literature ◽

Controlled Trials ◽

Random Effects Model ◽

Randomized Controlled

ObjectiveOur aim was to conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis to assess the effectiveness and safety of tea supplements for patients with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS).MethodsWe conducted searches of the published literature in PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, Chinese Biomedical Literature Database, Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), VIP database, and Wanfang Database in 1985 to September 2021. Data from randomized controlled trials (RCTs) were obtained to assess the effects of tea versus placebo in women with PCOS. Weighted mean differences (WMDs) were pooled using a random-effects model or risks ratios (RRs) using a random-effects model.ResultsSix RCTs (235 participants) were included in our systematic review. Tea supplements as adjuvant therapy led to greater improvement in body weight (WMD −2.71, 95% CI −4.95 to −0.46, P = 0.02, I2 = 0%), fasting blood glucose (FBG: WMD −0.40, 95% CI −0.59 to −0.20, P < 0.0001, I2 = 0%) and fasting insulin (FINS: WMD −3.40, 95% CI −4.76 to −2.03, P < 0.00001, I2 = 0%) when compared with placebo. There were no significant differences of body mass index, waist circumference, hip circumference, waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), body fat rate, total testosterone, free testosterone (FT), dehydroepiandrosterone, luteinizing hormone or follicular-stimulating hormone (FSH) between the two groups. In addition, subgroup analysis suggested that green tea was effective on body weight, FINS, FBG, FT, and FSH, and herbal tea can also reduce FT levels, tea supplements had a significant impact on FBG and FSH in trials with intervention duration ≥ 3 months, and intervention lasting less than 3 months can improve FINS. Tea had significant effect on reducing WHR, FBG and FSH in Asian PCOS patients, but not in Caucasians. And there was no statistically significant effect of tea on weight and FINS in Asians, but it was effective for Caucasian participants. Compared with placebo, tea supplements did not cause significant adverse reactions (RR 1.45, 95% CI 0.30 to 6.90, P = 0.65, I2 = 0%).ConclusionThis meta-analysis suggests that consumption of tea supplementation in women with PCOS could significantly decrease the levels of FBG and FINS as well as reduce body weight. Especially green tea, not only has the above effects, but also has a significant effect on improving a variety of reproductive hormone indexes. Furthermore, tea supplementation is a relatively safe therapy for PCOS patients. Systematic Review RegistrationPROSPERO https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/display_record.php?RecordID=212755, identifier CRD42021249196.

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A Global Mutational Profile of SARS-CoV-2: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of 368,316 COVID-19 Patients

Life ◽

10.3390/life11111224 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (11) ◽

pp. 1224

Author(s):

Wardah Yusof ◽

Ahmad Adebayo Irekeola ◽

Yusuf Wada ◽

Engku Nur Syafirah Engku Abd Rahman ◽

Naveed Ahmed ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Random Effects ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Spike Protein ◽

Random Effects Model ◽

Potential Influence ◽

Viral Genomes ◽

Pooled Prevalence ◽

The Usa ◽

New Mutations

Since its first detection in December 2019, more than 232 million cases of COVID-19, including 4.7 million deaths, have been reported by the WHO. The SARS-CoV-2 viral genomes have evolved rapidly worldwide, causing the emergence of new variants. This systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted to provide a global mutational profile of SARS-CoV-2 from December 2019 to October 2020. The review was conducted according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analysis (PRISMA), and a study protocol was lodged with PROSPERO. Data from 62 eligible studies involving 368,316 SARS-CoV-2 genomes were analyzed. The mutational data analyzed showed most studies detected mutations in the Spike protein (n = 50), Nucleocapsid phosphoprotein (n = 34), ORF1ab gene (n = 29), 5′-UTR (n = 28) and ORF3a (n = 25). Under the random-effects model, pooled prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 variants was estimated at 95.1% (95% CI; 93.3–96.4%; I2 = 98.952%; p = 0.000) while subgroup meta-analysis by country showed majority of the studies were conducted ‘Worldwide’ (n = 10), followed by ‘Multiple countries’ (n = 6) and the USA (n = 5). The estimated prevalence indicated a need to continuously monitor the prevalence of new mutations due to their potential influence on disease severity, transmissibility and vaccine effectiveness.

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Sero-epidemiology and associated factors of HIV, HBV, HCV and syphilis among blood donors in Ethiopia: a systematic review and meta-analysis

BMC Infectious Diseases ◽

10.1186/s12879-021-06505-w ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 21 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Mulugeta Melku ◽

Sintayehu Ambachew ◽

Bamlaku Enawgaw ◽

Molla Abebe ◽

Zegeye Abebe ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Random Effects ◽

Blood Donor ◽

Blood Donors ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

National Level ◽

Public Health Problem ◽

Major Public Health Problem ◽

Random Effects Model ◽

Syphilis Infection

Abstract Background Transfusion transmissible infections (TTIs) remain a major public health problem in developing countries including Ethiopia. In Ethiopia, comprehensive information about sero-epidemiology of major TTIs is lacking at the national level. Therefore, this systematic review and meta-analysis was aimed at providing the pooled estimate of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), hepatitis B virus (HBV), hepatitis C virus (HCV) and syphilis among blood donors in Ethiopia. Methods Relevant studies published until May 31, 2019 were searched through PubMed/Medline, EMBASE, SCOPUS, HINARI, Cochrane database library, Web of Science, Google Scholar and Google. The methodological quality of articles was assessed using Joanna Brigg’s Institute critical appraisal checklist for prevalence and analytical studies. The pooled sero-epidemiology of HIV, HBV, HCV and syphilis were determined using the random-effects model. Heterogeneity between the studies was assessed using the I2 statistics. Publication bias was assessed by visual inspection of the funnel plot and Egger's statistics. Results A total of 7921 articles were retrieved, and 7798 were screened for eligibility after duplicates removed. Forty-nine full-text articles were assessed for eligibility; of which 45 were eligible for qualitative and quantitative synthesis: categorized as 36, 34, 31 and 23 studies for estimations of HBV, HIV, HCV and syphilis, respectively. In the random-effects model, the pooled sero-epidemiology of HBV, HIV, HCV and syphilis was 5.20, 2.83, 0.93 and 1.50%, respectively. Moreover, being a male blood donor was significantly associated with HBV and syphilis infection, whereas being a replacement blood donor was significantly associated with a high burden of HIV, HBV and HCV infections. Conclusion The pooled sero-epidemiology of major TTIs among blood donors was high. Therefore, there is a need to design prevention and control strategies in a comprehensive approach to reduce the burden.

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High burden of acute kidney injury in COVID-19 pandemic: systematic review and meta-analysis

Journal of Clinical Pathology ◽

10.1136/jclinpath-2020-207023 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. jclinpath-2020-207023

Author(s):

Camila Barbosa Oliveira ◽

Camilla Albertina Dantas Lima ◽

Gisele Vajgel ◽

Antonio Victor Campos Coelho ◽

Paula Sandrin-Garcia

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Acute Kidney Injury ◽

Critically Ill ◽

Random Effects ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Kidney Injury ◽

Random Effects Model ◽

Risk Of Death ◽

Meta Analyses ◽

The Impact

AimsHospitalised patients with COVID-19 have a variable incidence of acute kidney injury (AKI) according to studies from different nationalities. The present systematic review and meta-analysis describes the incidence of AKI, need for renal replacement therapy (RRT) and mortality among patients with COVID-19-associated AKI.MethodsWe systematically searched electronic database PubMed, SCOPUS and Web of Science to identify English articles published until 25 May 2020. In case of significant heterogeneity, the meta-analyses were conducted assuming a random-effects model.ResultsFrom 746 screened publications, we selected 21 observational studies with 15 536 patients with COVID-19 for random-effects model meta-analyses. The overall incidence of AKI was 12.3% (95% CI 7.3% to 20.0%) and 77% of patients with AKI were critically ill (95% CI 58.9% to 89.0%). The mortality among patients with AKI was 67% (95% CI 39.8% to 86.2%) and the risk of death was 13 times higher compared with patients without AKI (OR=13.3; 95% CI 6.1 to 29.2). Patients with COVID-19-associated AKI needed for RRT in 23.4% of cases (95% CI 12.6% to 39.4%) and those cases had high mortality (89%–100%).ConclusionThe present study evidenced an incidence of COVID-19-associated AKI higher than previous meta-analysis. The majority of patients affected by AKI were critically ill and mortality rate among AKI cases was high. Thus, it is extremely important for health systems to be aware about the impact of AKI on patients’ outcomes in order to establish proper screening, prevention of additional damage to the kidneys and adequate renal support when needed.

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Prevalence of Headache in Patients With Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19): A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of 14,275 Patients

Frontiers in Neurology ◽

10.3389/fneur.2020.562634 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 11 ◽

Author(s):

Md Asiful Islam ◽

Sayeda Sadia Alam ◽

Shoumik Kundu ◽

Tareq Hossan ◽

Mohammad Amjad Kamal ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Quality Assessment ◽

Confidence Intervals ◽

Random Effects ◽

Critical Appraisal ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Clinical Manifestations ◽

Random Effects Model ◽

Pooled Prevalence ◽

Significant Difference

Background: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) started to spread globally since December 2019 from Wuhan, China. Headache has been observed as one of the clinical manifestations in COVID-19 patients. We aimed to conduct a comprehensive systematic review and meta-analysis to estimate the overall pooled prevalence of headache in COVID-19 patients.Methods: PubMed, Scopus, ScienceDirect, and Google Scholar databases were searched to identify studies published between December 2019 and March 2020. Adult (≥18 years) COVID-19 patients were considered eligible. We used random-effects model to estimate the pooled prevalence with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Quality assessment was done using the Joanna Briggs Institute critical appraisal tools. This study is registered with PROSPERO (CRD42020182529).Results: We identified 2,055 studies, of which 86 studies (n = 14,275, 49.4% female) were included in the meta-analysis. Overall, the pooled prevalence of headache in COVID-19 patients was 10.1% [95% CI: 8.76–11.49]. There was no significant difference of headache prevalence in severe or critical vs. non-severe (RR: 1.05, p = 0.78), survived (recovered or discharged) vs. non-survived (RR: 1.36, p = 0.23), and ICU vs. non-ICU (RR: 1.06, p = 0.87) COVID-19 patients. We detected 64.0, 34.9, and 1.1% of the included studies as high, moderate, and low quality, respectively.Conclusions: From the first 4-month data of the outbreak, headache was detected in 10.1% of the adult COVID-19 patients.

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