scholarly journals Pseudo Dollo models for the evolution of binary characters along a tree

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Remco R. Bouckaert ◽  
Martine Robbeets
Keyword(s):  
Language Evolution ◽  
Initial State ◽  
Covarion Model ◽  
Death Event ◽  
New Birth ◽  
Semantic Shift ◽  
Real World Datasets ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Fully Bayesian ◽  
User Friendly

AbstractThe stochastic Dollo model is a model for capturing evolution of features, for example cognate data in language evolution. However, it is rather sensitive to borrowing events, coding errors, semantic shift and other anomalies, so other models, in particular the covarion model, tends to have a better fit to the data. Here, we introduce the pseudo Dollo model, a model of character evolution along a tree that can be formulated as a three-state continuous time Markov chain (CTMC) model. The initial state represent absence of a feature, then a birth event allows the feature to be present. A death event can follow so that the feature becomes absent again. However, no new birth events are allowed after a death event has taken place.We examine the model in a fully Bayesian setting, and demonstrate it can have a better fit than some of the popular alternative models on some real world datasets. Some variations on the pseudo Dollo model are introduced as well, including the multi-state pseudo Dollo model and pseudo Dollo covarion model.The model is implemented in open source software Babel, a package to BEAST [2] licensed under LGPL. A user friendly way to set up an analysis is available through BEAUti, the graphical user interface of BEAST.

scholarly journals A Simulation Tool for Evaluating Video Streaming Architectures in Vehicular Network Scenarios

Electronics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 1970
Author(s):  
Pedro Pablo Garrido Abenza ◽  
Manuel P. Malumbres ◽  
Pablo Piñol ◽  
Otoniel López Granado
Keyword(s):  
Video Transmission ◽  
Vehicular Networks ◽  
Experimental Tests ◽  
Video Encoding ◽  
Simulation Tool ◽  
Simulation Research ◽  
Integrated Simulation ◽  
Network Simulators ◽  
Set Up ◽  
User Friendly

An integrated simulation tool called Video Delivery Simulation Framework over Vehicular Networks (VDSF-VN) is presented. This framework is intended to allow users to conduct experiments related to video transmission in vehicular networks by means of simulation. Research on this topic requires the use of many independent tools, such as traffic and network simulators, intermediate frameworks, video encoders and decoders, converters, platform-dependent scripting languages, data visualisation packages and spreadsheets, and some other tasks are performed manually. The lack of tools necessary to carry out all these tasks in an integrated and efficient way formed the motivation for the development of the VDSF-VN framework. It is managed via two user-friendly applications, GatcomSUMO and GatcomVideo, which allow all the necessary tasks to be accomplished. The first is primarily used to build the network scenario and set up the traffic flows, whereas the second involves the delivery process of the whole video, encoding/decoding video, running simulations, and processing all the experimental results to automatically provide the requested figures, tables and reports. This multiplatform framework is intended to fill the existing gap in this field, and has been successfully used in several experimental tests of vehicular networks.

scholarly journals Assessment of the Harmfulness of Moulding Sands with Alkyd Resin Subjected to the High Temperature Influence

2016 ◽  
Vol 61 (4) ◽  
pp. 2171-2176 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Holtzer ◽  
R. Dańko ◽  
S. Żymankowska-Kumon ◽  
M. Kubecki ◽  
A. Bobrowski
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Decomposition ◽  
Alkyd Resin ◽  
Initial State ◽  
Binding Material ◽  
Polycyclic Aromatic ◽  
Benzene Toluene ◽  
Quantitative Analyses ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Selection Of

Abstract Out of moulding sands used in the foundry industry, sands with organic binders deserve a special attention. These binders are based on synthetic resins, which ensure obtaining the proper technological properties and sound castings, however, they negatively influence the environment. These resins in their initial state these resins are not very dangerous for people and for the environment, thus under an influence of high temperatures they generate very harmful products, being the result of their thermal decomposition. Depending on the kind of the applied resin, under an influence of a temperature such compounds as: furfuryl alcohol, formaldehyde, phenol, BTEX group (benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, xylene), and also polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) can be formed and released. The aim of the study was the development of the method, selection of analytical methods and the determination of optimal conditions of formation compounds from the BTEX and PAHs group. Investigations were carried out in the specially designed set up for the thermal decomposition of organic substances in a temperature range: 500 – 1 300°C at the laboratory scale. The object for testing was alkyd resin applied as a binding material for moulding sands. The qualitative and quantitative analyses of compounds were performed by means of the gas chromatography coupled with the mass spectrometry (GC/MS).

Fundamental Property of the Solid Equation of State Infered from Shock Waves Physics

2002 ◽  
Vol 731 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francis Chaissé ◽  
Olivier Heuzé
Keyword(s):  
Equation Of State ◽  
Morse Potential ◽  
Fundamental Property ◽  
Shock Velocity ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Theoretical Relation ◽  
Hugoniot Curve ◽  
Initial State ◽  
Third Order ◽  
Set Up

AbstractIn this study, the linear shock velocity (U) versus particle velocity (u), which is well suited for describing the Hugoniot curve of metals, is revisited from a thermodynamical point of view. In this way, it is possible to set-up a theoretical relation between the Grüneisen coefficient and the isentrope derivatives to third order at the initial state before jump, ensuring the linear U(u) relationship. When applied to the classical Morse potential describing the Equation of State (EoS) in the Mie-Grüneisen form, the theoretical result is in a good acceptance with the shock experimental results carried out on copper.

On the initial-state assimilation for limited-area air-quality forecasts

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rostislav Kouznetsov ◽  
Mikhail Sofiev
Keyword(s):  
Air Quality ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Air Pollutant ◽  
Optimal Interpolation ◽  
Limited Area ◽  
Time Data ◽  
Initial State ◽  
Skill Scores ◽  
Forecast Lead Time ◽  
Set Up

<p>An ensemble of 9 regional Air Quality models is being run operationally within CAMS-50 project providing the 3D fields of air-pollutant distribution over Europe. The models are initialized from their previous-day's forecasts for 00Z and run for 4 days forward. The same models are used for near-real-time reanalysis of the previous day involving the air-quality observations to adjust the modelled  fields via data assimilation methods, such as 3D-var or optimal-interpolation procedures.  In this set-up the observed near-real-time data do not affect the forecasts.  Development of a method to improve the forecast quality by using the assimilated fields from the previous-day analysis is one of the goals for the CAMS-61 project.</p><p>As a prototype evaluation for this study, we made several tests with SILAM model (http://silam.fmi.fi) initializing the simulations from the assimilated or non-assimilated states and evaluated the evolution of the model skill scores along the forecast lead time. The tests were made for summer and winter seasons and for initialization time of 00Z vs 12Z.  In order to generalize the results, and make them independent on particular implementation of 3D-VAR in SILAM, the tests were made also with initialization from the analyses made with other CAMS-50 models.  That experiment utilized the list of species and vertical available in the CAMS-50 product catalog. </p><p>The results of the simulation corroborated with our earlier studies that showed a quite quick relaxation of the scores for runs initialized from analyses to the free-run state: with certain variability between the species, the runs converged to the free-run trajectory generally within several hours.  We also investigated the issues connected with initialization from the incomplete set of species and sparse vertical, which might make the scores of the forecast initialized from the incomplete assimilated model state being worse than the ones from the free-run model.</p><p> </p>

scholarly journals MESPEUS: a database of the geometry of metal sites in proteins

2008 ◽  
Vol 41 (5) ◽  
pp. 963-968 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Hsin ◽  
Y. Sheng ◽  
M. M. Harding ◽  
P. Taylor ◽  
M. D. Walkinshaw
Keyword(s):  
Protein Molecule ◽  
Data Bank ◽  
Web Interface ◽  
Coordination Numbers ◽  
Data Resolution ◽  
Metal Metal ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Stored Information ◽  
Interacting Atoms ◽  
User Friendly

A database with details of the geometry of metal sites in proteins has been set up. The data are derived from metalloprotein structures that are in the Protein Data Bank [PDB; Berman, Henrick, Nakamura & Markley (2006).Nucleic Acids Res.35, D301–D303] and have been determined at 2.5 Å resolution or better. The database contains all contacts within the crystal asymmetric unit considered to be chemical bonds to any of the metals Na, Mg, K, Ca, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu or Zn. The stored information includes PDB code, crystal data, resolution of structure determination, refinement program andRfactor, protein class (from PDB header), contact distances, atom names of metal and interacting atoms as they appear in the PDB, site occupancies,Bvalues, coordination numbers, information on coordination shapes, and metal–metal distances. This may be accessed by SQL queries, or by a user-friendly web interface which searches for contacts between specified types of atoms [for example Ca and carboxylate O of aspartate, Co and imidazole Nδ of histidine] or which delivers details of all the metal sites in a specified protein. The web interface allows graphical display of the metal site, on its own or within the whole protein molecule, and may be accessed at http://eduliss.bch.ed.ac.uk/MESPEUS/. Some applications are briefly described, including a study of the characteristics of Mg sites that bind adenosine triphosphate, the derivation of an average Mg—Ophosphatedistance and some problems that arise when average bond distances with high precision are required.

An investigation into critical service determinants of customer to business (C2B) type product returns in retail firms

2016 ◽  
Vol 46 (6/7) ◽  
pp. 606-633 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kamrul Ahsan ◽  
Shams Rahman
Keyword(s):  
Support Service ◽  
Product Returns ◽  
Senior Managers ◽  
Analytic Hierarchy ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Customer Support ◽  
Reference Guide ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Returns Management ◽  
User Friendly

Purpose – In spite of regular occurrence of product returns, research into determinants of returns services in retail businesses is still limited. To fill the gap, the purpose of this paper is to investigate critical determinants of customer to business type product returns services in the retail industry. Design/methodology/approach – The authors develop a framework of product returns services that consists of three major service categories and 16 returns service determinants. The criticality of the determinants of product returns management are assessed employing the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) based multi-criteria decision-making approach. Under AHP set up the authors interview retail operations managers of major retail firms in Australia to identify critical determinants of product returns services. Findings – Results indicate that the most important returns services dimensions are the way in which returns services are handled through interaction, and the outcome of service delivery. The top five critical service determinants of product returns are related to: communication support service for customer, money back for any type of returns, customer support access, user-friendly interaction, and product replacement. Originality/value – The findings of the study can be considered by senior managers of retail firms as a reference guide for designing efficient and effective returns service systems and developing strategies for competitive advantage through product returns, namely, customer retention.

REF‐11: A database for references

Online Review ◽  
1986 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 163-164 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Faraone
Keyword(s):  
Reference Data ◽  
Set Up ◽  
User Friendly

If you find yourself drowning in reference data, unable to organize information to your satisfaction, REF‐11 may be the package to help you. With REF‐11, users can set up a file of bibliographic references, and search the file. It is quite user friendly. An optional utility ($30) produces bibliographies from the files. A second utility ($25) stores text material in REF‐11 files.

scholarly journals Numerical study of two-dimensional moist symmetric instability

2008 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
pp. 1-4 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Fantini ◽  
P. Malguzzi
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Study ◽  
Finite Amplitude ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Initial State ◽  
Linear Mode ◽  
Equivalent Potential ◽  
Start Up ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Symmetric Instability ◽  
Amplitude Evolution

Abstract. The 2-D version of the non-hydrostatic fully compressible model MOLOCH developed at ISAC-CNR was used in idealized set-up to study the start-up and finite amplitude evolution of symmetric instability. The unstable basic state was designed by numerical integration of the equation which defines saturated equivalent potential vorticity qe*. We present the structure and growth rates of the linear modes both for a supersaturated initial state ("super"-linear mode) and for a saturated one ("pseudo"-linear mode) and the modifications induced on the base state by their finite amplitude evolution.

scholarly journals Developing a Coupling Model System of Global Rainfall Data and Open-Source Model for Water Forecast in Poorly Gauged Basins

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 355 ◽  
Author(s):  
Duong Du Bui ◽  
Duc Minh Tran ◽  
Huong Thi Vu ◽  
Nuong Thi Bui
Keyword(s):  
Open Source ◽  
Input Data ◽  
Water Security ◽  
Coupling Model ◽  
Source Model ◽  
Rainfall Data ◽  
Creative Commons ◽  
Set Up ◽  
User Friendly

Water security is under severe pressures from human interventions and climate change in all over the world and improved water forecast is essential for water management. HYPE is a semi-distributed hydrographic model, running on Windows or Linux operating systems. The code of the model is written by the Fortran programming language and open source as Lesser GNU Public License. HYPE has been becoming a widely used tool in the forecasting of transboundary flows. However, the application of HYPE encounters many difficulties in processing input data and serving the construction, calibration, and validation of the model. This article introduces the development of the V-HYPE tool that helps a couple of global rainfall data and HYPE model for operational use. V-HYPE allows developing a user-friendly interface and setting parameters of the HYPE model as well as evaluating errors and transforming and visually displaying the results of the model. Besides, the V-HYPE has the ability to show related maps (i.e. sub-basins, river network, lake, and dams, etc), set up input data, automatically download global rainfall data, and visually display results on WebGIS. V-HYPE also can generate bulletins supporting for operational water resources warning and forecasting works in Vietnam. The utilities of this tool are demonstrated in the case study of Serepok river basin.This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium provided the original work is properly cited.

scholarly journals ProsNet – a Modelica library for prosumer-based heat networks: description and validation

2021 ◽  
Vol 2042 (1) ◽  
pp. 012031
Author(s):  
I Elizarov ◽  
T Licklederer
Keyword(s):  
Steady State ◽  
Heat Generation ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
District Heating ◽  
Heating Systems ◽  
Heat Networks ◽  
Operating Modes ◽  
Set Up ◽  
User Friendly ◽  
Steady State Performance

Abstract Prosumer-based heat networks are a new concept in district heating systems that uses the ability of prosumers to operate as either producers or consumers. This type of networks allows for utilizing distributed heat generation and renewable energy sources. A broad range of individual operating modes, heat generation technologies, and topologies determine complex thermo-hydraulic behavior of such networks. Simulations help gain insights into their properties. In this paper, a Modelica library ProsNet is presented for such simulations. It is designed to set up models of prosumer-based heat networks to investigate their dynamic and steady-state performance in a user-friendly way. Important models of the library are described in more detail. Finally, a successful validation of the developed components was performed by comparing simulation results with another software for modeling bidirectional heat networks in steady-state.

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