scholarly journals Interactions between cardiac activity and conscious somatosensory perception

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paweł Motyka ◽  
Martin Grund ◽  
Norman Forschack ◽  
Esra Al ◽  
Arno Villringer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Cardiac Cycle ◽  
Physiological State ◽  
Cardiac Activity ◽  
The Body ◽  
Cardiac Deceleration ◽  
Electrical Pulses ◽  
Somatosensory Stimuli ◽  
External Stimuli ◽  
Near Threshold

AbstractFluctuations in the heart’s activity can modulate the access of external stimuli to consciousness. The link between perceptual awareness and cardiac signals has been investigated mainly in the visual and auditory domain. We here investigated whether the phase of the cardiac cycle and the pre-stimulus heart rate influence conscious somatosensory perception. We also tested how conscious detection of somatosensory stimuli affects the heart rate. Electrocardiograms (ECG) of 33 healthy volunteers were recorded while applying near-threshold electrical pulses at a fixed intensity to the left index finger. Conscious detection was not uniformly distributed across the cardiac cycle but significantly higher in diastole than in systole. We found no evidence that the heart rate before a stimulus influenced its detection but hits (correctly detected somatosensory stimuli) led to a more pronounced cardiac deceleration than misses. Our findings demonstrate interactions between cardiac activity and conscious somatosensory perception, which highlights the importance of internal bodily states for sensory processing beyond the auditory and visual domain.Impact StatementIt is highly debated to what extent cardiac activity modulates the access of external stimuli to consciousness. The evidence is inconsistent across sensory modalities and previous research focused at specific intervals within the cardiac cycle. Here, we examined the perception of near-threshold electrical pulses across the entire cardiac cycle. Our results show that conscious somatosensory perception is enhanced during the late phase of the cardiac cycle (at diastole) and associated with a more pronounced cardiac deceleration (as compared to non-detected stimuli). This strengthens the evidence that the physiological state of the body influences how we perceive the world.

DEVELOPMENT OF A DEVICE FOR CONTROL OF THE STATE OF THE ORGANISM BASED ON PHOTOPLETISMOGRAPHY USING TECHNOLOGIES OF DIGITAL ADAPTIVE FILTRATION

2020 ◽  
pp. 100-107
Author(s):  
Алексей Дмитриевич Акишин ◽  
Иван Павлович Семчук ◽  
Александр Петрович Николаев
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Cardiovascular System ◽  
Adaptive Filtering ◽  
Least Squares Method ◽  
Optimal Algorithm ◽  
Heart Diseases ◽  
Cardiac Activity ◽  
Motion Artifacts ◽  
The Body ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages

Постоянно растущий интерес к разработке новых неинвазивных и безманжетных методов измерения параметров сердечной деятельности, использование которых давало бы возможность непрерывного и удаленного контроля сердечно-сосудистой системы, обуславливает актуальность данной работы. В многочисленных публикациях продолжаются обсуждения преимуществ и недостатков различных методов ранней диагностики сердечно-сосудистых заболеваний. Однако артефакты движения являются сильной помехой, мешающей точной оценке показателей функционирования сердечно-сосудистой системы. Одним из перспективных методов контроля является метод оценки физиологических параметров с использованием фотоплетизмографии. Данная статья посвящена разработке устройства для фотоплетизмографических исследований и алгоритмических методов обработки регистрируемых сигналов для обеспечения мониторинга сердечного ритма с заданной точностью. В работе используются технологии цифровой адаптивной фильтрации полученных сигналов для мониторинга сердечного ритма в условиях внешних механических и электрических помеховых воздействий, ухудшающих точностные характеристики системы, а также разработана архитектура системы и изготовлен макет устройства, который позволил провести измерения для определения оптимального алгоритма цифровой обработки сигналов. При использовании устройства применялись методы адаптивной фильтрации на основе фильтров Винера, фильтров на основе метода наименьших квадратов и Калмановской фильтрации. Разработанное устройство для фотоплетизмографических исследований обеспечило возможность мониторинга сердечного ритма с заданной точностью, контроля текущего состояния организма и может быть использовано в качестве средства диагностики заболеваний сердца The constantly growing interest in the development of new non-invasive and cuff-free methods for measuring the parameters of cardiac activity, the use of which would give the possibility of continuous and remote monitoring of the cardiovascular system, determines the relevance of this work. Numerous publications continue to discuss the advantages and disadvantages of various methods of early diagnosis of cardiovascular disease. However, motion artifacts are a strong hindrance to the accurate assessment of the performance of the cardiovascular system. One of the promising control methods is the method for assessing physiological parameters using photoplethysmography. This article is devoted to the development of a device for photoplethysmographic studies and algorithmic methods for processing recorded signals to ensure monitoring of the heart rate with a given accuracy. The work uses technologies of digital adaptive filtering of the received signals to monitor the heart rate in conditions of external mechanical and electrical interference, which worsen the accuracy characteristics of the system, as well as the architecture of the system and a prototype of the device, which made it possible to carry out measurements to determine the optimal algorithm for digital signal processing. When using the device, the methods of adaptive filtering based on Wiener filters, filters based on the least squares method and Kalman filtering were used. The developed device for photoplethysmographic studies provided the ability to monitor the heart rate with a given accuracy, control the current state of the body and can be used as a means of diagnosing heart diseases

scholarly journals Evaluation of Autonomic Nervous System Changes Using Short-term Heart Rate Variability During Apnea

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Baolin He ◽  
Wenyu Li ◽  
Xiaotong Zhang ◽  
Yanan Wu ◽  
Jing Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Heart Rate Variability ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Autonomic Nervous System ◽  
Physiological State ◽  
Cardiac Activity ◽  
Normal Function ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Autonomic Nervous ◽  
Respiratory State

Abstract Background: Frequent cessations of respiration can greatly increase the prevalence rate of arrhythmia. It has been confirmed that cardiac activity is regulated by autonomic nervous system (ANS). And heart rate variability (HRV) is widely used as a method to evaluate the function of ANS. Therefore, we analyzed whether apnea can affect the balance and normal function of ANS using short-term HRV indices. Methods: Forty-five healthy subjects were asked to breathe normally and hold their breathing to simulate 10 times apnea. Thirty-six patients from the dataset of a sleep laboratory for the diagnosis of sleep disorders with 10 times apnea were included in analysis. We calculated short-term HRV indices of subjects in normal respiratory and apneic states, respectively. Results: Compared with normal respiratory state, respiration cease would lead to the values of the mean-RR, nLF, LF/HF, and α1 were significantly increase whereas the values of rMSSD and nHF were significantly decrease. Conclusions: Cessations of respiration would lead to an imbalance in function of ANS, as well as an increase in fractal characteristics of the heart. These changes in physiological state are likely to induce and cause the occurrence of arrhythmia, which is regulated by ANS.

Reactive hyperemia following one-beat coronary occlusions in the awake dog

1986 ◽  
Vol 250 (3) ◽  
pp. H474-H481
Author(s):  
R. J. Bache ◽  
D. S. Hess
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Coronary Flow ◽  
Coronary Occlusion ◽  
Cardiac Cycle ◽  
Reactive Hyperemia ◽  
Cardiac Activity ◽  
Cardiac Pacing ◽  
Single Cycle ◽  
Ventricular Stimulation ◽  
Hyperemic Response

This study was performed to examine the effect of alterations of cardiac activity during brief coronary artery occlusions on the subsequent reactive hyperemic response. Reactive hyperemia following coronary occlusions equal in duration to one cardiac cycle were examined in 12 chronically instrumented awake dogs while heart rate was maintained constant by cardiac pacing. During continuous pacing, one-beat coronary occlusions resulted in reactive hyperemia with excess flow equal to 220 +/- 23% blood flow debt repayment. When coronary occlusions of identical duration were performed while a single cycle of pacing was omitted during the interval of occlusion, the subsequent reactive hyperemia was decreased. Conversely, when coronary occlusion was produced during the first potentiated beat following a single cycle of paired ventricular stimulation, the reactive hyperemia was increased. Since, in the absence of coronary occlusion, omitting a single paced beat caused a transient decrease in coronary flow, while a single cycle of paired ventricular stimulation caused a brief increase in coronary flow, the reactive hyperemic responses were corrected for these perturbations in flow. Despite these corrections, the influence of alterations of myocardial activity during the interval of occlusion persisted, with the decreased reactive hyperemia when occlusion occurred during an omitted beat and increased hyperemia when occlusion was performed during a potentiated beat. These data indicate substantial coupling between myocardial activity during coronary occlusions as brief as one cardiac cycle in duration and the subsequent reactive hyperemic response.

scholarly journals HRV ANALYSIS USING ECG AS DATA SOURCE

2013 ◽  
pp. 139-142
Author(s):  
RASHMI A. DESHPANDE
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Heart Rate Variability ◽  
Autonomic Function ◽  
Physical Phenomenon ◽  
Cardiac Activity ◽  
The Body ◽  
Time Interval ◽  
Ecg Signal ◽  
Data Source ◽  
Hrv Analysis

Heart Rate Variability (HRV) is a physical phenomenon where the time interval between heart beats varies. It is measured by the variation in the beat to beat interval. Abnormalities present in the time interval between R wave peaks in the Electro-cardiogram (ECG) indicate cardiac dysfunction. Autonomic Nervous System controls the cardiac activity of the body and provides the beat to beat regulation of the cardiovascular system. Thus Heart Rate Variability is an important tool to access autonomic function also. The source for HRV is a continuous beat to beat measurement of interbeat intervals. An ECG signal can be used as the data source for HRV analysis. In this study the HRV data is obtained from ECG signal and is processed to calculate spectral HRV index, LF/HF ratio.

scholarly journals A multi-point heart rate monitoring using a soft wearable system based on fiber optic technology

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniela Lo Presti ◽  
Francesca Santucci ◽  
Carlo Massaroni ◽  
Domenico Formica ◽  
Roberto Setola ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Continuous Monitoring ◽  
Cardiac Activity ◽  
Simultaneous Recording ◽  
The Body ◽  
Wearable System ◽  
Feasibility Assessment ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Sensor Configuration ◽  
Sensor Positioning

AbstractEarly diagnosis can be crucial to limit both the mortality and economic burden of cardiovascular diseases. Recent developments have focused on the continuous monitoring of cardiac activity for a prompt diagnosis. Nowadays, wearable devices are gaining broad interest for a continuous monitoring of the heart rate (HR). One of the most promising methods to estimate HR is the seismocardiography (SCG) which allows to record the thoracic vibrations with high non-invasiveness in out-of-laboratory settings. Despite significant progress on SCG, the current state-of-the-art lacks both information on standardized sensor positioning and optimization of wearables design. Here, we introduce a soft wearable system (SWS), whose novel design, based on a soft polymer matrix embedding an array of fiber Bragg gratings, provides a good adhesion to the body and enables the simultaneous recording of SCG signals from multiple measuring sites. The feasibility assessment on healthy volunteers revealed that the SWS is a suitable wearable solution for HR monitoring and its performance in HR estimation is strongly influenced by sensor positioning and improved by a multi-sensor configuration. These promising characteristics open the possibility of using the SWS in monitoring patients with cardiac pathologies in clinical (e.g., during cardiac magnetic resonance procedures) and everyday life settings.

scholarly journals Luminescent Flash Avoidance in the Nocturnal Crab Portunus Xantusii: I. The Effects of Luminescence and Mechanical Stimulation on Heart Rate

1990 ◽  
Vol 148 (1) ◽  
pp. 415-426
Author(s):  
MATTHEW S. GROBER
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Body Size ◽  
Mechanical Stimulation ◽  
Cardiac Activity ◽  
Sensory Stimulation ◽  
The Body ◽  
Cardiac Response ◽  
Mechanical Stimuli ◽  
Sensory Stimuli ◽  
Cardiac Responses

In crabs, the ratio of the heart rate before to that after sensory stimulation (the response ratio) provides a reliable indicator of the effects of sensory stimulation on cardiac activity. The nocturnally active crab Portunus xantusii (Stimpson) exhibits rapid decreases in heart rate in response to the luminescent flashes produced by the sea pansy Renilla kollikeri (Pfeffer) and to mechanical stimulation. Crabs move away from luminescent and mechanical stimuli and this behavior is well correlated with the cardiac responses. Therefore, cardiac response ratios can be used as a reliable bioassay to determine the components of sensory stimuli that are important in eliciting behavioral responses. The similar cardiac responses to both luminescent and mechanical stimuli suggest that a single command pathway may be responsiblefor triggering startle behavior in response to a wide variety of rapid, brief and intense sensory stimuli. Heart rate also varied depending on the body size of the crab and the ambient temperature. Small crabs had faster heart rates than larger crabs, and the relationship between heart rate and body size is described by the equation: fH=794.3x−059222, where fH is heart rate in beats per minute and x is carapace length in millimeters.Heart rate increased with increasing temperature over a range of 10–22 °C, but no further increases occurred at higher temperatures. The Q10 for the range 10–20°C was 1.8.

scholarly journals Симптомокопмлекс за надгострого, гострого та підгострого перебігу пастерельозно-аскаридіозної асоціації у птиці різних видів

2017 ◽  
Vol 19 (77) ◽  
pp. 174-178
Author(s):  
V.M. Plys
Keyword(s):  
Pasteurella Multocida ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Physiological State ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
The Body ◽  
Adult Bird ◽  
Shortness Of Breath ◽  
Ascaridia Galli ◽  
Acute Form ◽  
External Stimuli

Results of clinical display in poultry, the mixed pasteurellosis and ascaridosis, for 2014–2015 years. Clinical symptoms depend on the physiological state of the birds, feeding and the conditions, the virulence of the pathogen pasteurellosi, the cycle of the ascarides, the intensity of lesions ascarides, temperature and humidity of the external environment, sources and pathways of disease pathogens into the body of the bird. Usually acute form mixed of the disease ran without apparent clinical signs. Externally clinically healthy birds suddenly falls and dies, but some of the bird have noted clinical manifestation. Found that the birds by acute course mixed of disease were following clinical features: chicken – feathers ruffled, depression, fever, cyanosis of the crest and earrings, and before the death of noted a convulsive phenomena; waterfowl – depression, poor motility, fever, sometimes convulsions; in young birds – slow reaction to external stimuli, depression, convulsive muscle contractions; pigeons – ruffled feathers, refusal of reception food and water fever; parrots – depression, slow response to external stimuli, laxatives phenomena, litter gray with lots of transparent mucus and red speckled inclusions. Common signs of poultry on an acute disease were: young – poor motility, depression, anorexia, rhinitis, feathers ruffled, thirst, fever, anemia, are omitted wings, profuse diarrhea, shortness of breath, conjunctivitis, swelling of the joints; an adult bird - with beak and nostrils stands out sero-mucous fluid, ruffled feathers, diarrhea, dehydration of an organism, shortness of breath, appetite is not, visible mucous membranes pale, thickened joints, hot, limping. Over the course of subacute forms of the mixed pasteurellosis and ascaridosis, clinical symptoms were the same as in the acute form, but they less pronounced as the disease ran for several days or even weeks. The bird noted profuse diarrhea, shortness of breath, cyanosis earrings and combs, depression. Ascaridia galli in with Pasteurella multocida complicates the development and progress disease.

scholarly journals Non-contact measurement of emotional and physiological changes in heart rate from a webcam

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher R. Madan ◽  
Tyler Harrison ◽  
Kyle E. Mathewson
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Physiological Stress ◽  
Physiological State ◽  
Stimulus Presentation ◽  
The Body ◽  
Physiological Measures ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
The Face ◽  
High Level ◽  
Electrocardiogram Ecg

AbstractHeart rate, measured in beats per minute (BPM), can be used as an index of an individual’s physiological state. Each time the heart beats, blood is expelled and travels through the body. This blood flow can be detected in the face using a standard webcam that is able to pick up subtle changes in color that cannot be seen by the naked eye. Due to the light absorption spectrum of blood, we are able to detect differences in the amount of light absorbed by the blood traveling just below the skin (i.e., photoplethysmography). By modulating emotional and physiological stress—i.e., viewing arousing images and sitting vs. standing, respectively—to elicit changes in heart rate, we explored the feasibility of using a webcam as a psychophysiological measurement of autonomic activity. We found a high level of agreement between established physiological measures, electrocardiogram (ECG), and blood pulse oximetry, and heart rate estimates obtained from the webcam. We thus suggest webcams can be used as a non-invasive and readily available method for measuring psychophysiological changes, easily integrated into existing stimulus presentation software and hardware setups.

scholarly journals Transdiagnostic expression of interoceptive abnormalities in psychiatric conditions

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hugo D Critchley ◽  
Donna L Ewing ◽  
Cassandra Gould van Praag ◽  
Haniah Habash-Bailey ◽  
Jessica A Eccles ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Mental Health Services ◽  
Health Services ◽  
Emotional Processing ◽  
Psychiatric Symptoms ◽  
Physiological State ◽  
The Body ◽  
Depression Symptom ◽  
Diagnostic Categories

ABSTRACTBackgroundInteroception, the sensing of information about the internal physiological state of the body, is proposed to be fundamental to normal and abnormal affective feelings. We undertook a cross-sectional characterisation of cardiac interoception in patients accessing secondary mental health services to understand how interoceptive abnormalities relate to psychiatric symptoms and diagnoses.MethodsPatients attending adult mental health services (205 female, 101 male) and controls (42 female, 21 male) participated. Clinical diagnoses spanned affective disorders, personality disorders and psychoses. Physiological, bio-behavioural and subjective interoceptive measures included: 1) Basal heart rate and heart rate variability (HRV); 2) cardiac afferent effects on emotional processing (cardiac cycle modulation of ratings of fear vs. neutral faces); 3) perceptual accuracy, confidence, and metacognitive insight in heartbeat detection, and; 4) self-reported sensitivity to internal bodily sensations. We tested for transdiagnostic differences between patients and controls, then for correlations between interoceptive measures and affective symptoms, and for group differences across clinical diagnostic categories.ResultsPatients differed from controls in HRV, cardiac afferent effects on emotional processing, heartbeat discrimination accuracy, and heartbeat detection confidence. Anxiety and depression symptom severity correlated particularly with self-reported sensitivity to interoceptive experiences. Significant differences between diagnostic categories were observed for HRV, cardiac afferent effects on emotional processing, and subjective interoception. Patients with schizophrenia relative to other diagnoses intriguingly showed opposite cardiac afferent effects on emotion processing.ConclusionsThis multilevel characterisation identified interoceptive differences associated with psychiatric symptoms and diagnoses. Interoceptive mechanisms have potential value for the clinical stratification and therapeutic targeting of psychiatric disorders.

scholarly journals 24 h-Heart Rate Variability as a Communication Tool for a Personalized Psychosomatic Consultation in Occupational Health

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marc N. Jarczok ◽  
Thomas Buckley ◽  
Harald O. Guendel ◽  
Irina Boeckelmann ◽  
Daniel Mauss ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Heart Rate Variability ◽  
Primary Prevention ◽  
Occupational Health ◽  
Occupational Medicine ◽  
Physiological State ◽  
The Body ◽  
Interquartile Range ◽  
Motivation To Change ◽  
Occupational Health Physicians

New tools for non-specific primary prevention strategies covering somatic and mental health in occupational medicine are urgently needed. Heart rate variability (HRV) reflects the capacity of the body to adapt to environmental challenges and of the mind to regulate emotions. Hence, a 24 h-measurement of HRV offers a unique possibility to quantify the interaction between situation-specific emotional regulation within a specific psychosocial environment and physiological state, thereby increasing self-perception and inducing motivation to change behavior. The focus of the present study represents such a 24 h-measurement of HRV and its presentation as a comprehensive graph including protocol situations of the client. A special training program for occupational health physicians and questionnaires for clients were developed and administered. The article reports the first data of the study “healthy leadership and work – body signals for managers and employees”, an investigator-initiated, interventional, single-arm, open (non-blinded), multicenter, national trial with 168 participants. They reported a significantly improved perception of their bodily needs after the consultation (from Median = 7, interquartile range 5–8 to Median = 8, interquartile range 7–9; scale range from 1 to 10; p < 0.001, Wilcoxon rank test; effect size 0.49). The 16 occupational health physicians stated that the measurement of HRV was very well suited to enter into dialog with the managers and was feasible to show interactions between situations, thoughts, feelings, and bodily reactions. Taken together, we show that a 24 h-HRV-measurement can be a feasible and effective approach for holistic, psychosomatic primary prevention in occupational medicine. We discuss possible mechanisms for improving the individual health via the consultation, containing mindset and improved ANS activity.

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