scholarly journals Non-contact measurement of emotional and physiological changes in heart rate from a webcam

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher R. Madan ◽  
Tyler Harrison ◽  
Kyle E. Mathewson
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Physiological Stress ◽  
Physiological State ◽  
Stimulus Presentation ◽  
The Body ◽  
Physiological Measures ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
The Face ◽  
High Level ◽  
Electrocardiogram Ecg

AbstractHeart rate, measured in beats per minute (BPM), can be used as an index of an individual’s physiological state. Each time the heart beats, blood is expelled and travels through the body. This blood flow can be detected in the face using a standard webcam that is able to pick up subtle changes in color that cannot be seen by the naked eye. Due to the light absorption spectrum of blood, we are able to detect differences in the amount of light absorbed by the blood traveling just below the skin (i.e., photoplethysmography). By modulating emotional and physiological stress—i.e., viewing arousing images and sitting vs. standing, respectively—to elicit changes in heart rate, we explored the feasibility of using a webcam as a psychophysiological measurement of autonomic activity. We found a high level of agreement between established physiological measures, electrocardiogram (ECG), and blood pulse oximetry, and heart rate estimates obtained from the webcam. We thus suggest webcams can be used as a non-invasive and readily available method for measuring psychophysiological changes, easily integrated into existing stimulus presentation software and hardware setups.

Classification of Individuals Based on Autonomic Response to Virtual Gaming

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (9) ◽  
pp. 4385-4393
Author(s):  
S. Chandana ◽  
B. R. Purnima ◽  
Prabhu Ravikala Vittal
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Heart Rate Variability ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Autonomic Nervous System ◽  
Physiological Stress ◽  
Rio Grande ◽  
The Body ◽  
Autonomic Response ◽  
Autonomic Nervous ◽  
Non Invasive

Modern games consists of digital gaming consoles that involves interaction with a user and has an interface to generate visual feedback through 2D/3D monitor. These games have several psychological side effects like loss of spatial awareness, back pains, insomnia, addiction, aggression, stress, and hypertension. Virtual reality (VR) Gaming is one of the most emerging and novel technologies in the field of entertainment. Evaluation of this new technology has become important in order to analyze the effects of its predecessors (2D and 3D gaming). The main focus of this paper is on detection of stress levels in individuals due to VR gaming and classify them depending on their sympathetic and parasympathetic dominance. This is done through acquisition of electrocardiogram (ECG) and photo plethysmograph signals (PPG) signals and extracting their time domain and frequency domain features before, during and after gaming (Fatma Uysal and Mahmut Tokmakçi, 2018. Evaluation of stress parameters based on heart rate variability measurement. Department of Biomedical Engineering, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey. [email protected], [email protected]., da Silva1, A.G.C.B., Arauj, D.N., et al, 2018. Increase in perceived stress is correlated to lower heart rate variability in healthy young subjects. Departamento de Fisioterapia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil. s/n., 81531–980, Curitiba, Parana, Brazil. E-mail: [email protected].). The physiological signal variation is analyzed by performing Heart Rate Variability (HRV) analysis over ECG signals which is one of the fast emerging methods in non-invasive research and clinical tools for assessing autonomic nervous system function (Juan Sztajzel, 2004. Heart rate variability: Aa non-invasive electrocardiographic method to measure the autonomic nervous system. Cardiology Center and Medical Policlinics, University Hospital, Geneva, Switzerland, SWISS MED WKLY 2004;134:514–522. www.smw.ch). Pulse-transmissiontime-variability (PTTV), which is extracted, has high coherence with heart rate variability and is also used as an objective measure of stress. In this paper we obtain the response of an individual during VR gaming and correlate them with the HRV/PTT parameters. The game chosen for the data acquisition was ‘VR city view rope crossing-360 android VR,’ during which data recording is done. It was found that there was a quantitative increase in physiological stress when individuals were exposed to virtual high heights in comparison with time relative to unaltered viewing. Mean Heart rate showed a significant increase during gaming for both boys and girls which indicates that the body is under the influence of a sympathetic activity like a physical exercise.

scholarly journals Differential effects of the blood pressure state on pulse rate variability and heart rate variability in critically ill patients

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Elisa Mejía-Mejía ◽  
James M. May ◽  
Mohamed Elgendi ◽  
Panayiotis A. Kyriacou
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Heart Rate Variability ◽  
Pulse Rate ◽  
Pulse Transit Time ◽  
Pulse Rate Variability ◽  
Physiological Factors ◽  
Ecg Signals ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Electrocardiogram Ecg

AbstractHeart rate variability (HRV) utilizes the electrocardiogram (ECG) and has been widely studied as a non-invasive indicator of cardiac autonomic activity. Pulse rate variability (PRV) utilizes photoplethysmography (PPG) and recently has been used as a surrogate for HRV. Several studies have found that PRV is not entirely valid as an estimation of HRV and that several physiological factors, including the pulse transit time (PTT) and blood pressure (BP) changes, may affect PRV differently than HRV. This study aimed to assess the relationship between PRV and HRV under different BP states: hypotension, normotension, and hypertension. Using the MIMIC III database, 5 min segments of PPG and ECG signals were used to extract PRV and HRV, respectively. Several time-domain, frequency-domain, and nonlinear indices were obtained from these signals. Bland–Altman analysis, correlation analysis, and Friedman rank sum tests were used to compare HRV and PRV in each state, and PRV and HRV indices were compared among BP states using Kruskal–Wallis tests. The findings indicated that there were differences between PRV and HRV, especially in short-term and nonlinear indices, and although PRV and HRV were altered in a similar manner when there was a change in BP, PRV seemed to be more sensitive to these changes.

Fysiologische stressmetingen in de werksituatie: nut, beperkingen en bevindingen

2009 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lorenz van Doornen ◽  
Jan Houtveen
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Work Stress ◽  
Physiological Stress ◽  
Measurement Techniques ◽  
Stress Sensitivity ◽  
The Body ◽  
Limited Extent ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
Workplace Interventions

Physiological stress measures at work: relevance, limitations, and findings Physiological stress measures at work: relevance, limitations, and findings L. van Doornen & J. Houtveen, Gedrag & Organisatie, volume 22, September 2009, nr. 3, pp. 275-293 Physiological stress measures should only to a limited extent be considered as 'objective' indices of subjectively experienced work stress. Their contribution should mainly be sought in the quantification of the load on the body exerted by stress, the latter being the mediator of the health effects of work stress. For the most widely used physiological parameters in the field of work stress – blood pressure, heart rate, cardiac autonomic indices, adrenalin and cortisol – their physiology is described, their measurement techniques outlined, and an overall picture furnished with respect to differences observed between high- and low-work stress populations. Finally some suggestions are given with respect to future directions this field may take: focus on individual differences in physiological stress-sensitivity; quantification of recovery, and quantification of the effects of individual or workplace interventions.

Non-Invasive Cuffless Blood Pressure Monitoring System

2017 ◽  
pp. 174-194
Author(s):  
Harinderjit Singh ◽  
Dilip Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Blood Pressure Monitoring ◽  
Pulse Transit Time ◽  
The Body ◽  
Peak Time ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Inflatable Cuff ◽  
Measuring Devices ◽  
Cuffless Blood Pressure ◽  
Electrocardiogram Ecg

These days most of the Blood Pressure (BP) measuring devices are having inflatable cuff that is needed to be occluded on the patient's arm for measuring blood pressure. This technique is not suitable in cases where continuous measurement of BP is required. Therefore, this work is aimed at designing of non-invasive and continuously monitors the blood pressure by using Pulse Transit Time (PTT) technique. For taking out PTT both of the signals are extracted from the body of the patient with the help of bio sensors i.e. Electrocardiogram (ECG) sensor and Photoplethysmogram (PPG) sensor. PTT was measured by taking the peak to peak time difference of ECG signal and PPG signal and this PTT is indirectly correlated with blood pressure, based on which Systolic Blood Pressure (SBP) and Diastolic Blood Pressure (DBP) is calculated.

scholarly journals Dynamics of variability of the animal heart rhythm and its correlation with economic parameters and age

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
pp. 00095
Author(s):  
A. S. Emelyanova ◽  
L. G. Kashirina ◽  
E. E. Stepura ◽  
S. D. Emelyanov ◽  
Yu. P. Borycheva
Keyword(s):  
Physiological State ◽  
Heart Rhythm ◽  
The Body ◽  
Cattle Breeding ◽  
Endogenous Factors ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Functional Reserves ◽  
Dairy Cattle Breeding ◽  
Domestic Livestock ◽  
Economic Use

For several years, strengthened state support caused a situation, when domestic livestock has reached the European level on many qualitative and quantitative parameters. At the same time, dairy cattle breeding remains one of the most problematic branches. Intense loads during economic use lead to a decrease in vital energy and functional and physiological reserves of the body. The problem of reducing the economic characteristics of cows with age is relevant. In this regard, many questions related to the need to preserve these functional reserves arise and the latter can be studied using non-invasive methods. One of such methods is cardiointervalometry of heart rate variability. The method allows evaluating the physiological state of the animal, which can be influenced by both exogenous and endogenous factors.

Testing the impact of physiological stress response on police performance during critical job tasks

2020 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lois James ◽  
Michael S. Goldstein ◽  
Peter Lecy ◽  
Stephen Mase
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Police Officers ◽  
Physiological Stress ◽  
The Body ◽  
Stress Profile ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Body Of Knowledge ◽  
The Impact

PurposeTo add to the existing body of knowledge on the relationship between stress and job performance in policing, we monitored police officers' physiology using Hexoskin shirts while they responded to simulated scenarios.Design/methodology/approachWe employed mixed repeated measures (baseline, intervention, post-intervention), between groups (treatment vs control group) design. Using this approach, our aims were (1) to determine whether an individualized physiological stress profile—a combination of heart rate (HR), heart rate variability (HRV), sympathetic nervous system (SNS) index and parasympathetic nervous system (PNS) index—could be developed for each participant; (2) to investigate the association between physiological stress and scenario performance and (3) to pilot test an intervention for decreasing physiological stress in real time.FindingsWe found that it was possible to individualize physiological stress profiles for each participant that alerted us when the participant was becoming stressed. We also found that physiological stress was significantly and negatively/inversely associated with scenario performance. However, our intervention to try and decrease participants' stress in real time was not successful. Several key lessons can be taken from our attempt that could inform future efforts in this area.Research limitations/implicationsThis was a small pilot study, precluding generalizability of results. Furthermore, our intervention was simplistic and potentially affected by an experimenter effect. Future research should explore better ways to intervene when officers are becoming physiologically stressed to help them overcome stress in real time and safeguard against the cumulative effects of stress on health and performance.Originality/valueThis research adds to the body of knowledge on physiological stress and job-task performance in police officers.

Does the Body Move the Soul? The Impact of Arousal on Music Preference

2011 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-50 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Schäfer ◽  
Peter Sedlmeier
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Skin Conductance ◽  
Emotional Arousal ◽  
Physiological Arousal ◽  
The Body ◽  
Music Preference ◽  
Physiological Measures ◽  
Subjective Impression ◽  
Body Move ◽  
The Impact

people often report changes in emotional arousal when listening to their preferred music. Can this subjective impression be related to objective physiological measures? And if so, does preference induce arousal or could arousal also influence preference? In Study 1, participants listened to 18 pieces of music and rated the strength of preference as well as their experienced emotional arousal for each piece. In addition, physiological arousal was measured via heart rate, skin conductance, and respiration rate. Results showed that subjective reports about emotional arousal were much more closely connected to the strength of music preference than were physiological measures such as heart rate or skin conductance. The two types of arousal (emotional, physiological) were not substantially associated with each other. In Study 2, we manipulated physiological arousal while one group of participants watched their faces in a mirror during music listening. Effects on music preference differed: For a given piece of unknown music, higher induced arousal yielded higher preference ratings. However, this result only held when the music was not too complex. The results indicated that arousal was not solely a consequence of listening to preferred music but might also be a potent determinant of music preference.

scholarly journals Features of the relationship between cardiointervalographic indices and constitutional characteristics in highly skilled mesomorphic somatotype wrestlers

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 44-50
Author(s):  
A.V. Syvak ◽  
L.A. Sarafyniuk ◽  
P.V. Sarafyniuk ◽  
L.I. Pilhanchuk ◽  
N.O. Sorokina
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Heart Rate Variability ◽  
Correlation Analysis ◽  
Heart Rhythm ◽  
Component Composition ◽  
The Body ◽  
External Structure ◽  
Highly Skilled ◽  
High Level ◽  
The Relationship

Mechanisms of regulation of cardiac rhythm have many individual features, which are conditioned by age, sex, training of the organism, strength and nature of external influence, constitutional features of the organism. The purpose of the work is to determine the relationship between cardiointervalographic indices and parameters of the external structure of the body in highly skilled wrestlers of the mesomorphic somatotype. The study involved 24 wrestlers between the ages of 17 and 21 with a high level of sportsmanship and more than 3 years of experience. All of the wrestlers were of medium weight and engaged in free and Greco-Roman wrestling. We conducted a study of heart rate variability on the cardiac computer diagnostic complex “OPTW” following the recommendations of the European and North American Cardiac Association (1996). The indices of vegetative homeostasis according to Bayevsky, variational heart rate, statistical and spectral cardiointervalographic indicators were determined. Anthropometry was performed according to the method of V.V. Bunak (1941), somatotypological study – by the calculated modification of the Heath-Carter method (1990), determination of the component composition of body weight by the method of Matejko (1992). In the package “STATISTICA 5.5” correlation analysis was performed using the nonparametric Spearman statistical method. It was found that in the wrestlers of the mesomorphic somatotype, the variations of the pulsometry had the highest number and strength of reliable correlations with constitutional parameters, most of which were inverse of the mean force. All statistical indicators of heart rate variability with indicators of the external structure of the body had only inverse significant correlations. The least significant correlations were found for spectral indices and parameters of vegetative homeostasis. According to the results of the correlation analysis in the wrestlers of the mesomorphic somatotype, we can assume that with the increase of total, longitudinal, circumferential, transverse body sizes and muscle and bone mass, the variability of the heart rhythm of the sympathetic department of the autonomic nervous system will be more pronounced.

scholarly journals CRANIAL BASE SYMMETRIC AND NORMAL LOWER JAW ROTATION

2015 ◽  
Vol 61 (3) ◽  
pp. 231-237
Author(s):  
Mohamed Khwanda ◽  
◽  
Yazan Jahjah ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Cranial Base ◽  
The Body ◽  
Adult Patients ◽  
Normal Type ◽  
Lower Jaw ◽  
Angular Measurements ◽  
The Face ◽  
Cranial Fossa ◽  
High Level ◽  
The Brain

Understanding the complexities of cranial base development, function, and architecture is important for testing hypotheses about many aspects of craniofacial variation and evolution. Architecturally, the cranial base provides the platform upon which the brain grows and around which the face grows. In addition, the cranial base connects the cranium with the rest of the body: it articulates with the vertebral column and the mandible, provides conduits for all the vital neural and circulatory connections between the brain, the face and the neck, houses and connects the sense organs in the skull, and forms the roof of the nasopharynx. The shape of the cranial base is therefore a multifactorial product of numerous phylogenetic, developmental, and functional interactions. Aim. The aim of this research is to perform a morphometric analysis of the skull base to investigate the symmetry between the two hemibases of the cranial fossa with each other in adult patients with normal type of lower jaw rotation using cone beam copmuted tomography CBCT in transversal plane. Materials and methods. In result of radiographic study, 35 Caucasian adult patients with no prior orthodontics treatment were selected (16 males, 19 females) from 16 to 27 years (mean age of 20.02 years: females average age was 20.15 years; males average age was 21.84 years) of age with normal type of lower jaw rotation according to the sum of Björk. Pearson’s Correlation Coefficient was calculated to investigate the symmetry between the two hemibases of the cranial fossa with each other. Results. A difference was found amongst the two genders of the sample subjects in the strength of the correlation between the CBCT angular measurements evaluating the two hemibases of the cranial base symmetry. Conclusion. A difference was found amongst the two genders. This study found no exact symmetry between the samples, but it was in high level for adult females.

scholarly journals Assessment of Heart Rate Variability in Fibromyalgia after Micro-physiotherapy.

2014 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
pp. 189
Author(s):  
Adriano Pinto Pereira ◽  
Eluciene Maria dos Santos Carvalho ◽  
Ivo Ilvan Kerppers ◽  
Meiriélly Furmann ◽  
Juliana Aparecida Wosch Pires ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Heart Rate Variability ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Treatment Method ◽  
The Body ◽  
Autonomous Nervous System ◽  
Self Healing ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
A Value ◽  
Before And After

Introduction: Fibromyalgia syndrome is characterized by musculo-skeletal pain. Heart rate variability (HRV) is a versatile and promising non-invasive marker of the autonomous nervous system. Micro-physiotherapy involves manual physiotherapy that seeks to identify the primary cause of a disease or symptom and to stimulate self-healing, in which the body recognizes the aggressor (antigen) and begins the elimination process, through cellular and tissue reprogramming. Method: The sample was composed of 15 individuals, aged between 35 and 40 years, with fibromyalgia. The Nerve Express method was used to assess the variability of the heart rate. Two sessions of micro-physiotherapy were conducted using global methods, with an interval of 45 days between sessions. Results: Based on the HRV results, the high frequency band was confirmed at p=0.203, with the low frequency recording a statistically significant value of p=0.001, thereby demonstrating sympathetic activity. Upon comparison of the mean heartbeat before and after treatment, a value of p=0.0006 was obtained. A value of p=0.049 was recorded in the analysis of the median R-R interval values. Conclusion: The use of micro-physiotherapy as a treatment method for fibromyalgia effectively improved the lives of patients by promoting sympathicotonia.

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