Use of solvent extraction–indigenous microbial degradation technology to repair soils contaminated by high concentrations of mechanical oil

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guo Chen ◽  
Zhongyi Yin ◽  
Anping Liu ◽  
Xuxu Zheng
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Solvent Extraction ◽  
Soil Organic Matter ◽  
Microbial Degradation ◽  
Sugar Content ◽  
Soluble Sugar ◽  
Root Activity ◽  
Contaminated Site ◽  
Soluble Sugar Content ◽  
Water Holding

AbstractRemediation of soils contaminated by mechanical oil has become a difficult problem worldwide. In this study, soil contaminated by mechanical oil was repaired by domestication and inoculation of microorganisms collected from the contaminated site, and soil quality and plant growth indexes were evaluated to verify the efficacy of our solvent extraction–indigenous microbial degradation technology. Solvent extraction of the contaminated soil removed 97.03% mechanical oil, increased soil water-holding capacity by 68.20%, and improved root activity and soluble sugar content of alfalfa plants. However, solvent extraction depleted 82.98% of the soil organic matter. Screening and domestication of strain TB-6 from the contaminated site revealed that it is anEnterobacterwith obvious degradation effects on petroleum hydrocarbons (C15–C28). After the solvent-extracted soil was inoculated with TB-6 for 30 days, the soil structure became loose; degradation rate of residual mechanical oil was 19.45%; and soil organic matter content, water-holding capacity, alfalfa root activity, and soluble sugar content increased by 35.00%, 9.01%, 44.60%, and 7.03%, respectively. These results indicate that TB-6 has a good repairing effect on the soil after solvent extraction, and the combined technology efficiently removed mechanical oil from the soil and reduced the damage caused by the solvent.

Allelopathic effects of Festuca arundinacea variety Millennium2 leaf aqueous extracts on seedlings growth of 10 fescue varieties

2021 ◽  
Vol 52 (1) ◽  
pp. 73-84
Author(s):  
Xiao Xu ◽  
Zhongyin Liang ◽  
Xiaoyu Li ◽  
Ruixia Yang ◽  
Jichen Xu
Keyword(s):  
Festuca Arundinacea ◽  
Sugar Content ◽  
Soluble Sugar ◽  
Root Activity ◽  
Aqueous Extracts ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Physiological Factor ◽  
Soluble Sugar Content ◽  
Malondialdehyde Content ◽  
Allelopathic Effects

The allelopathic effects of fescue (Festuca arundinacea) variety ‘Milennium’ 2 leaf aqueous extracts on 10 fescue varieties were assayed. The 50 mg·ml-1 treatment increased the biomass and physiological indices (soluble sugar content, malondialdehyde content and root activity), whereas the 100 mg·ml-1 and 150 mg·ml-1 treatments were inhibitory. There was variable response of fescue varieties to different treatments, the varieties (Aries, Millennium2, and Free star) were most sensitive to the leaf extracts, while Greenlabel, Lenge maste, and Arid3 varieties were least sensitive. The treatments most affected the physiological factor, relative electrolyte leakage, followed by the soluble sugar content, malondialdehyde content, and root activity. These results suggested that sowing an appropriate combination and proportion of grass varieties may be better to improve the lawn quality than the continuous use of a single grass variety.

The Influence of Chlorophenoxy Herbicides MCPA on Creeping Bentgrass Physiological Index

2011 ◽  
Vol 356-360 ◽  
pp. 2763-2766 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yang Fan Gao ◽  
Ming Wang Shi ◽  
Jian Hua Wang
Keyword(s):  
Chlorophyll Content ◽  
Sugar Content ◽  
Soluble Sugar ◽  
Creeping Bentgrass ◽  
Physiological Index ◽  
Soluble Sugar Content ◽  
Content Determination ◽  
Chlorophenoxy Herbicides ◽  
Test Result

In this article, we studied to different concentrations of MCPA to creeping bentgrass Growth. Through the creeping bentgrass in four different periods of chlorophyll content, MDA and soluble sugar content determination. This test result showed:With the MCPA concentration increases, creeping bentgrass decline of chlorophyll content in the same period of growth, MDA and soluble sugar content increased. MCPA used after the early pair of creeping bentgrass growth is large, to put off with MCPA handle time, to affect to creeping bentgrass growth is gradually decreased.

Microbial Degradation of Five Substituted Urea Herbicides

Weed Science ◽  
1969 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 52-55 ◽  
Author(s):  
Don S. Murray ◽  
Walter L. Rieck ◽  
J. Q. Lynd
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Soil Organic Matter ◽  
Microbial Degradation ◽  
Avena Sativa ◽  
High Nitrogen ◽  
Herbicide Degradation ◽  
Nitrogen Levels ◽  
Degradation Rates ◽  
Residual Herbicide ◽  
Substituted Urea

Phytotoxicity of five substituted urea herbicides 3-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-1,1-dimethylurea (diuron), 3-(p-chlorophenyl)-1,1-dimethylurea (monuron), 3-phenyl-1,1-dimethylurea (fenuron), 3-hexahydro-4,7-methanoindan-5-yl) −1,1-dimethylurea (norea), and 3-(m-trifluoromethylphenyl)-1,1-dimethylurea (fluometuron) at 0, 10, 100, and 1000 ppm were determined in factorial combination at four urea nitrogen levels of 0, 45, 450, and 900 ppm with three Aspergilli: A. niger, A. sydowi, and A. tamarii. Response interactions were apparent, with all three fungi most tolerant for fenuron and least for diuron. Apparent tolerance order of the three intermediates were: A. niger, norea > fluometuron > monuron; A. sydowi, fluometuron > monuron > norea; and A. tamarii, fluometuron > norea > monuron. Oat (Avena sativa L.) bioassay for residual herbicide toxicity indicated significant differences in herbicide degradation rates between these three fungi at 5, 10, and 20 ppm in Eufaula sand. Diuron was more rapidly degraded than monuron at these levels with fluometuron and norea somewhat intermediate. A. niger was most effective in degradation of these herbicides with A. tamarii greater than A. sydowi. High nitrogen levels in soil organic matter amendment generally favored increased rates of urea herbicide degradation.

scholarly journals A Long-Day Photoperiod and 6-Benzyladenine Promote Runner Formation through Upregulation of Soluble Sugar Content in Strawberry

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (14) ◽  
pp. 4917
Author(s):  
Yali Li ◽  
Jiangtao Hu ◽  
Hao Wei ◽  
Byoung Ryong Jeong
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Sugar Content ◽  
Soluble Sugar ◽  
Orthogonal Test ◽  
Influential Factor ◽  
Asexual Propagation ◽  
Soluble Sugar Content ◽  
Long Day ◽  
Seed Propagation ◽  
Dimensional Electrophoresis

Commercial strawberries are mainly propagated using daughter plants produced on aerial runners because asexual propagation is faster than seed propagation, and daughter plants retain the characteristics of the mother plant. This study was conducted to investigate the effective factors for runner induction, as well as the molecular mechanisms behind the runner induction. An orthogonal test with 4 factors (photoperiod, temperature, gibberellin, and 6-benzyladenine), each with 3 levels was performed. Proteins were also extracted from the crowns with or without runners and separated by two-dimensional electrophoresis. The results of the orthogonal test showed that a long-day (LD) environment was the most influential factor for the runner formation, and 50 mg·L−1 of 6-BA significantly increased the number of runners. A proteomic analysis revealed that 32 proteins were differentially expressed (2-fold, p < 0.05) in the strawberry crowns with and without runners. A total of 16 spots were up-regulated in the crowns with runners induced by LD treatment. Identified proteins were classified into seven groups according to their biological roles. The most prominent groups were carbohydrate metabolism and photosynthesis, which indicated that the carbohydrate content may increase during runner formation. A further analysis demonstrated that the soluble sugar content was positively correlated with the number of runners. Thus, it is suggested that the photoperiod and 6-BA break the dormancy of the axillary buds and produce runners by increasing the soluble sugar content in strawberry.

scholarly journals Effects of Biochar on Soluble Sugar Content in Peach Seedlings

2019 ◽  
Vol 136 ◽  
pp. 07010
Author(s):  
Jing Sun ◽  
Zhiyu Li ◽  
Jinpeng Zhu ◽  
Yuxi Wang ◽  
Tonghao Cui ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wheat Straw ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Sugar Content ◽  
Soluble Sugar ◽  
Stem Diameter ◽  
Corn Straw ◽  
Paddy Straw ◽  
Soluble Sugar Content ◽  
Rape Straw ◽  
Significant Difference

A pot experiment was conducted to study the effects of different biochar types [addition of rape straw biochar (RB), addition of paddy straw biochar (PB), addition of wheat straw biochar (WB) and addition of corn straw biochar (MB)] on the soluble sugar content and plant height of peach seedlings. The result showed that the soluble sugar content in roots and leaves of peach seedlings treated with biochar was lower than the control. However, the soluble sugar content in stems was higher than control compared with the control. In the soluble sugar content in the aboveground part, there was no significant difference between the treatment of adding biochar and the control except for the treatment of PB. All the treatment of adding biochar increased the plant height of peach seedlings except the treatment of MB than the control and the treatment of RB and PB were at a higher level. Compared to control, all biochar addition treatments increased stem diameter of peach seedlings and the treatment of RB and PB were at a higher level. Therefore, the treatment of RB and PB was beneficial to the growth of peach seedlings.

Genetic characteristics and QTL analysis of the soluble sugar content in ripe tomato fruits

2021 ◽  
Vol 276 ◽  
pp. 109785
Author(s):  
Yao Tang ◽  
Jing Ren ◽  
Chunxin Liu ◽  
Jingbin Jiang ◽  
Huanhuan Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Qtl Analysis ◽  
Sugar Content ◽  
Soluble Sugar ◽  
Tomato Fruits ◽  
Genetic Characteristics ◽  
Soluble Sugar Content ◽  
Ripe Tomato

scholarly journals WHIRLY1 Regulates HSP21.5A Expression to Promote Thermotolerance in Tomato

2019 ◽  
Vol 61 (1) ◽  
pp. 169-177 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kunyang Zhuang ◽  
Yangyang Gao ◽  
Zhuangbin Liu ◽  
Pengfei Diao ◽  
Na Sui ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heat Stress ◽  
Heat Shock ◽  
Crop Yields ◽  
Sugar Content ◽  
Soluble Sugar ◽  
Membrane Stability ◽  
Heat Shock Factors ◽  
Soluble Sugar Content ◽  
Ros Accumulation ◽  
Elicitor Response

Abstract Heat stress poses a major threat to plant productivity and crop yields. The induction of heat shock proteins (HSPs) by heat shock factors is a principal defense response of plants exposed to heat stress. In this study, we identified and analyzed the heat stress-induced Whirly1 (SlWHY1) gene in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum). We generated various SlWHY1-overexpressing (OE) and SlWHY1-RNA interference (RNAi) lines to investigate the role of WHIRLY1 in thermotolerance. Compared with the wild type (WT), the OE lines showed less wilting, as reflected by their increased membrane stability and soluble sugar content and reduced reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation under heat stress. By contrast, RNAi lines with inhibited SlWHY1 expression showed the opposite phenotype and corresponding physiological indices under heat stress. The heat-induced gene SlHSP21.5A, encoding an endoplasmic reticulum-localized HSP, was upregulated in the OE lines and downregulated in the RNAi lines compared with the WT. RNAi-mediated inhibition of SlHSP21.5A expression also resulted in reduced membrane stability and soluble sugar content and increased ROS accumulation under heat stress compared with the WT. SlWHY1 binds to the elicitor response element-like element in the promoter of SlHSP21.5A to activate its transcription. These findings suggest that SlWHY1 promotes thermotolerance in tomato by regulating SlHSP21.5A expression.

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