scholarly journals D1 and D2 systems converge in the striatum to update goal-directed learning

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miriam Matamales ◽  
Alice E. McGovern ◽  
Jia Dai Mi ◽  
Stuart B. Mazzone ◽  
Bernard W. Balleine ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Transcriptional Activation ◽  
Behavioral Control ◽  
Dorsal Striatum ◽  
Projection Neurons ◽  
Extinction Learning ◽  
Striatal Projection Neurons ◽  
New Learning ◽  
Large Ensembles ◽  
Directed Learning

AbstractExtinction learning allows animals to withhold voluntary actions that are no longer related to reward and so provides a major source of behavioral control. Although such learning is thought to depend on dopamine signals in the striatum, the way the circuits mediating goal-directed control are reorganized during new learning remains unknown. Here, by mapping a dopamine-dependent transcriptional activation marker in large ensembles of striatal projection neurons (SPNs) expressing dopamine receptor type 1 (D1-SPNs) or 2 (D2-SPNs) in mice, we demonstrate an extensive and dynamic D2- to D1-SPN trans-modulation across the dorsal striatum that is necessary for updating previous goal-directed learning. Our findings suggest that D2-SPNs suppress the influence of outdated D1-SPN plasticity within functionally relevant striatal territories to reshape volitional action.

Local D2- to D1-neuron transmodulation updates goal-directed learning in the striatum

Science ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 367 (6477) ◽  
pp. 549-555 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miriam Matamales ◽  
Alice E. McGovern ◽  
Jia Dai Mi ◽  
Stuart B. Mazzone ◽  
Bernard W. Balleine ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dopamine Receptor ◽  
Transcriptional Activation ◽  
Behavioral Control ◽  
Receptor Type ◽  
Projection Neurons ◽  
Extinction Learning ◽  
New Learning ◽  
Large Ensembles ◽  
Directed Learning

Extinction learning allows animals to withhold voluntary actions that are no longer related to reward and so provides a major source of behavioral control. Although such learning is thought to depend on dopamine signals in the striatum, the way the circuits that mediate goal-directed control are reorganized during new learning remains unknown. Here, by mapping a dopamine-dependent transcriptional activation marker in large ensembles of spiny projection neurons (SPNs) expressing dopamine receptor type 1 (D1-SPNs) or 2 (D2-SPNs) in mice, we demonstrate an extensive and dynamic D2- to D1-SPN transmodulation across the striatum that is necessary for updating previous goal-directed learning. Our findings suggest that D2-SPNs suppress the influence of outdated D1-SPN plasticity within functionally relevant striatal territories to reshape volitional action.

scholarly journals GABA uptake transporters support dopamine release in dorsal striatum with maladaptive downregulation in a parkinsonism model

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bradley M. Roberts ◽  
Natalie M. Doig ◽  
Katherine R. Brimblecombe ◽  
Emanuel F. Lopes ◽  
Ruth E. Siddorn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dorsal Striatum ◽  
Gaba Uptake ◽  
Projection Neurons ◽  
Nucleus Accumbens Core ◽  
Dorsolateral Striatum ◽  
Striatal Projection Neurons ◽  
Maladaptive Plasticity ◽  
Uptake Transporters ◽  
Da Release ◽  
Accumbens Core

Abstract Striatal dopamine (DA) is critical for action and learning. Recent data show that DA release is under tonic inhibition by striatal GABA. Ambient striatal GABA tone on striatal projection neurons can be determined by plasma membrane GABA uptake transporters (GATs) located on astrocytes and neurons. However, whether striatal GATs and astrocytes determine DA output are unknown. We reveal that DA release in mouse dorsolateral striatum, but not nucleus accumbens core, is governed by GAT-1 and GAT-3. These GATs are partly localized to astrocytes, and are enriched in dorsolateral striatum compared to accumbens core. In a mouse model of early parkinsonism, GATs are downregulated, tonic GABAergic inhibition of DA release augmented, and nigrostriatal GABA co-release attenuated. These data define previously unappreciated and important roles for GATs and astrocytes in supporting DA release in striatum, and reveal a maladaptive plasticity in early parkinsonism that impairs DA output in vulnerable striatal regions.

scholarly journals Repression of Dlx1/2 Signaling by Nolz-1/Znf503 is Essential for Parcellation of the Striatal Complex into Dorsal and Ventral Striatum

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kuan-Ming Lu ◽  
Shih-Yun Chen ◽  
Hsin-An Ko ◽  
Ting-Hao Huang ◽  
Janice Hsin-Jou Hao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Transcription Factors ◽  
Ventral Striatum ◽  
Dorsal Striatum ◽  
Clinical Importance ◽  
Projection Neurons ◽  
Striatal Neurons ◽  
Addictive Disorders ◽  
Striatal Projection Neurons ◽  
Cells Of Origin ◽  
Set Up

ABSTRACTThe division of the striatum into dorsal and ventral districts is of central clinical importance. The dorsal striatum is differentially affected in Huntington’s disease, dopamine in the ventral striatum is differentially spared in Parkinson’s disease, and human brain imaging studies implicate the ventral striatum in addictive disorders. If fits that the dorsal striatum contains the cells of origin of the direct and indirect basal ganglia pathways for motor control. The ventral striatum is a node in neural circuits related to motivation and affect. Despite these striking neurobiologic contrasts, there is almost no information about how the dorsal and ventral divisions of the striatum are set up during development. Here, we demonstrate that interactions between the two key transcription factors Nolz-1 and Dlx1/2 control the migratory paths of developing striatal neurons to the dorsal or ventral striatum. Moreover, these same transcription factors control the cell identity of striatal projection neurons in both the dorsal and ventral striatum including the cell origin of the direct and indirect pathways. We show that Nolz-1 suppresses Dlx1/2 expression. Deletion of Nolz-1 or over-expression of Dlx1/2 can produce a striatal phenotype characterized by withered dorsal striatum and a swollen ventral striatum, and that we can rescue this phenotype by manipulating the interactions between Nolz-1 and Dlx1/2 transcription factors. This evidence suggests that the fundamental basis for divisions of the striatum known to be differentially vulnerable at maturity is already encoded by the time embryonic striatal neurons begin their migrations into the developing striatum.

scholarly journals Mechanism for differential recruitment of orbitostriatal transmission during outcomes and actions in alcohol dependence

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rafael Renteria ◽  
Christian Cazares ◽  
Emily T. Baltz ◽  
Drew C. Schreiner ◽  
Ege A. Yalcinbas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Alcohol Dependence ◽  
Dorsal Striatum ◽  
Psychiatric Disease ◽  
Projection Neurons ◽  
Orbital Frontal Cortex ◽  
Underlying Mechanisms ◽  
Reduced Activity

AbstractPsychiatric disease often produces symptoms that have divergent effects on neural activity. For example, in drug dependence, dysfunctional value-based decision-making and compulsive-like actions have been linked to hypo- and hyper-activity of orbital frontal cortex (OFC)-basal ganglia circuits, respectively, however, the underlying mechanisms are unknown. Here we show that alcohol dependence enhanced activity in OFC terminals in dorsal striatum (OFC-DS) associated with actions, but reduced activity of the same terminals during periods of outcome retrieval, corresponding with a loss of outcome control over decision-making. Disrupted OFC-DS terminal activity was due to a dysfunction of dopamine-type 1 receptors on spiny projection neurons (D1R SPNs) that resulted in increased retrograde endocannabinoid (eCB) signaling at OFC-D1R SPN synapses reducing OFC-DS transmission. Blocking CB1 receptors restored OFC-DS activity in vivo and rescued outcome-based control over decision-making. These findings demonstrate a circuit-, synapse-, and computation specific mechanism gating OFC activity following the induction of alcohol dependence.

scholarly journals Dopamine D4 Receptor Is a Regulator of Morphine-Induced Plasticity in the Rat Dorsal Striatum

Cells ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 31
Author(s):  
Alicia Rivera ◽  
Diana Suárez-Boomgaard ◽  
Cristina Miguelez ◽  
Alejandra Valderrama-Carvajal ◽  
Jérôme Baufreton ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Critical Role ◽  
Combined Treatment ◽  
Dorsal Striatum ◽  
Prolonged Treatment ◽  
Projection Neurons ◽  
Spine Density ◽  
Dopamine D4 Receptor ◽  
Striatal Projection Neurons ◽  
D4 Receptor

Long-term exposition to morphine elicits structural and synaptic plasticity in reward-related regions of the brain, playing a critical role in addiction. However, morphine-induced neuroadaptations in the dorsal striatum have been poorly studied despite its key function in drug-related habit learning. Here, we show that prolonged treatment with morphine triggered the retraction of the dendritic arbor and the loss of dendritic spines in the dorsal striatal projection neurons (MSNs). In an attempt to extend previous findings, we also explored whether the dopamine D4 receptor (D4R) could modulate striatal morphine-induced plasticity. The combined treatment of morphine with the D4R agonist PD168,077 produced an expansion of the MSNs dendritic arbors and restored dendritic spine density. At the electrophysiological level, PD168,077 in combination with morphine altered the electrical properties of the MSNs and decreased their excitability. Finally, results from the sustantia nigra showed that PD168,077 counteracted morphine-induced upregulation of μ opioid receptors (MOR) in striatonigral projections and downregulation of G protein-gated inward rectifier K+ channels (GIRK1 and GIRK2) in dopaminergic cells. The present results highlight the key function of D4R modulating morphine-induced plasticity in the dorsal striatum. Thus, D4R could represent a valuable pharmacological target for the safety use of morphine in pain management.

scholarly journals Mechanism for differential recruitment of orbitostriatal transmission during actions and outcomes following chronic alcohol exposure

eLife ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rafael Renteria ◽  
Christian Cazares ◽  
Emily T Baltz ◽  
Drew C Schreiner ◽  
Ege A Yalcinbas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Dorsal Striatum ◽  
Alcohol Exposure ◽  
Psychiatric Disease ◽  
Projection Neurons ◽  
Orbital Frontal Cortex ◽  
Underlying Mechanisms ◽  
Reduced Activity

Psychiatric disease often produces symptoms that have divergent effects on neural activity. For example, in drug dependence, dysfunctional value-based decision-making and compulsive-like actions have been linked to hypo- and hyper-activity of orbital frontal cortex (OFC)-basal ganglia circuits, respectively, however, the underlying mechanisms are unknown. Here we show that alcohol exposed mice have enhanced activity in OFC terminals in dorsal striatum (OFC-DS) associated with actions, but reduced activity of the same terminals during periods of outcome retrieval, corresponding with a loss of outcome control over decision-making. Disrupted OFC-DS terminal activity was due to a dysfunction of dopamine-type 1 receptors on spiny projection neurons (D1R SPNs) that resulted in increased retrograde endocannabinoid (eCB) signaling at OFC-D1R SPN synapses reducing OFC-DS transmission. Blocking CB1 receptors restored OFC-DS activity in vivo and rescued outcome-based control over decision-making. These findings demonstrate a circuit-, synapse-, and computation specific mechanism gating OFC activity in alcohol exposed mice.

scholarly journals Parcellation of the striatal complex into dorsal and ventral districts

2020 ◽  
Vol 117 (13) ◽  
pp. 7418-7429 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shih-Yun Chen ◽  
Kuan-Ming Lu ◽  
Hsin-An Ko ◽  
Ting-Hao Huang ◽  
Janice Hsin-Jou Hao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Transcription Factors ◽  
Ventral Striatum ◽  
Dorsal Striatum ◽  
Clinical Importance ◽  
Projection Neurons ◽  
Striatal Neurons ◽  
Striatal Projection Neurons ◽  
Tier System ◽  
And Migration ◽  
Set Up

The striatal complex of basal ganglia comprises two functionally distinct districts. The dorsal district controls motor and cognitive functions. The ventral district regulates the limbic function of motivation, reward, and emotion. The dorsoventral parcellation of the striatum also is of clinical importance as differential striatal pathophysiologies occur in Huntington’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, and drug addiction disorders. Despite these striking neurobiologic contrasts, it is largely unknown how the dorsal and ventral divisions of the striatum are set up. Here, we demonstrate that interactions between the two key transcription factors Nolz-1 and Dlx1/2 control the migratory paths of striatal neurons to the dorsal or ventral striatum. Moreover, these same transcription factors control the cell identity of striatal projection neurons in both the dorsal and the ventral striata including the D1-direct and D2-indirect pathways. We show that Nolz-1, through the I12b enhancer, represses Dlx1/2, allowing normal migration of striatal neurons to dorsal and ventral locations. We demonstrate that deletion, up-regulation, and down-regulation of Nolz-1 and Dlx1/2 can produce a striatal phenotype characterized by a withered dorsal striatum and an enlarged ventral striatum and that we can rescue this phenotype by manipulating the interactions between Nolz-1 and Dlx1/2 transcription factors. Our study indicates that the two-tier system of striatal complex is built by coupling of cell-type identity and migration and suggests that the fundamental basis for divisions of the striatum known to be differentially vulnerable at maturity is already encoded by the time embryonic striatal neurons begin their migrations into developing striata.

scholarly journals Regulation des Angstverhaltens — zur Rolle neuronaler Netzwerke

BIOspektrum ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (7) ◽  
pp. 711-714
Author(s):  
Nina Dedic ◽  
Jan M. Deussing
Keyword(s):  
Stress Response ◽  
Ventral Tegmental Area ◽  
Long Range ◽  
Dopamine Release ◽  
Receptor Type ◽  
Projection Neurons ◽  
Neuronal Circuit ◽  
Brain Reward ◽  
Crh Receptor Type 1

AbstractThe corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH) system orchestrates the organism’s stress response including the regulation of adaptive be haviours. Here we describe a novel neuronal circuit, which acts anxiety suppressing and positively modulates dopamine release. This anxiolytic circuit comprises inhibitory CRH-expressing, long-range projection neurons within the extended amygdala. These neurons innervate the ventral tegmental area, a prominent brain reward center that expresses high levels of CRH receptor type 1.

scholarly journals Increased glutamate transmission onto dorsal striatum spiny projection neurons in Pink1 knockout rats

2021 ◽  
Vol 150 ◽  
pp. 105246
Author(s):  
Rose B. Creed ◽  
Rosalinda C. Roberts ◽  
Charlene B. Farmer ◽  
Lori L. McMahon ◽  
Matthew S. Goldberg
Keyword(s):  
Dorsal Striatum ◽  
Projection Neurons ◽  
Glutamate Transmission
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