scholarly journals Two Seven-Transmembrane Domain MILDEW RESISTANCE LOCUS O Proteins Cofunction in Arabidopsis Root Thigmomorphogenesis

2009 ◽  
Vol 21 (7) ◽  
pp. 1972-1991 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhongying Chen ◽  
Sandra Noir ◽  
Mark Kwaaitaal ◽  
H. Andreas Hartmann ◽  
Ming-Jing Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Transmembrane Domain ◽  
Resistance Locus ◽  
Arabidopsis Root ◽  
Mildew Resistance

scholarly journals Discovery and Characterization of a Novel Tomato mlo Mutant from an EMS Mutagenized Micro-Tom Population

Genes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 719
Author(s):  
Zhe Yan ◽  
Michela Appiano ◽  
Ageeth van Tuinen ◽  
Fien Meijer-Dekens ◽  
Danny Schipper ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Powdery Mildew ◽  
Mutant Allele ◽  
Transmembrane Domain ◽  
Stop Codon ◽  
Premature Stop Codon ◽  
Resistance Locus ◽  
Oidium Neolycopersici ◽  
Mildew Resistance ◽  
Coding Sequence

In tomato (Solanum lycopersicum), there are at least three SlMLO (Mildew resistance Locus O) genes acting as susceptibility genes for the powdery mildew disease caused by Oidium neolycopersici, namely SlMLO1, SlMLO5 and SlMLO8. Of the three homologs, the SlMLO1 gene plays a major role since a natural mutant allele called ol-2 can almost completely prevent fungal penetration by formation of papillae. The ol-2 allele contains a 19-bp deletion in the coding sequence of the SlMLO1 gene, resulting in a premature stop codon within the second cytoplasmic loop of the predicted protein. In this study, we have developed a new genetic resource (M200) in the tomato cv. Micro-Tom genetic background by means of ethyl methane sulfonate (EMS) mutagenesis. The mutant M200 containing a novel allele (the m200 allele) of the tomato SlMLO1 gene showed profound resistance against powdery mildew with no fungal sporulation. Compared to the coding sequence of the SlMLO1 gene, the m200 allele carries a point mutation at T65A. The SNP results in a premature stop codon L22* located in the first transmembrane domain of the complete SlMLO1 protein. The length of the predicted protein is 21 amino acids, while the SlMLO1 full-length protein is 513 amino acids. A high-resolution melting (HRM) marker was developed to distinguish the mutated m200 allele from the SlMLO1 allele in backcross populations. The mutant allele conferred recessive resistance that was associated with papillae formation at fungal penetration sites of plant epidermal cells. A comprehensive list of known mlo mutations found in natural and artificial mutants is presented, which serves as a particularly valuable resource for powdery mildew resistance breeding.

scholarly journals High resolution mapping and candidate gene identification of downy mildew race 16 resistance in spinach

BMC Genomics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gehendra Bhattarai ◽  
Wei Yang ◽  
Ainong Shi ◽  
Chunda Feng ◽  
Braham Dhillon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Candidate Genes ◽  
Downy Mildew ◽  
Association Analysis ◽  
Spinacia Oleracea ◽  
Genotyping By Sequencing ◽  
Significant Snps ◽  
Snp Markers ◽  
Resistance Locus ◽  
Downy Mildew Resistance ◽  
Mildew Resistance

Abstract Background Downy mildew, the most devastating disease of spinach (Spinacia oleracea L.), is caused by the oomycete Peronospora effusa [=P. farinosa f. sp. spinaciae]. The P. effusa shows race specificities to the resistant host and comprises 19 reported races and many novel isolates. Sixteen new P. effusa races were identified during the past three decades, and the new pathogen races are continually overcoming the genetic resistances used in commercial cultivars. A spinach breeding population derived from the cross between cultivars Whale and Lazio was inoculated with P. effusa race 16 in an environment-controlled facility; disease response was recorded and genotyped using genotyping by sequencing (GBS). The main objective of this study was to identify resistance-associated single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers from the cultivar Whale against the P. effusa race 16. Results Association analysis conducted using GBS markers identified six significant SNPs (S3_658,306, S3_692697, S3_1050601, S3_1227787, S3_1227802, S3_1231197). The downy mildew resistance locus from cultivar Whale was mapped to a 0.57 Mb region on chromosome 3, including four disease resistance candidate genes (Spo12736, Spo12784, Spo12908, and Spo12821) within 2.69–11.28 Kb of the peak SNP. Conclusions Genomewide association analysis approach was used to map the P. effusa race 16 resistance loci and identify associated SNP markers and the candidate genes. The results from this study could be valuable in understanding the genetic basis of downy mildew resistance, and the SNP marker will be useful in spinach breeding to select resistant lines.

scholarly journals A critical role for Arabidopsis MILDEW RESISTANCE LOCUS O2 in systemic acquired resistance

2018 ◽  
Vol 94 (6) ◽  
pp. 1064-1082 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katrin Gruner ◽  
Tatyana Zeier ◽  
Christina Aretz ◽  
Jürgen Zeier
Keyword(s):  
Systemic Acquired Resistance ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Acquired Resistance ◽  
Resistance Locus ◽  
Mildew Resistance

Identification and mapping of PmSE5785, a new recessive powdery mildew resistance locus, in synthetic hexaploid wheat

Euphytica ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 207 (3) ◽  
pp. 619-626 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yajuan Wang ◽  
Changyou Wang ◽  
Wei Quan ◽  
Xiujuan Jia ◽  
Ying Fu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Powdery Mildew ◽  
Hexaploid Wheat ◽  
Powdery Mildew Resistance ◽  
Synthetic Hexaploid Wheat ◽  
Resistance Locus ◽  
Mildew Resistance ◽  
Synthetic Hexaploid

scholarly journals Trans-Repression of Gene Activity Upstream of T-DNA Tagged RLK902 Links Arabidopsis Root Growth Inhibition and Downy Mildew Resistance

PLoS ONE ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. e19028 ◽  
Author(s):  
Colette A. ten Hove ◽  
Mark de Jong ◽  
Dmitry Lapin ◽  
Annemiek Andel ◽  
Gabino F. Sanchez-Perez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Root Growth ◽  
Growth Inhibition ◽  
Downy Mildew ◽  
Gene Activity ◽  
Root Growth Inhibition ◽  
Downy Mildew Resistance ◽  
Arabidopsis Root ◽  
Mildew Resistance

scholarly journals Apple Contains Receptor-like Genes Homologous to the Cladosporium fulvum Resistance Gene Family of Tomato with a Cluster of Genes Cosegregating with Vf Apple Scab Resistance

2001 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 508-515 ◽  
Author(s):  
Boris A. Vinatzer ◽  
Andrea Patocchi ◽  
Luca Gianfranceschi ◽  
Stefano Tartarini ◽  
Hong-Bin Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Family ◽  
Resistance Gene ◽  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Transmembrane Domain ◽  
Venturia Inaequalis ◽  
Scab Resistance ◽  
Common Disease ◽  
Resistance Locus ◽  
Cladosporium Fulvum ◽  
High Quality

Scab caused by the fungal pathogen Venturia inaequalis is the most common disease of cultivated apple (Malus × domestica Borkh.). Monogenic resistance against scab is found in some small-fruited wild Malus species and has been used in apple breeding for scab resistance. Vf resistance of Malus floribunda 821 is the most widely used scab resistance source. Because breeding a high-quality cultivar in perennial fruit trees takes dozens of years, cloning disease resistance genes and using them in the transformation of high-quality apple varieties would be advantageous. We report the identification of a cluster of receptor-like genes with homology to the Cladosporium fulvum (Cf) resistance gene family of tomato on bacterial artificial chromosome clones derived from the Vf scab resistance locus. Three members of the cluster were sequenced completely. Similar to the Cf gene family of tomato, the deduced amino acid sequences coded by these genes contain an extracellular leucine-rich repeat domain and a transmembrane domain. The transcription of three members of the cluster was determined by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction to be constitutive, and the transcription and translation start of one member was verified by 5′ rapid amplification of cDNA ends. We discuss the parallels between Cf resistance of tomato and Vf resistance of apple and the possibility that one of the members of the gene cluster is the Vf gene. Cf homologs from other regions of the apple genome also were identified and are likely to present other scab resistance genes.

scholarly journals Cucumber Mildew Resistance Locus O Interacts with Calmodulin and Regulates Plant Cell Death Associated with Plant Immunity

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (12) ◽  
pp. 2995 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guangchao Yu ◽  
Xiangyu Wang ◽  
Qiumin Chen ◽  
Na Cui ◽  
Yang Yu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Death ◽  
Fluorescent Protein ◽  
Plant Immunity ◽  
Bimolecular Fluorescence Complementation ◽  
Marker Genes ◽  
Resistance Locus ◽  
Callose Deposition ◽  
Cucumis Sativus L ◽  
Hypersensitive Cell Death ◽  
Mildew Resistance

Pathogen-induced cell death is closely related to plant disease susceptibility and resistance. The cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) mildew resistance locus O (CsMLO1) and calmodulin (CsCaM3) genes, as molecular components, are linked to nonhost resistance and hypersensitive cell death. In this study, we demonstrate that CsMLO1 interacts with CsCaM3 via yeast two-hybrid, firefly luciferase (LUC) complementation and bimolecular fluorescence complementation (BiFC) experiments. A subcellular localization analysis of green fluorescent protein (GFP) fusion reveals that CsCaM3 is transferred from the cytoplasm to the plasma membrane in Nicotiana benthamiana, and CsCaM3 green fluorescence is significantly attenuated via the coexpression of CsMLO1 and CsCaM3. CsMLO1 negatively regulates CsCaM3 expression in transiently transformed cucumbers, and hypersensitive cell death is disrupted by CsCaM3 and/or CsMLO1 expression under Corynespora cassiicola infection. Additionally, CsMLO1 silencing significantly enhances the expression of reactive oxygen species (ROS)-related genes (CsPO1, CsRbohD, and CsRbohF), defense marker genes (CsPR1 and CsPR3) and callose deposition-related gene (CsGSL) in infected cucumbers. These results suggest that the interaction of CsMLO1 with CsCaM3 may act as a cell death regulator associated with plant immunity and disease.

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