A two-dimensional waveguide beam for X-ray nanodiffraction

The micro- and nanofocus X-ray scattering (MINAXS) beamline of PETRA III is equipped with two consecutively arranged endstations, the last of which is the nanofocus endstation. The first in-beam commissioning of the experimental equipment was successfully performed at the end of 2010, using two-dimensionally confining hard X-ray silicon waveguides with cross sections of 50 nm × 50 µm to 50 nm × 2 µm for nanobeam generation. A full characterization of the waveguide-generated beams was performed, giving values for the beam geometries, the transmission efficiencies of the waveguides and absolute fluxes. Along with these results a detailed description of the setup is presented in this paper. A first high-resolution nanodiffraction experiment on a nanocrystalline TiN hard coating was performed to verify the resolution of the nanodiffraction setup and to reveal the local gradients across the blasted TiN coating. In conclusion, the main concern is the availability of the nanobeam, how it was generated and the fact that a beam out of a two-dimensionally confining waveguide was used for diffraction experiments for the first time.

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A full characterization of the supermassive black hole in IRAS 09149–6206

Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society ◽

10.1093/mnras/staa2961 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 499 (1) ◽

pp. 1480-1498

Author(s):

D J Walton ◽

W N Alston ◽

P Kosec ◽

A C Fabian ◽

L C Gallo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Black Hole ◽

Broad Band ◽

Seyfert Galaxy ◽

Type I ◽

Additional Absorption ◽

X Ray ◽

Full Characterization ◽

Supermassive Black Hole ◽

First Time

ABSTRACT We present new broad-band X-ray observations of the type-I Seyfert galaxy IRAS 09149–6206, taken in 2018 with XMM–Newton, NuSTAR, and Swift. The source is highly complex, showing a classic ‘warm’ X-ray absorber, additional absorption from highly ionized iron, strong relativistic reflection from the innermost accretion disc and further reprocessing by more distant material. By combining X-ray timing and spectroscopy, we have been able to fully characterize the supermassive black hole in this system, constraining both its mass and – for the first time – its spin. The mass is primarily determined by X-ray timing constraints on the break frequency seen in the power spectrum, and is found to be log [MBH/M⊙] = 8.0 ± 0.6 (1σ uncertainties). This is in good agreement with previous estimates based on the H α and H β line widths, and implies that IRAS 09149–6206 is radiating at close to (but still below) its Eddington luminosity. The spin is constrained via detailed modelling of the relativistic reflection, and is found to be $a^* = 0.94^{+0.02}_{-0.07}$ (90 per cent confidence), adding IRAS 09149–6206 to the growing list of radio-quiet active galactic nuclei (AGNs) that host rapidly rotating black holes. The outflow velocities of the various absorption components are all relatively modest (vout ≲ 0.03c), implying these are unlikely to drive significant galaxy-scale AGN feedback.

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Small angle X-ray scattering study of porosity variation in a styrene-divinylbenzene copolymer

Collection of Czechoslovak Chemical Communications ◽

10.1135/cccc19811675 ◽

1981 ◽

Vol 46 (7) ◽

pp. 1675-1681 ◽

Cited By ~ 13

Author(s):

Josef Baldrian ◽

Božena N. Kolarz ◽

Henrik Galina

Keyword(s):

Small Angle ◽

Structural Parameters ◽

Two Phase ◽

X Ray ◽

Porosity Variation ◽

Swelling Agent ◽

X Ray Scattering ◽

Styrene Divinylbenzene ◽

Ray Scattering

Porosity variations induced by swelling agent exchange were studied in a styrene-divinylbenzene copolymer. Standard methods were used in the characterization of copolymer porosity in the dry state and the results were compared with related structural parameters derived from small angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) measurements as developed for the characterization of two-phase systems. The SAXS method was also used for porosity determination in swollen samples. The differences in the porosity of dry samples were found to be an effect of the drying process, while in the swollen state the sample swells and deswells isotropically.

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First characterization of chemical environments using energy dispersive inelastic x-ray scattering induced by an x-ray tube

Review of Scientific Instruments ◽

10.1063/5.0026061 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 92 (1) ◽

pp. 013102

Author(s):

Roberto Daniel Pérez ◽

Juan José Leani ◽

José Ignacio Robledo ◽

Héctor Jorge Sánchez

Keyword(s):

Energy Dispersive ◽

X Ray ◽

X Ray Scattering ◽

Ray Scattering

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A Versatile Approach to Access Trimetallic Complexes Based on Trisphosphinite Ligands

Molecules ◽

10.3390/molecules25030593 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 25 (3) ◽

pp. 593

Author(s):

Juan Miranda-Pizarro ◽

Macarena G. Alférez ◽

M. Dolores Fernández-Martínez ◽

Eleuterio Álvarez ◽

Celia Maya ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Coordination Chemistry ◽

Late Transition Metal ◽

X Ray Diffraction ◽

X Ray ◽

Full Characterization ◽

Metal Precursors ◽

Straightforward Method ◽

One Step ◽

Late Transition

A straightforward method for the preparation of trisphosphinite ligands in one step, using only commercially available reagents (1,1,1-tris(4-hydroxyphenyl)ethane and chlorophosphines) is described. We have made use of this approach to prepare a small family of four trisphosphinite ligands of formula [CH3C{(C6H4OR2)3], where R stands for Ph (1a), Xyl (1b, Xyl = 2,6-Me2-C6H3), iPr (1c), and Cy (1d). These polyfunctional phosphinites allowed us to investigate their coordination chemistry towards a range of late transition metal precursors. As such, we report here the isolation and full characterization of a number of Au(I), Ag(I), Cu(I), Ir(III), Rh(III) and Ru(II) homotrimetallic complexes, including the structural characterization by X-ray diffraction studies of six of these compounds. We have observed that the flexibility of these trisphosphinites enables a variety of conformations for the different trimetallic species.

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Nanostructural Characterization of Oleyl Acid Phosphate in Poly-α-olefin Using Small-angle X-ray Scattering

Chemistry Letters ◽

10.1246/cl.200204 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 49 (7) ◽

pp. 823-825

Author(s):

Yojiro Oba ◽

Ryuhei Motokawa ◽

Masahiro Hino ◽

Nozomu Adachi ◽

Yoshikazu Todaka ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Small Angle ◽

Acid Phosphate ◽

X Ray ◽

X Ray Scattering ◽

Ray Scattering

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Mesoscopic structure of SiC fibers by neutron and x-ray scattering

Journal of Materials Research ◽

10.1557/jmr.1996.0151 ◽

1996 ◽

Vol 11 (5) ◽

pp. 1169-1178 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Kentaro Suzuya ◽

Michihiro Furusaka ◽

Noboru Watanabe ◽

Makoto Osawa ◽

Kiyohito Okamura ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Neutron Scattering ◽

Volume Fraction ◽

X Rays ◽

X Ray ◽

Sic Fibers ◽

X Ray Scattering ◽

Mesoscopic Structure ◽

Angle Scattering ◽

Momentum Transfer Range ◽

First Time

Mesoscopic structures of SiC fibers produced from polycarbosilane by different methods were studied by diffraction and small-angle scattering of neutrons and x-rays. Microvoids of a size of 4–10 Å in diameter have been observed for the first time by neutron scattering in a medium momentum transfer range (Q = 0.1–1.0 Å−1). The size and the volume fraction of β–SiC particles were determined for fibers prepared at different heat-treatment temperatures. The results show that wide-angle neutron scattering measurements are especially useful for the study of the mesoscopic structure of multicomponent materials.

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