Islamic work ethic among Arab college students in Israel

2009 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 333-346 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahmood Khalil ◽  
Ismael Abu‐Saad
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Cultural Context ◽  
Technical College ◽  
Work Ethic ◽  
Religious Minority ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Organizational Influences ◽  
Work Related ◽  
Islamic Work Ethic ◽  
College Type

PurposeThe aim of this paper is to investigate the Islamic work ethic (IWE) and individualism among Arab college students in Israel, who represent an ethnic and religious minority in a western‐oriented state.Design/methodology/approachThe participants included 837 male and female Arab college students from an academic and a technical college in northern Israel. Most participants (64 percent) were Academic college students. Two measures were used: the IWE and individualism scales developed by Ali. Correlation analysis and two‐way multivariate analysis were used to analyze the data.FindingsThere was a strong and highly significant correlation between the IWE and individualism scales. Academic college students scored significantly higher than technical college students on both scales. There were significant interactions between gender and marital status, and college type and year of studies, on the scales.Practical implicationsWithin the multi‐cultural context of Arab college students in Israel, the IWE and individualism scales emerged as reliable, practical measures for understanding the work‐related values of Arab college students in Israel.Originality/valueThis study is the first in the published literature to use the IWE and individualism scales among Arab students who were not raised in a homogeneous Islamic cultural context. Although the Arab minority in Israel is exposed to Israeli and Western, as well as Islamic, cultural and organizational influences, IWE scale proved to be highly reliable for this population. The IWE and individualism scales, used together, were uniquely effective for capturing the many nuances of work‐related values in this complex, multi‐cultural context.

Fundamental Islamic perspective of work ethics

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-76 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saeed Hameed Aldulaimi
Keyword(s):  
Work Ethic ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Multidimensional Model ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Work Ethics ◽  
Islamic Perspective ◽  
Islamic Work Ethic ◽  
Management Literature ◽  
New Perspective ◽  
The Right

Purpose – This paper debates the Islamic perspective on the work ethics employed in an organization. It aims to discuss the issues of assumptions involving the Islamic Work Ethic (IWE). Therefore, this paper addresses the gap in the management literature and suggests a group of dimensions from fundamentals of Islam. Design/methodology/approach – The paper reviews the foundations of IWE and investigates various empirical studies conducted in several countries. Then, briefly presents a short historical and conceptual review of the work ethic construct, suggests a general conceptual definition of work ethic, and offers multidimensional model including a series of constructs which can enable researchers to evaluate and measure work ethic in Islamic societies. Findings – The study reveals that there is an evidence of ethics formulation depending on Islamic literature which constructs Islamic values for work. This paper proposes new perspective about the right ethics of work in Islam. Further, multidimensional model including 18 dimensions has been developed to evaluate work ethic in Islamic societies. Research limitations/implications – This field needs to reconsider the constructs of IWEs where it is far from reflecting Islamic theory. This paper presents new dimensions which can be utilized to enrich this area. Originality/value – This is one of the few attempts to suggest the appropriate constructs of IWE in the management literature. It provides 18 elements responsible and have the promise to strengthen individual transparency and morally which eventually enhance economic progress in Islamic world.

When abusive supervision leads to good performance: an exploration of the bright side of abusive supervision

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Filza Hameed ◽  
Sadia Shaheen ◽  
Bashir Ahmad ◽  
Muhammad Mudassar Anwar ◽  
Muhammad Ahmad-ur-Rehman
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Context ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Abusive Supervision ◽  
Dark Side ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Causal Inferences ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Work Related ◽  
Bright Side

PurposeThe successful performance of organizations depends on the smooth working relations between their leaders and employees. Considering the importance of the behaviors of leaders/supervisors, this study intends to explore the bright side of abusive supervision on the performance of trainees in different police colleges in Pakistan.Design/methodology/approachThe data for this study were collected from police colleges and supervisors in Pakistan, and the sample comprised police trainees and their instructors (N = 254 responses from 50 instructors and 254 police trainees). The data were analyzed using structural equation modeling via Amos to test the hypothesized relationships.FindingsResults reveal a positive connection between abusive supervision and the performance of trainees. Moreover, the moderating role of passion for a cause in the relationship between abusive supervision and trainee performance is supported.Research limitations/implicationsDespite its relevance, this study has certain limitations. First, this study was conducted in a specific occupational and cultural context. A comprehensive understanding of the diverse occupational and cultural context considerations can increase this study's value. Second, this study used cross-sectional data for analysis, which hindered us from making causal inferences. For a clear and improved understanding, longitudinal studies can help facilitate the process.Originality/valueThis study intends to explore the bright side of abusive supervision on the performance of trainees in different police colleges in Pakistan. The literature demonstrated the “dark side” of abusive supervision on work-related attitudes and behaviors. However, few studies investigated or explored the “bright side” of abusive supervision.

When is an Islamic work ethic more likely to spur helping behavior? The roles of despotic leadership and gender

2018 ◽  
Vol 47 (3) ◽  
pp. 630-650 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dirk De Clercq ◽  
Inam Ul Haq ◽  
Usman Raja ◽  
Muhammad Umer Azeem ◽  
Norashikin Mahmud
Keyword(s):  
Work Ethic ◽  
Work Values ◽  
Helping Behavior ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Islamic Work Ethic ◽  
Female Employees ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Voluntary Basis ◽  
Practical Implications

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to investigate how employees’ Islamic work ethic might enhance their propensity to help their coworkers on a voluntary basis, as well as how this relationship might be invigorated by despotic leadership. It also considers how the invigorating role of despotic leadership might depend on employees’ gender. Design/methodology/approach Survey data were collected from employees and their supervisors in Pakistani organizations. Findings Islamic work values relate positively to helping behaviors, and this relationship is stronger when employees experience despotic leadership, because their values motivate them to protect their colleagues against the hardships created by such leadership. This triggering role of despotic leadership is particularly strong among female employees. Practical implications For organizations, the results demonstrate that Islamic work values may be important for creating a culture that promotes collegiality, to a greater extent when employees believe that their leaders act as despots who exploit their followers for personal gain. Originality/value This study elaborates how employees’ Islamic work ethic influences the likelihood that they help their coworkers, particularly in work contexts marked by stress-inducing leadership.

Perception of politics and job outcomes: moderating role of Islamic work ethic

2018 ◽  
Vol 47 (1) ◽  
pp. 74-94 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammed Y.A. Rawwas ◽  
Basharat Javed ◽  
Muhammad Naveed Iqbal
Keyword(s):  
Job Satisfaction ◽  
Turnover Intention ◽  
Work Ethic ◽  
Asian Country ◽  
Job Outcomes ◽  
Moderator Variable ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Islamic Work Ethic ◽  
Perception Of Politics ◽  
The Relationship

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to expand previous theories of motivation and religious ethics by examining the moderation effect of Islamic work ethic (IWE) on the relationship between perception of politics (POP) and job satisfaction, and turnover intention and negligent behavior (NB). Design/methodology/approach The sample consisted of 260 workers employed in various sectors in an Asian country. Multiple linear regression analyses were used to test the main effect of the five hypotheses. In addition, moderated models are used to identify factors (IWE) that may change the relationship between independent and dependent variables. Findings Results revealed that POP was negatively related to job satisfaction, and positively related to turnover intention and NB. IWE was positively related to job satisfaction, and negatively related to turnover intention (confirming previous research findings), and NB (a contribution of the current study). Furthermore, when the moderator variable of IWE was introduced to the relationship between POP and job outcomes, the influence and direction of the POP were altered (a major contribution of this study). In other words, the moderator variable strengthened job satisfaction and reduced both turnover intention and NB of organizational workers. Originality/value When the moderator variable of IWE was introduced to the relationship between the POP and job outcomes, the influence and direction of the POP were altered (a major contribution of this study).

Abusive supervision and knowledge sharing: moderating roles of Islamic work ethic and learning goal orientation

2020 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Talat Islam ◽  
Saima Ahmad ◽  
Ahmad Kaleem ◽  
Khalid Mahmood
Keyword(s):  
Boundary Conditions ◽  
Knowledge Sharing ◽  
Goal Orientation ◽  
Work Ethic ◽  
Abusive Supervision ◽  
Theoretical Implication ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Learning Goal ◽  
Learning Goal Orientation ◽  
Islamic Work Ethic

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to extend the scant literature on the effect of abusive supervision on knowledge sharing by examining the roles of Islamic work ethic and learning goal orientation in moderating the effect.Design/methodology/approachThis paper utilizes a cross-lagged survey research design to collect data from 735 employees working in the services and manufacturing sectors of Pakistan.FindingsThe data analysis revealed that abusive supervision has a damaging effect on knowledge sharing in the workplace. However, employee learning goal orientation and the Islamic work ethic help in mitigating this detrimental effect.Research limitations/implicationsThe main theoretical implication is to advance knowledge on the boundary conditions that help in mitigating the undesirable effect of abusive supervision on sharing of knowledge in organizational settings.Practical implicationsThis paper provides practical insights into mitigating the damaging effects of abusive supervision, a prevalent issue in Asian societies, through the lenses of Islamic business ethics and learning goal orientation.Originality/valueThis is the first study that examines the boundary conditions placed by the Islamic work ethic and learning goal orientation around the relationship between abusive supervision and knowledge sharing in the context of Pakistan.

Furthering the thought on Islamic work ethic: how does it differ?

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 355-375 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jihad Mohammad ◽  
Farzana Quoquab
Keyword(s):  
Work Ethic ◽  
Research Question ◽  
Spiritual Needs ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Islamic Work Ethic ◽  
The Holy Quran ◽  
To Come ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
Ethical Systems

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to highlight the underlying values of Islamic work ethic (IWE) that distinguish it from other ethical perspectives such as Protestant work ethic (PWE), Hindu work ethic (HWE) and/or Buddhist work ethic (BWE). Design/methodology/approach The present study utilized the critical review approach to answer the research questions. In this regard, guidance was sought from the Holy Quran and Sunnah to understand the Islamic ordainments pertaining to IWE. Moreover, articles related to different ethical systems are exhaustively reviewed. Findings Based on the literature review pertaining to the different ethical systems, this study highlights five specific distinguishing values and behavior: emphasis on halal and haram, emphasis on the purity of intention, seeking of employment, the nature of employer–employee relationship and dealing with sexual harassment. Practical implications Multinational and local organizations are strongly recommended to comprehend and grasp different ethical background of their employees to meet and satisfy their physical and spiritual needs. As a result, it may enhance and boost the effectiveness, efficiency and productivity of the organizations. Originality/value This study has its merits in term of identifying the distinguishing aspects of IWE from other ethical systems. There is a paucity of research that examines these differentiating values. Therefore, the research question “what are the underlying factors that differentiate IWE from PWE, HWE and/or BWE?” is still unanswered. The present research is an attempt to answer this question. The findings of this study will enable the researchers to come out with a comprehensive and complete definition of IWE construct. Moreover, it will be useful to refine the existing IWE scale by emphasizing the distinguishing aspects of the construct.

A theory of creative expressiveness: empirical studies in Chinese universities

2016 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 387-404 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jin Hong ◽  
Yang Yang ◽  
Ge Song
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Emotional Expression ◽  
Creative Thinking ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Ordinary Least Squares ◽  
Limited Attention ◽  
Emotional Expressions ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Work Related ◽  
Creative Abilities

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to explore the role that the emotional expressions (i.e. emotional masking and emotional sharing) of students play in fostering positive implicit abilities, as indicated by learning, interpersonal skills and the ability to acquire a supervisor’s support. By introducing a new theory of creative expressiveness, the authors have further examined whether college students’ creative thinking is significantly associated with their emotional expression. Design/methodology/approach This paper establishes a conceptual framework to map the relationships between students’ emotional expressions, their implicit abilities and their creative abilities. Scale measures of these constructs were built, and a total of 400 questionnaires were distributed at universities in Hefei and Nanjing. Finally, ordinary least squares estimations were conducted to provide quantitative estimations. Findings The empirical results show that emotional sharing is significantly positive for college students’ implicit and creative abilities, while emotional masking is negatively related to students’ implicit abilities and creativity. Moreover, the effects of emotional sharing by college students on their creative abilities are partially mediated by students’ implicit abilities. Practical implications It is necessary to emphasize emotional sharing in education and to create a friendly atmosphere for students, in which they can feel comfortable expressing themselves in class. Likewise, students should learn to improve their expressive abilities, particularly how to express and share their inner feelings and emotions, since this will contribute to their creative thinking. Originality/value It is increasingly being recognized in organizational science that emotions and the way they are experienced and expressed by employees in work environments have fundamental impacts on work-related outcomes. However, limited attention has been given to the impacts of emotional expression on students’ learning performances and creativity abilities, especially in the Chinese context where students are more reluctant to express their emotions and ideas. Thus, by introducing a new theory of creative expressiveness to examine the benefits of emotional expression for students’ implicit abilities and creative thinking, the authors have sought to extend prior research on the cultivation of college students’ creative abilities.

The effect of Islamic work ethic on person-organization fit and workplace deviance in hotels

2020 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ebru Düşmezkalender ◽  
Cihan Secilmis ◽  
Veysel Yilmaz
Keyword(s):  
Structural Equation ◽  
Work Ethic ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Workplace Deviance ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Organizational Behaviour ◽  
Equation Modelling ◽  
Islamic Work Ethic ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
Person Organization Fit

Purpose This paper aims to examine the relationships between Islamic work ethic, deviant organizational behaviours and person-organization fit within the context of the hotels. Design/methodology/approach A survey was conducted with the participation of 243 employees working at five-star hotels operating in Marmaris, which is one of the popular destinations that attracts the most tourists in Turkey. The data obtained from the research is tested by implementing confirmatory factor analysis and structural equation modelling. Findings The results revealed that Islamic work ethic was negatively related to deviant organizational behaviour but positively related to person organization fit. On the other hand, no significant relationship was found between deviant organizational behaviour and person-organization fit. Originality/value This study presents to hotels practical and theoretical applications about employee behaviours and management practices.

scholarly journals Sustainable clothing: perspectives from US and Chinese young Millennials

2019 ◽  
Vol 47 (11) ◽  
pp. 1141-1162 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jin Su ◽  
Kittichai (Tu) Watchravesringkan ◽  
Jianheng Zhou ◽  
Maria Gil
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Cultural Context ◽  
Purchase Intention ◽  
Emerging Market ◽  
Sustainable Consumption ◽  
Business Environment ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Consumer Attitude ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Us

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to understand US and Chinese young Millennials’ perceptions of and consumption behaviour towards sustainable apparel products. Design/methodology/approach Quantitative research was conducted, and empirical data were collected from 590 US college students and 379 Chinese college students. Findings For both US and Chinese young Millennials, this study provides consistent empirical results of the positive and significant effects of young Millennials’ apparel sustainability knowledge and personal values on consumer attitude towards sustainable clothing, which in turn positively and strongly impacts purchase intention. In addition, a cross-cultural comparative analysis reveals similarities and differences regarding apparel sustainability knowledge and values between young Millennial consumers in the US and China. Originality/value The scale of environmental and social impacts from global apparel production and consumption makes sustainability increasingly important in the contemporary business environment. Young Millennials in the US and China represent large and influential consumer segments for sustainable consumption. This study contributes to the literature by surveying young Millennials in the US (developed market) and China (emerging market) in a cross-cultural context. The study offers insights into the global apparel industry in developing strategies for expanding sustainable apparel markets in the US and China.

East Asian wisdom and relativity

2018 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 210-230 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chris Baumann ◽  
Hume Winzar ◽  
Tony Fang
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Context ◽  
Work Ethic ◽  
East Asian ◽  
Statistical Testing ◽  
Business Culture ◽  
Philosophical Perspective ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Rule Of Thumb ◽  
Principle Components Analysis ◽  
And Performance

Purpose The purpose of this paper is threefold. First, the paper demonstrates how inter-ocular testing (looking at the data) of Schwartz values from world values study (WVS) provides a surprisingly different picture to what the authors would expect from traditional mean comparison testing (t-tests, analysis of variance (ANOVA)). Second, the authors suggest that the ReVaMB model can be applied to an East Asian philosophical perspective. Relativity, the authors argue, is a factor when East Asian wisdom, philosophies and ideologies (Confucianism, Taoism, Buddhism and Legalism) “drive” outcomes such as work ethic. Third, the paper serves as an editorial to a special issue in CCSM on East Asian wisdom and its impact on business culture and performance in a cross-cultural context. Common themes are Yin Yang, how different cultures deal with paradox, and Zhong Yong, with accompanying concerns of how to conceptualise and deal with balance of opposites. Design/methodology/approach The authors adopted ten variables of the Schwartz values scales used in the WVS and subjected them to principle components analysis to reduce the number of variables. The authors found a two-factor solution: one relating to personal material success and adventure and excitement; another relating to success and personal recognition. The authors labelled these factors as Altruism and Hedonism. The analysis is based on an overall sample of 84,692 respondents in 60 countries. In addition to traditional statistical testing, the authors conduct inter-ocular testing. The authors also suggest that the ReVaMB model can be applied to East Asian wisdom. Findings Three recommendations help to arrive at more accurate conclusions when comparing groups: the authors recommend to aspire to “consistent look and statistic”. If the data distribution does not agree with the statistics, then the researcher should take a closer look. To avoid misinterpreting statistics and other analysis, the authors recommend inter-ocular testing, i.e. eyeballing data in a scientific fashion. The authors provide specific examples how to do that. The authors recommend to test for common-language effect size (CLE), and also recommend a new rule of thumb, i.e. a split of 60/40 as minimum difference to make any generalisation; 70/30 is worth considering. The rule of thumb contributes to better differentiation between real and “not real” differences. Originality/value The authors introduce two concepts: the “inter-ocular test”, which simply means to “look at your data”, and the Chinese word, 错觉 (Cuòjué) which roughly translates to “illusion”, “wrong impression”, or “misconception”. This study argues against accepting simplistic averages for data analysis. The authors provide evidence that an inter-ocular test provides a more comprehensive picture of data when comparing groups rather than simply relying on traditional statistical mean comparison testing. The “word of caution” is to avoid premature conclusions on group comparisons with statistical testing alone. The authors also propose an extension of the original ReVaMB model from a confucian orientation to a broad East Asian philosophical perspective. Culture does determine attitudes and behaviour which in turn contribute to the shaping of cultures, depending on situation, context, location and time. The “context” for a situation to occur should be tested as moderators, for example, between East Asian wisdom (Confucianism, Taoism, Buddhism and Legalism) and behavioural or attitudinal dimensions such as work ethic.

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