The perspectives of drug users within the social context of drug prohibition

2009 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 19-23 ◽  
Author(s):  
Iain McPhee ◽  
Tim Duffy ◽  
Colin Martin
Keyword(s):  
Social Context ◽  
Drug Use ◽  
Drug Users ◽  
Illicit Drugs ◽  
Antisocial Behaviour ◽  
Structured Interview ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Drug Prohibition

This study explored the perspectives of low‐level drug market users on the availability, purchase and consumption of illicit drugs within the social context of drug prohibition. A snowballing technique was used to recruit 16 participants consisting of nine males and seven females aged between 17 and 43. A semi‐structured interview process elicited their views on their use of drugs, where they obtained them, their views on the impact of the criminal justice system on their drug use and finally their views on how drug users were perceived by non‐drug users. While some negative consequences of using drugs were reported, no participant considered that their use of drugs made them an addict, a criminal or antisocial. The findings from this study suggest that current punitive drug policy, which links drug use with addiction, crime and antisocial behaviour was inconsistent with the experience of the participants.

scholarly journals Control over Drug Acquisition, Preparation, and Injection: Implications for HIV and HCV Risk among Young Female Injection Drug Users

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karla D. Wagner ◽  
Jennifer Jackson Bloom ◽  
Susan Dodi Hathazi ◽  
Bill Sanders ◽  
Stephen E. Lankenau
Keyword(s):  
Social Context ◽  
Drug Use ◽  
Injection Drug Use ◽  
Injection Drug Users ◽  
Drug Users ◽  
Drug Acquisition ◽  
Young Female ◽  
Injection Drug ◽  
The Social ◽  
Lack Of Control

Young female injection drug users (IDUs) are at risk for HIV/HCV, and initiating the use of a new drug may confer additional and unexpected risks. While gender differences in the social context of injection drug use have been identified, it is unknown whether those differences persist during the initiation of a new drug. This mixed-methods study examined the accounts of 30 young female IDUs in Los Angeles, CA, USA from 2004 to 2006, who described the social context of initiating injection drug use and initiating ketamine injection. The analysis aimed to understand how the social context of young women’s injection events contributes to HIV/HCV risk. Women’s initiation into ketamine injection occurred approximately 2 years after their first injection of any drug. Over that time, women experienced changes in some aspects of the social context of drug injection, including the size and composition of the using group. A significant proportion of women described injection events characterized by a lack of control over the acquisition, preparation, and injection of drugs, as well as reliance on friends and sexual partners. Findings suggest that lack of control over drug acquisition, preparation, and injection may elevate women’s risk; these phenomena should be considered as a behavioral risk factor when designing interventions.

scholarly journals EPIDEMIC CHARACTERISTICS OF DRUG USE IN MINSK

2021 ◽  
pp. 74-80
Author(s):  
M.A. Shylava ◽  
◽  
I.N. Valchuk ◽  
M.L. Dotsenko ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Education ◽  
Drug Use ◽  
Social Structure ◽  
Drug Users ◽  
Illicit Drugs ◽  
Gradual Increase ◽  
Dynamic Change ◽  
Hospital Treatment ◽  
The Social ◽  
Opioid Drugs

In recent years, the number of people involved in the use of illicit drugs has been actively growing. Drug use is associated not only with a large amount of medical aspects, but also with a number of social problems, such as convictions, employment, etc. The study presents an analysis of medical, social and epidemiological indicators, as well as their dynamic change during 2010-2019 in the population of drug users in Minsk. It was revealed that more than half of registered drug users suffer from the opioid drugs use and characterized by a gradual increase in the proportion of persons using psychostimulants. The majority of persons who were registered with the Healthcare Institution «City Clinical Narcological Dispensary» had secondary education and were single. There was an increase in the share of the working drug users (up to 48.65% (CI 47.31-49.99%, p < 0.05) in 2019) in the social structure. The proportion of drug users convicted more than 2 times in 2010-2019 has significantly increased to 35.95% (CI 34.67-37.25%, p < 0.05) in 2019. The share of drug users who underwent hospital treatment significantly increased by the 2015 and was 32.15% (CI 30.96-33.36%, p < 0.05), but in 2019 this indicator decreased to 17.48% (CI 16.47-18.52%, p < 0,05).

Recreational Prescription Drug Use Among College Students

NASPA Journal ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ethan A Kolek
Keyword(s):  
Drug Use ◽  
Prescription Drug ◽  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Prescription Drugs ◽  
Drug Users ◽  
Research University ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Prescription Drug Use ◽  
Other Substances

The purpose of this study was to explore recreational prescription drug use among undergraduate students. Although anecdotal accounts on this subject abound, empirical research is extremely limited. Data from a survey of a random sample of 734 students at a large public research university in the Northeast were examined. Results indicate that a substantial proportion of students reported having used prescription drugs for recreational purposes in the year prior to survey administration. Recreational prescription drug use was positively associated with the use of other substances including alcohol. Recreational prescription drug users were also more likely than other drug users to report negative consequences as a result of their drug use. Implications for future research and for student affairs are discussed.

scholarly journals Social origin and educational attainment in China: a historical analysis of 70 birth cohorts

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Changchun Fang ◽  
Xiaotian Feng
Keyword(s):  
Social Context ◽  
Educational Attainment ◽  
Educational Inequality ◽  
Historical Analysis ◽  
Chinese Society ◽  
Structural Factors ◽  
Social Origin ◽  
Birth Cohorts ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Impact

Abstract The impact of social origin on educational attainment is conditioned on the social context in which people live. In recent decades, with changes in the Chinese society, how has the impact of social origin on educational inequality changed? Based on an analysis of 70 birth cohorts, this study details the effect of social origin on educational inequality and its trends over the past 70 years. The results of this study also indicate that the historical stages hypothesis (HSH) and model-shift hypothesis (MSH) emphasized in previous studies cannot fully describe the historical changes in educational inequality. In addition to macrosocial processes, there may exist other structural factors that also affect educational inequality but are neglected. The social context and its transformation, which shaped the relationship between social origin and educational inequality, need to be examined in more detail.

PERILAKU BERESIKO DAN FAKTOR PELINDUNG PENGGUNAAN TEMBAKAU SINTETIS PADA KOMUNITAS CJ

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 78-91
Author(s):  
Yunita Anggraeni ◽  
Sitti Muthia Maghfirah Massinai ◽  
Rahma Dilla Arnanda
Keyword(s):  
Protective Factors ◽  
Drug Users ◽  
Protective Factor ◽  
Risk And Protective Factors ◽  
Community Collaboration ◽  
Community Members ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Calming Effect ◽  
The Impact

ABSTRACTSynthetic tobacco is a type of drug produced from tobacco mixed with chemical liquids. Synthetic tobacco produces a calming effect, daydreaming, hallucinations, and unconsciousness. In some individuals there is resistance to chemicals, resulting in dizziness, vomiting and unconsciousness. The basic ingredients of tobacco make synthetic tobacco difficult to distinguish from ordinary tobacco. So that the impact on the prevention and eradication of drugs is increasingly difficult. The CJ community is a community of drug users who have used synthetic tobacco for 5 months. This study aimed to determine the risk and protective factors of synthetic tobacco use in the CJ community. This research was a qualitative study on the case of the CJ community with the direct involvement of researchers in the community. The result of the research was an analysis description of the risk and protective factors in the CJ community. Medically dangerous side effects have not been communicated to users in the CJ community. Awareness of the future and responsibility are protective factors that motivate community members to stop using drugs. This research showed that the use of synthetic tobacco type drugs can be more harmful to individuals and the environment. The impact on the individual physically and psychologically will affect the individual's difficulty in interacting with the social environment. There is a need for socialization and education that takes into account various aspects of society so that prevention can take place effectively. The results of the research can become the basis for providing intervention designs with community collaboration as agents of change.Key Word: Synthetic Tobacco, Risk Factor, Protective Factor, Drugs User ABSTRAKTembakau sintetis merupakan jenis narkoba yang dihasilkan dari tembakau yang dicampur dengan cairan kimia. Tembakau sintetis menghasilkan efek tenang, melamun, halusinasi, dan tidak sadarkan diri. Pada beberapa individu terdapat penolakan terhadap zat kimia, berakibat pusing, muntah dan tidak sadarkan diri. Bahan dasar tembakau membuat tembakau sintetis sulit dibedakan dengan tembakau biasa. Sehingga berdampak kepada pencegahan dan pemberantasan narkoba yang semakin sulit. Komunitas CJ merupakan komunitas pengguna narkoba yang sudah menggunakan tembakau sintetis selama 5 bulan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui risk and protective factor penggunaan tembakau sintetis pada komunitas CJ. Penelitian ini merupakan studi kualitatif pada kasus komunitas CJ dengan keterlibatan langsung peneliti pada komunitas. Hasil penelitian berupa deskripsi analisis dari risk and protective factor pada komunitas CJ. Efek samping yang berbahaya secara medis belum tersosialisasikan kepada para pengguna di komunitas CJ. Kesadaran mengenai masa depan dan tanggung jawab menjadi faktor protektif yang memotivasi anggota komunitas untuk berhenti menggunakan narkoba. Penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa penggunaan narkoba jenis tembakau sintetis dapat lebih berbahaya bagi individu dan lingkungan. Dampak kepada individu secara fisik dan psikologis akan mempengaruhi kesulitan individu berinteraksi dengan lingkungan sosial. Perlu adanya sosialisasi dan edukasi yang memperhatikan berbagai aspek di masyarakat agar pencegahan dapat berlangsung dengan efektif. Hasil penelitian dapat menjadi landasan dalam memberikan rancangan intervensi dengan kolaborasi masyarakat sebagai agen perubahan.Kata Kunci: Tembakau Sintetis, Faktor Risiko, Faktor Protektif, Pengguna Narkoba

scholarly journals Narratives of Starting, Using, and Stopping Methamphetamine Use

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
John Dance
Keyword(s):  
Drug Use ◽  
Drug Users ◽  
Policy Issue ◽  
Law And Order ◽  
Drug Induced ◽  
Methamphetamine Use ◽  
Problematic Use ◽  
The Social ◽  
Cognitive Decision ◽  
Behavioural Theories

<p>Methamphetamine use has come to be seen as a significant policy issue in New Zealand and elsewhere. Panic about methamphetamine’s effects, the increasing prevalence of its use and its alleged potential to cause more harm than other drugs has been fundamental in elevating public concern and initiating a raft of law and order responses. Using the familiar tropes of addiction and drug-induced criminality, authoritative discourses conveying the nature of the ‘meth problem’ have obfuscated the social, cultural and structural forces which intersect decisions about drug use. Instead, explanations of meth-use anchored to behavioural theories about risk have emphasised drug-use is as being the product of individualised cognitive decision making. In taking a narrative approach to analyse 17 drug-users’ stories about starting, using and stopping methamphetamine use, this thesis sets out to theoretically engage with the experiential and contextual nuances of drug-taking decisions which continue to be excluded from authoritative accounts of problematic use. In doing so this thesis reveals how decisions about starting and using methamphetamine had occurred within established trajectories of problematic poly-drug taking behaviour. Collectively, the experiences of starting, using and stopping methamphetamine use storied by this sample of drug users help challenge pejorative constructions of problematic users of drugs as being wilfully self-destructive by highlighting that “risk actions are rarely the product of any one individuals’ rational decisions”(Rhodes: 1997:216).</p>

scholarly journals Does a Live Performance Impact Synchronization to Musical Rhythm in Cognitively Impaired Elderly?

2020 ◽  
Vol 78 (3) ◽  
pp. 939-949
Author(s):  
Matthieu Ghilain ◽  
Lise Hobeika ◽  
Micheline Lesaffre ◽  
Loris Schiaratura ◽  
Ashmita Singh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Context ◽  
Cognitive Impairments ◽  
Video Recording ◽  
Cognitively Impaired ◽  
Live Performance ◽  
Performance Impact ◽  
Musical Rhythm ◽  
Musical Stimulus ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Impact

Background: Music-based interventions appear to be efficient approaches to improve emotional, social, and cognitive functioning of patients with neurodegenerative diseases. Objective: Because benefits seem to increase with patient’s motor involvement, we studied sensorimotor synchronization (SMS) abilities of patients with cognitive impairments (Alzheimer’s disease, vascular and mixed dementia) and of patients with no evidence of cognitive impairments. More specifically, we compared the impact of a live performance by a musician to a video recording on SMS. Methods: SMS to a metronomic or a musical stimulus was assessed while patients watched a live musician or his pre-recorded video. Results: SMS to a metronome was better than to music but this effect was modulated by the social context. While SMS to a metronome was better when facing a video than a live performance, there was no impact of social context on SMS to music. No group differences of SMS were found. Conclusion: The decrease in SMS to a metronome in a live performance may be due to social pressure. Such a pressure might be removed in pleasant social activities, like moving with music in a group, explaining the lack of effect on SMS to music. We found no performance differences in groups, suggesting relatively spared SMS in cognitively impaired patients. By showing that it is possible to encourage patients to synchronize with others, even when facing a video, our results indicate that SMS can be used as a relevant predictor in clinical trials and open up promising therapeutic options for isolated patients.

The importance of timing: The varying impact of childhood and adolescent maltreatment on multiple problem outcomes

2001 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 957-979 ◽  
Author(s):  
TERENCE P. THORNBERRY ◽  
TIMOTHY O. IRELAND ◽  
CAROLYN A. SMITH
Keyword(s):  
Drug Use ◽  
Youth Development ◽  
Teen Pregnancy ◽  
Childhood Maltreatment ◽  
Teenage Pregnancy ◽  
Developmental Stages ◽  
Adverse Outcomes ◽  
Childhood And Adolescence ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
The Impact

A substantial body of literature suggests that childhood maltreatment is related to negative outcomes during adolescence, including delinquency, drug use, teenage pregnancy, and school failure. There has been relatively little research examining the impact that variation in the developmental stage during which the maltreatment occurs has on these relationships, however. In this paper, we reassess the impact of maltreatment on a number of adverse outcomes when developmentally specific measures of maltreatment—maltreatment that occurs only in childhood, only in adolescence, or in both childhood and adolescence—are considered. Data are drawn from the Rochester Youth Development Study, a broad-based longitudinal study of adolescent development. The analysis examines how maltreatment affects delinquency, drug use, alcohol-related problems, depressive symptoms, teen pregnancy, school dropout, and internalizing and externalizing problems during adolescence. We also examine whether the type of maltreatment experienced at various developmental stages influences the outcomes. Overall, our results suggest that adolescent and persistent maltreatment have stronger and more consistent negative consequences during adolescence than does maltreatment experienced only in childhood.

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