Building a knowledge-based economy in the Muslim world

2012 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 76-98 ◽  
Author(s):  
Allam Ahmed ◽  
Amer Al-Roubaie
Keyword(s):  
Critical Role ◽  
Innovation System ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Muslim World ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Technological Learning ◽  
Knowledge Based ◽  
Muslim Countries ◽  
Knowledge Based Economy ◽  
The Subject

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to highlight the importance of innovation and technological learning in building a knowledge-based economy in the Muslim world. Despite abundant financial and human capital, most Muslim countries still lack adequate scientific and technological infrastructure to absorb, apply and create knowledge and disseminate information. Design/methodology/approach – Using various major international institutions’ databases (UN, World Bank, OCED, etc.), a holistic approach is used to analyse the critical role of science, technology and innovation to build a knowledge-based economy in Muslim countries. Findings – This paper examines the main challenges facing Muslim countries to build a knowledge-based economy driven by innovation and technological learning. In doing so, a framework for building an effective innovation system that will achieve a knowledge-based economy in Muslim countries is presented, taking into account a variety of international, institutional and intellectual perspectives. Originality/value – Given the scarcity of information and data about the subject area on Muslim countries, the study uses several sources of secondary data which are considered the most valid and reliable data available internationally about the subject.

The state of the knowledge-based economy in the Arab world: cases of Qatar and Lebanon

2020 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tarek Ben Hassen
Keyword(s):  
Arab World ◽  
Innovation System ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Knowledge Based ◽  
Current State ◽  
Knowledge Based Economy ◽  
Low Performance ◽  
Ict Infrastructure

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to examine the current state of the knowledge-based economy in two distinctive case studies in the Arab World: Qatar and Lebanon. Based on five aspects of the knowledge-based economy namely: ICT, human capital and education; innovation, entrepreneurship, and economic and institutional regime, we provide a careful view of the obstacles and challenges that Qatar and Lebanon are facing and how this is hindering their transformation to a knowledge-based economy.Design/methodology/approachThe methodology of this research is based on a literature review and information collected through semi-structured interviews with the different stakeholders of the knowledge-based economy in Qatar and Lebanon.FindingsThe research reveals that numerous factors shape the knowledge-based economy in Qatar and Lebanon. In Qatar, the main strength of the knowledge-based economy is the determination of the Qatari government to diversify the economy and the main weaknesses are the shortage of qualified human resources, the fear of failure and the low performance of the innovation system. In Lebanon, the knowledge-based economy is driven by the education system and the entrepreneurship culture, nevertheless the political instability of the country and the weak ICT infrastructure impede its development.Originality/valueThese findings contribute to the clarification and critical analysis of the current state of the knowledge-based economy in Qatar and Lebanon, which would have several policy implications.

Applying machine learning approach to predict students’ performance in higher educational institutions

Kybernetes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammed Nasiru Yakubu ◽  
A. Mohammed Abubakar
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Academic Success ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Learning Approach ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Tertiary Institutions ◽  
Knowledge Based ◽  
Knowledge Based Economy ◽  
Machine Learning Approach ◽  
Nigerian University

Purpose Academic success and failure are relevant lifelines for economic success in the knowledge-based economy. The purpose of this paper is to predict the propensity of students’ academic performance using early detection indicators (i.e. age, gender, high school exam scores, region, CGPA) to allow for timely and efficient remediation. Design/methodology/approach A machine learning approach was used to develop a model based on secondary data obtained from students’ information system in a Nigerian university. Findings Results revealed that age is not a predictor for academic success (high CGPA); female students are 1.2 times more likely to have high CGPA compared to their male counterparts; students with high JAMB scores are more likely to achieve academic success, high CGPA and vice versa; students from affluent and developed regions are more likely to achieve academic success, high CGPA and vice versa; and students in Years 3 and 4 are more likely to achieve academic success, high CGPA. Originality/value This predictive model serves as a classifier and useful strategy to mitigate failure, promote success and better manage resources in tertiary institutions.

Government-driven university-industry linkages in an emerging country: the case of China

2015 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 263-282 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dejin Su ◽  
Dayong Zhou ◽  
Chunlin Liu ◽  
Lanlan Kong
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Technological Progress ◽  
Transition Period ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Knowledge Based ◽  
Industrial Sectors ◽  
Knowledge Based Economy ◽  
University Industry ◽  
University Industry Linkages

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to analyze and summarize the development of science and technology (S & T) policies in China from a government-driven perspective in chronological order. To develop knowledge-based economy, China enacts a range of S & T policies since “Reform and Open Policy” started in 1978. Furthermore, it investigates the overall effects of these S & T policies on university-industry linkages (UILs). Design/methodology/approach – This paper conducts an analysis framework of S & T policies in historical sequence to explain how government drives UILs to stimulate technological progress and economic growth in China. Findings – More than a site for high-quality workforce education and knowledge spread, universities as an important part of national innovation are required to participate in economic activities. Considering that most Chinese universities are national, S & T policies with particular regard to university technology transfer would be more important and essential. This research finds that S & T policies enacted by government have made critical contributions to UILs in economic transition period, such as improving academic faculty, enhancing university–industry collaborations and supporting university spin-off formation. The experiences of China suggest that government should enact more effective S & T policies in the knowledge-based economy era. Practical implications – First, universities need to educate high-level human resources that are important for economic growth and social development. Second, universities need to engage in R & D activities and enhance their collaboration with industries, such as consulting services, research contracts with industry, patent licensing and other general knowledge commercial mechanisms. Third, universities also can directly transfer commercial knowledge to start up new businesses by itself or in partnership with industrial sectors. Without doubt, a series of S & T policies or programs enacted by China’s government to drive entrepreneurship continuously played critical role in the UILs over the past 26 years. Originality/value – This paper is a pioneering work on how S & T policies enacted by government drive UILs to stimulate technological progress in transitional China.

The role of entrepreneurship education and training on creation of the knowledge economy

2017 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 375-388 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yagoub Ali Gangi
Keyword(s):  
Knowledge Economy ◽  
Innovation System ◽  
Entrepreneurship Education ◽  
Education And Training ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Long Period ◽  
Knowledge Based ◽  
Knowledge Based Economy ◽  
Short Period ◽  
And Training

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to explore the experience of Qatar with entrepreneurship education and training, and its contribution in creating a knowledge-based economy. By doing so, the paper will contribute towards raising awareness about the state of entrepreneurship education, training and the knowledge economy in Qatar. Design/methodology/approach The research design for this paper is a descriptive and interpretive case study that is analysed through qualitative methods. Secondary information is analysed through descriptive statistics. Findings The main finding of this paper is that although Qatar has launched many initiatives of entrepreneurship education and training to help diversify its economy by creating knowledge-based economy, the data show that there is some improvement in Qatar’s ranking in the Knowledge Economy Index. Research limitations/implications The main limitation of this study is the unavailability of secondary data for a long period of time. Social implications The main policy implication that can be derived from the findings of this paper is that entrepreneurship education and training alone cannot create a diversified and knowledge-based economy in a short period of time. In fact building a knowledge economy requires more than introduction of entrepreneurship education and training. In addition to entrepreneurship education it requires improvement in the national innovation system, large investment in information and communication technology and a good macroeconomic performance. Moreover, the success of entrepreneurship education and training in fulfilling its objective requires a comprehensive strategy to be implemented over a long period of time. Originality/value The paper represents an original work that links entrepreneurship education and training with the knowledge economy. This is the first paper that handles this issue in the context of Gulf countries.

The relationship between knowledge-based economy and fraudulent financial reporting

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Abbas Koolivand ◽  
Mahdi Salehi ◽  
Meysam Arabzadeh ◽  
Hassan Ghodrati
Keyword(s):  
Financial Markets ◽  
Financial Reporting ◽  
Fixed Effects ◽  
Stock Exchange ◽  
Fraudulent Financial Reporting ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Knowledge Based ◽  
Robust Testing ◽  
Knowledge Based Economy ◽  
The Relationship

Purpose This paper aims to assess the relationship between a knowledge-based economy and fraudulent financial reporting. Design/methodology/approach The study is descriptive-correlation based on published information from enlisted firms on the Tehran Stock Exchange during 2013–2019 with a sample of 178 firms (1,246 observations). The method used for hypothesis testing is linear regression using the panel data. Findings The results show that a knowledge-based economy is associated negatively and significantly with financial reporting. Moreover, robust testing has also examined the hypotheses (including fixed effects, OLS and t + 1) that confirmed the study’s preliminary results. Originality/value As the study was carried out in the emergent financial markets, like Iran, to figure out the relationship between knowledge-based economy and financial reporting, it can provide helpful information for the practitioners in this field.

A gene expression programming model for economy growth using knowledge-based economy indicators

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-48 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohsen Ahmadi ◽  
Rahim Taghizadeh
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Fitness Function ◽  
Gene Expression Programming ◽  
Information Criteria ◽  
Bounds Testing ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Economy Growth ◽  
Knowledge Based ◽  
Knowledge Based Economy ◽  
Ardl Bounds Testing

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to focus on modeling economy growth with indicators of knowledge-based economy (KBE) introduced by World Bank for a case study in Iran during 1993-2013. Design/methodology/approach First, for grouping and reducing the number of variables, Tukey method and the principal component analysis are used. Also for modeling, 67 per cent of data is used for training in the two approaches of ARDL bounds testing and gene expression programming (GEP) and 33 per cent of them for testing the models. Then, the result models are compared with fitness function and Akaike information criteria (AIC). Findings The GEP model with fitness 945.7461 for training data and 954.8403 for testing data from 1000 is better than ARDL bounds testing model with fitness 335.5479 from 1000. In addition, according to model comparison tools (AIC), the GEP model has an extremely larger weight in comparison with ARDL bounds model. Therefore, the GEP model is introduced for future use in academia. Practical implications Knowledge and information is one of the most basic sources of wealth in economists’ sight. Thus, using KBE indicators appears essential in economic growth regarding daily progress in knowledge processes and its different theories. It is also extremely important to determine an appropriate model for KBE indicators which play a highly important role in the allocation of the economic resources of the country in an optimal manner. Originality/value This paper introduced a novel expression for economy growth using KBE indicators. All the data and the indicators are extracted from Word Bank service between 1993 and 2013.

Internet plus policy

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 375-386 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kalin Hristov
Keyword(s):  
Dynamic Capabilities ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Chinese Economy ◽  
Policy Recommendations ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Knowledge Based ◽  
Course Of Action ◽  
Knowledge Based Economy ◽  
Start Up ◽  
Cooperative Relationship

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to analyze and determine the best course of action for policymakers in China when dealing with the implementation of best practices for the internet of things (IoT). The recently introduced Internet Plus strategy is an attempt by Chinese policymakers to boost the Chinese economy by diminishing its reliance on manufacturing and export in favor of a knowledge-based economy driven by services and the tech sector. The IoT is arguably one of the key drivers behind this transformation. Design/methodology/approach This paper conducts an analysis of existing literature on the IoT and uses two complimentary theories, resource-based view and dynamic capabilities theory, to determine a set of policy recommendations. Findings A cooperative relationship between policymakers, start-up firms and academia is essential to the success of the IoT. The artificial intelligence industry also plays a key role in the development of the IoT and requires strategic funding and favorable policy. Finally, established and cost-effective standards and practices are much more likely to be effective than new and costly alternatives. Originality/value This paper examines the newly established field of the IoT and sets out a number of policy recommendations needed for its success. To achieve this, the author uses two complimentary theories unique to the business management field but increasingly compatible with the Chinese public policy sector.

Becoming an entrepreneur: opportunities and identity transitions

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 98-116 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kate V. Lewis ◽  
Marcus Ho ◽  
Candice Harris ◽  
Rachel Morrison
Keyword(s):  
Identity Development ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Theoretical Framework ◽  
Identity Conflict ◽  
Venture Creation ◽  
Female Entrepreneurs ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Entrepreneurial Behaviour ◽  
Identity Transitions

Purpose This paper aims to report an empirically grounded theoretical framework within which to understand the role of entrepreneurial identity development in the discovery, development and exploitation of opportunity, and to elaborate on how these identity transitions both mobilise and constrain female entrepreneurs. Design/methodology/approach A qualitative case study-based research design was used in this study. Primary and secondary data were collected from eight female participants (all of whom can be categorised as “mumpreneurs”) and analysed to inform the theoretical framework that is the foundation of the paper. Findings The authors describe how identity conflict, role congruence and reciprocal identity creation play a critical role in venture creation as a form of entrepreneurship. Drawing on the constructs of identification, self-verification and identity enactment, the authors build a theoretical framework for understanding entrepreneurial identity transitions in relation to opportunity-seeking behaviours. Research limitations/implications The work is theoretical in character and based on a sample that, whilst rich in the provision of theoretical insight, is small in scope. Additionally, the sample is located in one geographical context (New Zealand) which likely has implications for the way in which the key constructs are perceived and enacted. Originality/value This paper is an attempt to integrate conceptualisations of entrepreneurial identity development with opportunity-related processes in the context of venture creation. A holistic focus on identity transitions and their relevance to perception and action in relation to opportunity (the root of entrepreneurial behaviour) is novel; at this point, it is exploratory in intention and tentative in reach.

Need to pioneer Islamic tourism in tourist resorts in Maldives

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 895-916
Author(s):  
Aishath Muneeza ◽  
Zakariya Mustapha ◽  
Fathimath Nashwa Badeeu ◽  
Aminath Reesha Nafiz
Keyword(s):  
Design Methodology ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Legal Framework ◽  
Tourism Industry ◽  
Qualitative Approach ◽  
Financing Structure ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Practical Implications ◽  
Insight Into

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to formulate ways in which Maldives could pioneer Islamic tourism on a befitting framework and financing structure as a leverage to develop its tourism industry. Design/methodology/approach The research uses qualitative approach whereby primary and empirical data on tourism practices as well as relevant laws and guidelines, issued in Maldives and in other Muslim jurisdictions of the Muslim, are analyzed. Doctrinal approach is used in analyzing secondary data on the subject. Findings The research reveals the potential of Islamic tourism in Maldives as well as the challenges that have constrained its development in the country. Certainty is needed in halal products, services and conducts. Codifying extant Maldives Halal Tourism Standards will establish legal framework for a standard Shariah-compliant tourism industry. Islamic financing structure enables mobilizing required funds and address financing constraints. Practical implications This research presents an insight into establishing and developing Islamic tourism industry in the Maldives. Harmonizing tourism regulations with Shariah shall bring about the required consciousness on Shariah compliance in target tourists and their desires. Private individuals can contribute in mobilizing the much needed Shariah-compliant resources to finance Islamic model resorts befitting an Islamic tourism industry. Originality/value The research puts forward proposal that identifies and recognizes a more viable Islamic financing alternative as well as Shariah-compliant regulations to pioneer the development of Islamic tourism in Maldives. The research recommends how to overcome related challenges helps government understand the proposed strategies for establishing Islamic tourism industry.

Poverty, growth, inequality: some general and India-specific considerations

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 136-151 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sreenivasan Subramanian ◽  
Mala Lalvani
Keyword(s):  
Urban Poverty ◽  
Empirical Finding ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Average Income ◽  
Equal Distribution ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Collaborative Paper ◽  
Similar Theme ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Cross Country

PurposeThis paper aims to address the thesis that poverty is best alleviated by a policy emphasising the growth of per capita average income, a strategy that affords little room for direct pro-poor interventions or a movement towards a more equal distribution of incomes. This policy prescription is based on the empirical finding that cross-country variations in poverty are largely explained by variations in growth rates of average income.Design/methodology/approachThe paper contends, as has been done in other commentaries on the subject, that inferring the dictum that “growth is [virtually the only thing] good for poverty” from cross-country evidence on poverty, growth and inequality is neither logically plausible nor normatively compelling. This is sought to be established both through conceptual reasoning and (secondary) data-based analysis. In particular, the thesis under review implicitly rejects the value of counter-factual analysis. Such a hypothetical illustrative analysis is attempted here, using evidence relating to urban poverty, growth and inequality in India.FindingsThe paper concludes, without undermining the salience of growth, that there is little basis for the pre-eminence accorded to it astheinstrument for poverty redress.Originality/valueThis paper has not been published elsewhere. A collaborative paper by one of the present authors with another scholar, on a similar theme is, however, under preparation for publication.

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