Analysis and optimization of morphing wing aerodynamics

2019 ◽  
Vol 91 (3) ◽  
pp. 538-546 ◽  
Author(s):  
Witold Artur Klimczyk ◽  
Zdobyslaw Jan Goraj
Keyword(s):  
Optimal Solution ◽  
Design Sensitivity ◽  
Substantial Improvement ◽  
Surface Model ◽  
Morphing Wing ◽  
Trailing Edge ◽  
Significant Information ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Additional Information ◽  
Wing Optimization

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to present a method for analysis and optimization of morphing wing. Moreover, a numerical advantage of morphing airfoil wing, typically assessed in simplified two-dimensional analysis is found using higher fidelity methods.Design/methodology/approachBecause of multi-point nature of morphing wing optimization, an approach for optimization by analysis is presented. Starting from naïve parametrization, multi-fidelity aerodynamic data are used to construct response surface model. From the model, many significant information are extracted related to parameters effect on objective; hence, design sensitivity and, ultimately, optimal solution can be found.FindingsThe method was tested on benchmark problem, with some easy-to-predict results. All of them were confirmed, along with additional information on morphing trailing edge wings. It was found that wing with morphing trailing edge has around 10 per cent lower drag for the same lift requirement when compared to conventional design.Practical implicationsIt is demonstrated that providing a smooth surface on wing gives substantial improvement in multi-purpose aircrafts. Details on how this is achieved are described. The metodology and results presented in current paper can be used in further development of morphing wing.Originality/valueMost of literature describing morphing airfoil design, optimization or calculations, performs only 2D analysis. Furthermore, the comparison is often based on low-fidelity aerodynamic models. This paper uses 3D, multi-fidelity aerodynamic models. The results confirm that this approach reveals information unavailable with simplified models.

Unsteady aerodynamic characteristics of a morphing wing

2018 ◽  
Vol 91 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jinwu Xiang ◽  
Kai Liu ◽  
Daochun Li ◽  
Chunxiao Cheng ◽  
Enlai Sha
Keyword(s):  
Lift Coefficient ◽  
Angle Of Attack ◽  
Large Angle ◽  
Unsteady Aerodynamics ◽  
Aerodynamic Characteristics ◽  
Static Case ◽  
Morphing Wing ◽  
Trailing Edge ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Unsteady Aerodynamic

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to investigate the unsteady aerodynamic characteristics in the deflection process of a morphing wing with flexible trailing edge, which is based on time-accurate solutions. The dynamic effect of deflection process on the aerodynamics of morphing wing was studied. Design/methodology/approach The computational fluid dynamic method and dynamic mesh combined with user-defined functions were used to simulate the continuous morphing of the flexible trailing edge. The steady aerodynamic characteristics of the morphing deflection and the conventional deflection were studied first. Then, the unsteady aerodynamic characteristics of the morphing wing were investigated as the trailing edge deflects at different rates. Findings The numerical results show that the transient lift coefficient in the deflection process is higher than that of the static case one in large angle of attack. The larger the deflection frequency is, the higher the transient lift coefficient will become. However, the situations are contrary in a small angle of attack. The periodic morphing of the trailing edge with small amplitude and high frequency can increase the lift coefficient after the stall angle. Practical implications The investigation can afford accurate aerodynamic information for the design of aircraft with the morphing wing technology, which has significant advantages in aerodynamic efficiency and control performance. Originality/value The dynamic effects of the deflection process of the morphing trailing edge on aerodynamics were studied. Furthermore, time-accurate solutions can fully explore the unsteady aerodynamics and pressure distribution of the morphing wing.

Effect of supplier development activities on performance outcomes: an empirical study

2018 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 489-516 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manojkumar Vithalrao Dalvi ◽  
Ravi Kant
Keyword(s):  
Performance Outcomes ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Hierarchical Regression ◽  
Supplier Development ◽  
Significant Information ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Additional Information ◽  
First Time ◽  
The Relationship

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to examine the role of supplier development activities (SDAs) in the context of three major performance outcomes (POs), i.e. supplier performance improvement (SPI), buyer’s competitive advantage improvement (BCAI) and buyer-supplier relationship improvement (BSRI). Design/methodology/approach A survey was conducted of 214 manufacturing organizations and the data were analyzed using factor analysis, correlation analysis and multiple hierarchical regression analysis. Findings This paper categorizes the identified 28 SDAs and 33 POs into five and three major categories of SDAs and POs, respectively. The results indicate a significant relationship between each aspect of SDAs and POs, except investment. The effect of each category of SDA is determined through a developed framework. Research limitations/implications This present study analyzes the SDAs and POs from the buyer’s point of view. A paired buyer and supplier data may provide some additional information about the relationship between SDAs and POs. Practical implications The outcome of this study will provide significant information for managers and academicians who are involved in outsourcing. Originality/value For the first time, the relationship and effect of each category of SDAs was analyzed in combination with three major POs, i.e. SPI, BSRI and BCAI.

Trajectory tracking and point stability of three-axis aero-dynamic pendulum with MPC strategy in disturbance environment

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaofeng Liu ◽  
Jiahong Xu ◽  
Yuhong Liu
Keyword(s):  
Predictive Model ◽  
Trajectory Tracking ◽  
Control Strategy ◽  
Kinematic Model ◽  
Control Variable ◽  
Optimal Solution ◽  
Intelligent Manufacturing ◽  
Pendulum System ◽  
Content Type ◽  
3D Space

Purpose The purpose of this research on the control of three-axis aero-dynamic pendulum with disturbance is to facilitate the applications of equipment with similar pendulum structure in intelligent manufacturing and robot. Design/methodology/approach The controller proposed in this paper is mainly implemented in the following ways. First, the kinematic model of the three-axis aero-dynamic pendulum is derived in state space form to construct the predictive model. Then, according to the predictive model and objective function, the control problem can be expressed a quadratic programming (QP) problem. The optimal solution of the QP problem at each sampling time is the value of control variable. Findings The trajectory tracking and point stability tests performed on the 3D space with different disturbances are validated and the results show the effectiveness of the proposed control strategy. Originality/value This paper proposes a nonlinear unstable three-axis aero-dynamic pendulum with less power devices. Meanwhile, the trajectory tracking and point stability problem of the pendulum system is investigated with the model predictive control strategy.

Factors limiting the adoption of hemp as an alternative sustainable material for green building delivery in Ghana

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kofi Agyekum ◽  
Emmanuel Adinyira ◽  
James Anthony Oppon
Keyword(s):  
Building Materials ◽  
Green Building ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Sustainable Material ◽  
Environmental Threats ◽  
Additional Information ◽  
Comparative Review ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
The Government

PurposeThe increased awareness of global environmental threats like climate change has created an upsurge of interest in low embodied carbon building materials for green building delivery. Though the literature advocates for the use of hemp-based building materials, there is no evidence of studies to explore its potential use in Ghana. Therefore, this study explores the potential factors that limit the adoption of hemp as an alternative sustainable material for green building delivery in Ghana.Design/methodology/approachA structured questionnaire was used to solicit the views of built environment professionals operating in construction, consulting and developer firms. The questions were developed through a comparative review of the related literature and complemented with a pilot review. Data were analysed via descriptive and inferential statistics.FindingsOn the average, the majority of the respondents showed a moderate level of awareness of hemp and its related uses in the construction industry. Also, certain key factors like the perceived association of hemp with marijuana, lack of expertise in the production of hemp-related building materials, farmers not getting the needed clearance for the cultivation of hemp, lack of legislation by the government in the legalisation of hemp and the inadequate knowledge of consumers on the benefits of hemp-based building materials were identified as potential limitations to the adoption of hemp as an alternative sustainable material for green building delivery.Originality/valueThe findings from this study provide insights into a less investigated area in sub-Saharan Africa and further provide new and additional information to the current state-of-the-art on the potential for the use of hemp in the building construction sector.

A statistical method for build orientation determination in additive manufacturing

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 187-207 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yicha Zhang ◽  
Ramy Harik ◽  
Georges Fadel ◽  
Alain Bernard
Keyword(s):  
Additive Manufacturing ◽  
Statistical Method ◽  
Supervised Machine Learning ◽  
Surface Model ◽  
Generic Level ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Build Orientation ◽  
Cad Models ◽  
Feature Based ◽  
Orientation Determination

Purpose For part models with complex shape features or freeform shapes, the existing build orientation determination methods may have issues, such as difficulty in defining features and costly computation. To deal with these issues, this paper aims to introduce a new statistical method to develop fast automatic decision support tools for additive manufacturing build orientation determination. Design/methodology/approach The proposed method applies a non-supervised machine learning method, K-Means Clustering with Davies–Bouldin Criterion cluster measuring, to rapidly decompose a surface model into facet clusters and efficiently generate a set of meaningful alternative build orientations. To evaluate alternative build orientations at a generic level, a statistical approach is defined. Findings A group of illustrative examples and comparative case studies are presented in the paper for method validation. The proposed method can help production engineers solve decision problems related to identifying an optimal build orientation for complex and freeform CAD models, especially models from the medical and aerospace application domains with much efficiency. Originality/value The proposed method avoids the limitations of traditional feature-based methods and pure computation-based methods. It provides engineers a new efficient decision-making tool to rapidly determine the optimal build orientation for complex and freeform CAD models.

scholarly journals Design And Experimental Studies Of Flexible Trailing Edge For Variable Camber Morphing Wing

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmad T. Kalaji
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Carbon Fiber ◽  
Deflection Angle ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Morphing Wing ◽  
Trailing Edge ◽  
Wing Section ◽  
Rigid Constraint ◽  
The Difference

This thesis presents a flexible trailing edge mechanism capable of undergoing a change in camber for a wing section. The mechanism takes advantage of a rigid constraint between the ends of two flexible carbon fiber panels, which produces a deflection when there is a difference in length between the two panels. A prototype was designed and built and experimental data was collected for the deformation of the panels for different values of lengths and analyzed to find a function to describe the coefficients which form the polynomials describing the shape for each of the panels, based on the difference in length value. Deflection and deflection angle results were used to develop a controller which will calculate the required change in length based on a deflection or angle and a bottom panel length input.

UAV and the comparison of image processing software

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 18-27 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dimitris Kaimaris ◽  
Petros Patias ◽  
Maria Sifnaiou
Keyword(s):  
Image Processing ◽  
Global Positioning System ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Surface Model ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Global Positioning ◽  
Erdas Imagine ◽  
Aerial Vehicle ◽  
Processing Software ◽  
Image Processing Software

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to discuss unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) and the comparison of image processing software. Design/methodology/approach Images from a drone are used and processed with new digital image processing software, Imagine UAV® of Erdas imagine 2015®. The products (Digital Surface Model and ortho images) are validated with check points (CPs) measured in the field with Global Positioning System. Moreover, similar products are produced by Agisoft PhotoScan® software and are compared with both the products of Imagine UAV and the CPs. Findings The results reveal that the two software tools are almost equivalent, while the accuracies of their products are similar to the accuracies of the external orientations of drone images. Originality/value Comparison of image processing software.

Propeller thrust force contribution to airplane longitudinal stability

2018 ◽  
Vol 90 (9) ◽  
pp. 1474-1478
Author(s):  
Miodrag Milenković-Babić
Keyword(s):  
Stability Analysis ◽  
Thrust Force ◽  
Standard Procedure ◽  
Longitudinal Stability ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Additional Information ◽  
New Information ◽  
Practical Implications ◽  
Theoretical Results ◽  
Propeller Thrust

Purpose This paper aims to present the new information about propeller thrust force contribution to airplane longitudinal stability analysis. Design/methodology/approach The method presented in this paper is empirical, shows how propeller thrust force derivative can be obtained and gives some additional information about misinterpretation of the propeller thrust effects that are present in the current literature. Findings New information about propeller thrust force contribution to airplane longitudinal stability analysis has been presented. This information should enable more precise insight in aircraft stability analysis and better understanding of the physical process that occurs during maneuver flight. Practical implications The information presented in this paper is new and specific to the propeller aircraft configuration. The methods used here are standard procedure to evaluating propeller thrust force derivative. Originality/value The information in this paper presents theoretical results. The method for calculating thrust force contribution to the airplane longitudinal stability is given depending on the propeller type and should enable good engineering results.

Decision-making approach for complex problems management in a scarce human resources environment

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcilio Andrade ◽  
Dermeval Carinhana Jr
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Human Resources ◽  
Theoretical Perspective ◽  
Optimal Solution ◽  
Complex Problem ◽  
Theory Of Constraints ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Physical Constraints ◽  
Complex Problems ◽  
The Relationship

Purpose This purpose of this study is to structure complex problems to be solved with greater efficiency, optimising the relationship between root causes (RC) relevance of the problem and utilisation of human resources to treat them, minimising the use of manpower in problem-solving activity and thus contributing to greater productivity within organisations. Design/methodology/approach The authors built an approach under the concepts of theory of constraints and multiattribute and multiobjective decision-making methods that were applied in a real complex problem of the low development of Brazilian space industry, by theoretical perspective. Also, the authors submitted it in a simulation environment to assess in which situations it is successful considering number of problem’s RC, system complexity and number of people in the system. Findings The approach was successful on the real case, finding the optimal relationship between the RC relevance and the number of people involved to treat them. For certain complex problem inputs configurations, simulation results reveal that the approach is reliable obtaining more than 95% chance of success in finding the optimal relationship, when comparing with traditional prioritising methods. Originality/value This approach introduces an unprecedented way to locate and evaluate non-physical constraints within a system, which is used to determine RC relevance, as well as an unprecedented way of defining a single optimal solution for structuring a problem, considering the relevance of RC and the use of human resources. The approach is useful for organisations in general which often need managing complex problems with few resources.

High-concentration time–frequency analysis for multi-component nonstationary signals based on combined multi-window Gabor transform

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Qiang Wang ◽  
Chen Meng ◽  
Cheng Wang
Keyword(s):  
Optimal Solution ◽  
Iteration Process ◽  
Perfect Reconstruction ◽  
Gabor Transform ◽  
Zak Transform ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Nonstationary Signals ◽  
Time Frequency ◽  
Optimization Function

PurposeThis study aims to reveal the essential characteristics of nonstationary signals and explore the high-concentration representation in the joint time–frequency (TF) plane.Design/methodology/approachIn this paper, the authors consider the effective TF analysis for nonstationary signals consisting of multiple components.FindingsTo make it, the authors propose the combined multi-window Gabor transform (CMGT) under the scheme of multi-window Gabor transform by introducing the combination operator. The authors establish the completeness utilizing the discrete piecewise Zak transform and provide the perfect-reconstruction conditions with respect to combined TF coefficients. The high-concentration is achieved by optimization. The authors establish the optimization function with considerations of TF concentration and computational complexity. Based on Bergman formulation, the iteration process is further analyzed to obtain the optimal solution.Originality/valueWith numerical experiments, it is verified that the proposed CMGT performs better in TF analysis for multi-component nonstationary signals.

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