The meaning of work for Italian school principals
Purpose Firstly, to verify whether and how school principals' meaning of work is associated with personal, organizational and relational aspects of work. Secondly, to verify whether the organizational and relational factors mentioned incrementally predict the meaning of work, when compared with the effect of personal dimensions. Design/methodology/approach Self-report data was collected using a questionnaire adapted to the cultural and work setting of Italian school principals. The data was analyzed using hierarchical multiple regression. Findings The results showed the meaning of work correlated positively [moderately] with all of the predictors considered in the study. Job satisfaction and self-efficacy explained 21% of the variance in the meaning of work. A further 24% of the variance was explained by role clarity, possibilities for development and sense of belonging to the workplace. Finally, positive feedback from colleagues did not explain an incremental variance of the meaning of work. Research limitations/implications The authors note the following limitations of the research: firstly, the cross-sectional design does not allow the inference of causal links among the variables; secondly, because of the use of a self-report questionnaire, non-significant effects such as relationships at work are not explained as they would likely to be by cross-informant approaches. Practical implications The practical implications are the occupation-specific approach to the study of the meaning of work and the need to focus on different roles within the same types of occupation. The more we can understand how principals perceive and value their work, the more effectively training for school leadership can be tailored to the role this entails. Originality/value This study has originality and value in that it investigates an area that has previously been under-researched.