Fawn and deer: a public institution’s biological assets valuation

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 1-24
Author(s):  
Zaimah Abdullah ◽  
Hasnah Shaari ◽  
Sitraselvi Chandren ◽  
Arifatul Husna Mohd Ariff
Keyword(s):  
Learning Outcomes ◽  
Public Universities ◽  
Ethical Issues ◽  
Primary Objective ◽  
Agricultural Activity ◽  
Reporting Standard ◽  
Accounting Standard ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Teaching Case ◽  
Private Entity

Study level/applicability The teaching case is designed to be used by students in higher education institutions at the undergraduate level. This case may also be relevant for staff at the bursary departments of any public universities or public organizations that have biological assets. Case overview This case provides a study on agricultural activity at Universiti Pengurusan Malaysia (UNIPM). The purpose of this case is to create greater awareness for case users on the accounting framework and on methods recommended for recording specific assets in agricultural activity, i.e., biological assets. This case provides users with experience in explaining the nature of an organization’s agricultural activities and accounting for biological assets as recommended in the Malaysian accounting framework. In addition, users are exposed to some current issues in accounting standards, such as ethical issues. In this case, Fakhrul, an accountant at UNIPM and a leader of the Asset Unit, was responsible for reporting the value of all UNIPM’s assets, including biological assets. He was instructed to accurately recognize, measure, and disclose the value of biological assets according to the appropriate accounting standard. Furthermore, UNIPM had been urged to replace the existing accounting standard of the Malaysian Private Entity Reporting Standard (MPERS) with the Malaysian Public Sector Accounting Standard (MPSAS). Fakhrul was considering how to account for and report biological assets according to the new MPSAS. This case is a decision making or ‘unfinished’ case which is suitable for financial accounting and reporting courses. The names of the people and the university are fictitious, but the details were based on actual events. A series of interviews were conducted with the key players to gather the data. Other useful documents such as the university’s annual report, university’s website and the deer reports were also referred. Expected learning outcomes The primary objective of this teaching case is to provide an opportunity for case users to understand both the accounting framework and the methods recommended for recording specific assets in agricultural activity. More specifically, the teaching objectives of this case are to achieve the following learning outcomes: to identify the relevant accounting standard for recognizing, measuring, reporting, and disclosing biological assets by public universities in Malaysia, to apply the appropriate accounting treatment in recognizing, measuring, reporting, and disclosing biological assets in accordance with the appropriate accounting standard for public universities in Malaysia and to understand the ethical issues involved in deer valuation methods. Supplementary materials Teaching notes are available for educators only. Subject code CSS 1: Accounting and finance.

Impairment reversals: unbiased reporting or earnings management

2018 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 245-271 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tongyu Cao ◽  
Hasnah Shaari ◽  
Ray Donnelly
Keyword(s):  
Earnings Management ◽  
Financial Reporting ◽  
Accounting Standards ◽  
Financial Accounting ◽  
Financial Accounting Standards Board ◽  
Reporting Standard ◽  
Accounting Standard ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Study Support ◽  
A Company

Purpose This paper aims to provide evidence that will inform the convergence debate regarding accounting standards. The authors assess the ability of impairment reversals allowed under International Accounting Standard 36 but disallowed by the Financial Accounting Standards Board to provide useful information about a company. Design/methodology/approach The authors use a sample of 182 Malaysian firms that reversed impairment charges and a matched sample of firms which chose not to reverse their impairments. Further analysis examines if reversing an impairment charge is associated with motivations for and evidence of earnings management. Findings The authors find no evidence that the reversal of an impairment charge marks a company out as managing contemporaneous earnings. However, they document evidence that firms with high levels of abnormal accruals and weak corporate governance avoid earnings decline by reversing previously recognized impairments. In addition, companies that have engaged in big baths as evidenced by high accumulated impairment balances and prior changes in top management, use impairment reversals to avoid earnings declines. Research limitations/implications The results of this study support both the informative and opportunistic hypotheses of impairment reversal reporting using Financial Reporting Standard 136. Practical implications The results also demonstrate how companies that use impairment reversals opportunistically can be identified. Originality/value The results support IASB’s approach to the reversal of impairments. They also provide novel evidence as to how companies exploit a cookie-jar reserve created by a prior big bath opportunistically.

UCOOK: growth challenges faced by a small- to medium-sized South African venture

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 1-33
Author(s):  
Geoff Bick ◽  
Jeanné Odendaal
Keyword(s):  
Learning Outcomes ◽  
South African ◽  
Business Students ◽  
Emerging Market ◽  
Growth Strategy ◽  
Sustainable Growth ◽  
Strategic Decision ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Teaching Case ◽  
Post Graduate

Learning outcomes The learning outcomes are as follows: to understand how technology can be used to create innovative entrepreneurial opportunities; to develop analytical and critical thinking skills to understand organisations, industries and their dynamics; to analyse strategic options for an entrepreneurial organisations and motivate a proposed strategic direction; and to assess the inter-functional requirements for an entrepreneurship to successfully implement a strategy. Case overview/synopsis UCOOK, a successful emerging economy SME, is confronted with the threat of retail giants (e.g. Checkers and Woolworths) entering the meal kit space. No longer the only “new kid on the block”, UCOOK has to consider a sustainable growth strategy to remain competitive. The case provides the reader with a snapshot of experiences of a meal kit entrepreneurial venture and what it entails for them to grow in the South African milieu. Principally, this case is designed to impart knowledge and stimulate a practical understanding of entrepreneurship and strategic decision-making in the meal kit industry. Additionally, the purpose is to serve as inspiration for business students to see the opportunities that lie within strategically astute emerging market ventures. Complexity academic level The primary target audience for this teaching case is postgraduate business students, especially students of entrepreneurship, strategy and e-commerce. This teaching case is intended to be used as case study in post graduate business programmes such as Master of Business Administration (MBA), a specialist Masters programme such as MM (Entrepreneurship), post-graduate diploma in management (PGDip), as well as selected executive education programmes. Supplementary materials Teaching Notes are available for educators only. Please contact your library to gain login details or email [email protected] to request teaching notes. Subject code CSS 3: Entrepreneurship.

VillageReach: innovating for improved health care at the “last mile”

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 1-33
Author(s):  
Cynthia Schweer Rayner ◽  
Camilla Thorogood ◽  
Francois Bonnici
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Public Sector ◽  
Learning Outcomes ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Social Innovation ◽  
Donor Funding ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Non Profit ◽  
Teaching Case ◽  
The Public

Learning outcomes The learning outcomes are to understand the definition of public value and the strategic drivers behind public value creation, understand the nature of social innovation in the public sector, identify the critical opportunities and challenges involved in sustaining innovation in the public sector and identify the role that non-profit organizations can play in supporting and sustaining social innovation. Case overview/synopsis This case puts participants in the shoes of a global health innovator’s leadership team as the organization approaches a funding crisis. The organization, VillageReach, is on a quest to expand across the public health system of Mozambique and experiences a funding dilemma. The case reveals the challenges of working with governments to achieve large-scale, systemic change. It explores the conundrum of using international donor funding to embed new practices in government service delivery. Ultimately, it asks participants to choose between the pursuit of new, small-scale innovative projects and the large-scale rollout of a national programme. Complexity academic level This teaching case is written for courses focused on social entrepreneurship, social innovation and social change. It can also be used in courses focused on non-profit management and public sector innovation. Specifically, the teaching case is suitable for two audiences: social enterprise and non-profit managers focused on strategy, development and operations (the case focuses on an enterprise that relies primarily on donor funding) and health-care managers and administrators. Generally, the case is suitable for undergraduates in their final year of study as well as graduate-level business and public administration courses, including MBA, MPH, MPA, EMBA and Executive Education courses. Supplementary materials Teaching Notes are available for educators only. Subject code CSS 3: Entrepreneurship.

Yuppiechef: from clicks to bricks – an omnichannel approach for a South African business

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 1-17
Author(s):  
Mignon Reyneke ◽  
Claire Barnardo
Keyword(s):  
Learning Outcomes ◽  
South African ◽  
Business Students ◽  
Growth Strategy ◽  
Master Of Business Administration ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Teaching Case ◽  
Academic Level ◽  
Buying Behaviour

Learning outcomes The learning outcomes are as follows: understanding online, traditional and omnichannel retail and the challenges and benefits of each method; evaluating the effect of consumer buying behaviour on a company’s growth strategy; assessing the effect of changing industry dynamics and technology on consumer behaviour; and understanding the role of consistent customer experience across different retail mediums. Case overview/synopsis This case looks at Yuppiechef, a successful e-commerce business, and their move from “clicks to bricks” with the introduction of retail stores. Founder and CEO of Yuppiechef, Andrew Smith, shares the current business status and considers how to maintain the brand’s culture with the growth of retail and being an omnichannel pioneer. Complexity academic level The primary target audience for this teaching case is postgraduate business students, especially students of digital marketing, strategy and e-commerce. This teaching case is intended to be used as case study in postgraduate business programmes such as Master of Business Administration (MBA), a specialist masters’ programme such as MM (Entrepreneurship), post-graduate diploma in management (PGDip), as well as selected executive education programmes. Supplementary materials Teaching Notes are available for educators only. Subject code CSS 8: Marketing.

Perceptions of external auditors, preparers and users of financial statements about the adoption of IFRS 8

2015 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 2-27 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ghassan H. Mardini ◽  
Louise Crawford ◽  
David M. Power
Keyword(s):  
Financial Statements ◽  
Annual Reports ◽  
International Accounting ◽  
Reporting Standard ◽  
Accounting Standard ◽  
Content Type ◽  
External Auditors ◽  
Decision Usefulness ◽  
Ifrs 8 ◽  
The Impact

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to explore the perceptions of external auditors, preparers and users (investors and analysts) of financial statements in Jordan about this new segmental reporting standard; a decision usefulness framework underpins the research. Design/methodology/approach – The objective of this study is to explore the perceptions of external auditors, preparers and users (investors and analysts) of financial statements in Jordan about this new segmental reporting standard; a decision usefulness framework underpins the research. Findings – The findings reveal that a majority of interviewees found that IFRS 8 was not a problematic standard, and that the management approach of IFRS 8 was an improvement on the previous standard – International Accounting Standard (IAS) 14R – because the information produced was seen as useful to users of financial statements. Moreover, the respondents indicated that there was an improvement in the quantity and quality of segmental information under IFRS 8 in annual reports for 2009; it was more understandable, relevant, reliable and comparable than the segmental information which had previously been reported. Research limitations/implications – No attempt was made to assess the usefulness of segmental information reported under IFRS 8 by Jordanian listed companies in their annual reports for other groups such as lenders, suppliers, customers, trade creditors and the general public (IASC, 1989). Thus, a survey about the impact of IFRS 8 on other groups may yield further insights about the decision usefulness of the new standard’s disclosures. However, Jordanians are not familiar with such research instruments and the culture within the society is relatively secretive (Piro, 1998). Practical implications – The findings of the current research should be valuable for international accounting standard setters at the International Accounting Standards Board. It provides some indication about the impact of this new standard. Originality/value – This research shows that segmental information reported under IFRS 8 is more useful for decision makers needs compared to segmental information that previously reported under IAS 14R. It also provides a great insight about the impact of this new segmental disclosure standard.

Vegoganic AB: the dilemma of arsenic in rice products

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-25
Author(s):  
Julia P. Rotter ◽  
Cecilia M. Mark-Herbert
Keyword(s):  
Learning Outcomes ◽  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Teaching Case ◽  
Business Context ◽  
The Core ◽  
Societal Values ◽  
Academic Level ◽  
Trade Offs ◽  
The World

Learning outcomes This teaching case aims to stimulate the debate over the issue of arsenic in rice and prepares students to make a decision by evaluating trade-offs and aligning moral values in a business context. Case overview/synopsis Rice feeds people in many parts of the world. This teaching case focuses on an entrepreneurial food producer who has strong sustainability values built into his business model. The CEO, Johan Henriksson, of Vegoganic faces a dilemma when a press release by the Swedish National Food Agency potentially threatens the core existence of the business. It challenges the CEO to take a stand on food safety and food security, as well as personal and societal values. Complexity academic level It is a discussion case, developed with undergraduate students in mind, but could be taken to a graduate level by including more advanced literature and questions. Supplementary materials Teaching Notes are available for educators only. Please contact your library to gain login details or email [email protected] to request teaching notes. Subject code CSS 8: Marketing

BOS Brands: challenges of internationalisation

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 1-32
Author(s):  
Christopher James Human ◽  
Geoff Bick
Keyword(s):  
Learning Outcomes ◽  
Multinational Corporations ◽  
Emerging Market ◽  
Entry Mode ◽  
Physical Distance ◽  
Executive Education ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Teaching Case ◽  
Global Brand ◽  
Education Courses

Subject area This teaching case focuses on the field of marketing, particularly, the situation of building a global brand as small and medium-sized enterprises (SME) internationalizing from an emerging market. Study level/applicability It is recommended for postgraduate and post-experience students, for example, in MBA programmes and executive education courses. Case overview This teaching case focuses on the field of marketing, particularly, the situation of building a global brand as SME internationalizing from an emerging market. It is recommended for postgraduate and post-experience students, for example, in MBA programmes and executive education courses. BOS Brands provides an interesting case on the internationalisation experience of a Born Global firm, particularly from an emerging market context. This medium-sized South African business develops, distributes and markets Rooibos-based beverages in Southern Africa and Europe, with eyes on a broader global presence. The case provides insights into the strategic decisions required to successfully take a medium-sized business into competitive foreign markets without the capital and support enjoyed by many larger multinational corporations. Among other issues, BOS Brands provides fertile ground to explore the selection of target country and entry mode, overcoming cultural and physical distance, opportunity recognition and the roles of networks and innovation. Expected learning outcomes The expected learning outcomes are to: analyse the decision-making process of the internationalising SME in terms of internationalisation factors, timing and phases and evaluation of potential target countries and entry mode options and launch marketing approach; understand the complexities of marketing in a foreign cultural and business context (including cultural and physical distance); and develop alternative marketing strategies for an entrepreneurial SME to grow internationally given limited resources. Supplementary materials Teaching notes are available for educators only. Please contact your library to gain login details or email [email protected] to request teaching notes. Subject code CSS 8: Marketing.

GrowBox: the reality of growth challenges for a social entrepreneur in Cape Town

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-23
Author(s):  
Claire Barnardo ◽  
Mignon Reyneke ◽  
Caitlin Ferreira ◽  
Jeandri Robertson
Keyword(s):  
Social Development ◽  
Learning Outcomes ◽  
Social Impact ◽  
Cape Town ◽  
Sustainable Growth ◽  
Target Market ◽  
Sustainable Entrepreneurship ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Teaching Case

Learning outcomes The learning outcomes of this paper is as follows: to strategically evaluate the strengths, weaknesses, threats and resulting opportunities that face an entrepreneurial startup. To apply the academic principle of competitiveness and evaluate the competitive advantage of the business and its competitors through the application of the Porter’s five forces model. To evaluate the contextual tensions that entrepreneurial ventures face, and how these affect the growth of a sustainable business. To develop the skills to create a target market analysis by using segmentation, targeting and positioning principles. To evaluate the best strategic actions to grow a business through the lens of sustainable entrepreneurship, by using principles such as the triple bottom line and people, opportunity, context and deal and framework. Case overview/synopsis The case look at business challenges faced by an entrepreneur, Renshia Manuel, the CEO of GrowBox, as she attempts to balance the profitability and social impact of her venture in Cape Town, South Africa. GrowBox sells customisable self-contained wooden boxes equipped with all materials to grow a variety of vegetables and herbs for consumers. Large volumes of boxes are often purchased by corporate clients who donated these to lower-income communities as part of their social responsibility projects. Additional landscaping and food-scaping services make up another revenue stream of the business. The case study documents the conception of GrowBox in 2016 and the growth of the business in the first four years of operation. The theft of equipment, and difficulty in recruiting and retaining staff due to the volatile social climate of where the business was situated, have put the business under great financial pressure and reduced the efficiency of business processes. The case highlights a number of the harsh realities of sustainable entrepreneurship where both profitability and social impact are vitally important to ensure business sustainability. The case dilemma involves the choices faced by Renshia at the beginning of 2020 regarding the future, sustainable growth of the business. Complexity academic level The target audience for this teaching case is primarily business students at a postgraduate level, particularly those studying in the fields of sustainable entrepreneurship and social development, as well as marketing in emerging markets. This teaching case is intended to be used as a case study in postgraduate business programmes such as postgraduate diplomas in management, specialist Masters programmes such as those focussed on entrepreneurship, social entrepreneurship or social development, as well as those studying a Master of Business Administration or related executive education programme. Supplementary materials Teaching notes are available for educators only. Subject code CSS 3: Entrepreneurship.

Mastering the art of managing a conglomerate business empire in Myanmar

2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Jenson Chong-Leng Goh ◽  
Manohar P. Sabnani ◽  
Gee Kwang Randolph Tan ◽  
Siew Peng Tan
Keyword(s):  
Learning Outcomes ◽  
Business Model ◽  
Corporate Strategy ◽  
Listed Company ◽  
Subject Area ◽  
Economies Of Scope ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Teaching Case ◽  
Corporate Strategies ◽  
A Company

Subject area Strategy. Study level/applicability Undergraduate final year or MBA. Case overview This teaching case describes the journey undertaken by Yoma Strategic Holdings (YSH) Ltd, a Singapore-listed company that operates predominately in Myanmar, to become a successful and highly profitable conglomerate business empire in Myanmar. The case provides a rich contextual description of how YSH leveraged upon its partnerships and capabilities, especially with its parent and sister companies, to pursue its conglomerate business model. To facilitate the discussion that this teaching case aims to generate among lecturers and students, we have provided a summary of the latest developments in Myanmar since the 2010 general election. This helps to give students an appreciation of the challenges involved in creating a successful business in Myanmar. Expected learning outcomes The learning outcomes that this teaching case hopes to achieve in students are as follows: Understand the concept of “economies of scope” in corporate strategy; identify and explain the various corporate strategies (i.e. diversification and vertical integration) that can be implemented to develop a conglomerate business model; recognize the organizational and managerial issues arising from implementing these corporate strategies and understand the circumstances that influence its success; and assess the relative advantages of managing a business in a conglomerate business model and advise a company on whether a particular activity should be undertaken internally or outsourced. Supplementary materials Teaching Notes are available for educators only. Please contact your library to gain login details or email [email protected] to request teaching notes.

scholarly journals THE USEFULNESS OF FINANCIAL STATEMENT REPORTING BY CHARITABLE COMPANIES LIMITED BY GUARANTEE IN MALAYSIA

2017 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 203
Author(s):  
Muhammad Faiz Tumiran ◽  
Anuar Nawawi ◽  
Ahmad Saiful Azlin Puteh Salin
Keyword(s):  
Financial Reporting ◽  
Financial Statement ◽  
Main Concern ◽  
Reporting Standard ◽  
Accounting Standard ◽  
Financial Reports ◽  
Financial Report ◽  
The Public ◽  
Percent Contribution ◽  
Private Entity

The purpose of this study is primarily to scrutinize the usefulness of financial statement reporting by charitable companies limited by guarantee in Malaysia as prescribed in the rules and regulations. The main concern is whether there is limitation for the charitable company to follow this requirement in which, their performance and accountability will be analyzed. These attributions will lead to the improvement on the level of governance and accountability to satisfy all the relevant parties, especially the stakeholders and the public interest as a whole. 50 companies were selected as a sample and three years of financial reports from 2009 to 2011 were scrutinized. This study found that the majority of the charitable companies adopted PERS (Private Entity Reporting Standard) and FRS (Financial Reporting Standard) in preparing their financial report while less than 5 percent did not clearly state their accounting standard. For the establishment objective, at least half of the companies spent more than 50 percent contribution received for the purpose of their institution. This study also found that more than 80 percent of the companies at least provided a minimum disclosure on the contributions received in their financial report with moderate level quality of information. However, less than 50 percent of the companies fully complied with the basic requirement of the Companies Act 1965 and are being compounded by the regulators.  

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