Career stage and truck drivers’ regulatory attitudes

2016 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 686-706 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew A. Douglas ◽  
Stephen M. Swartz
Keyword(s):  
Ordinary Least Squares ◽  
Truck Drivers ◽  
Survey Study ◽  
Career Stages ◽  
Career Stage ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Motor Carrier ◽  
The Road ◽  
Motor Carriers ◽  
Safety Regulations

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to determine whether or not early, mid, late career stage truck drivers view the safety regulations differently and how drivers’ regulatory attitudes influence their compliance attitudes and intentions. Design/methodology/approach This survey study is designed to evaluate the differences in truck drivers’ attitudes toward safety regulations across career stages. Moreover, the study applies ordinary least squares path analysis to determine the influence of drivers’ regulatory attitudes on compliance attitudes and intentions. Findings Results revealed that drivers in early and late career stages harbor different perceptions of the burden safety regulations place on driving operations, the effectiveness of driver-focused safety regulations in maintaining road safety, and the acceptability of certain unsafe acts. Moreover, drivers’ attitudes toward regulations directly and indirectly influenced compliance attitudes and intentions. Research limitations/implications The participant sample was taken from employees of four large motor carriers operating refrigerated and dry box trailers over the road in interstate commerce. While the sample is roughly representative of this segment, the authors recommend caution in generalizing the findings across the diverse US trucking industry as a whole. Practical implications Findings suggest that motor carrier management should tailor safety and regulatory familiarization training across career stages. Moreover, carriers should provide targeted communication regarding the effectiveness of regulations and impact of regulations on driving operations in order to alleviate drivers’ negative attitudes toward regulations where possible. Originality/value This study marks the first application of career stage theory to the motor carrier safety context. This study also provides further evidence as to the efficacy of drivers’ attitudes toward safety regulations in predicting drivers’ compliance attitudes and intentions. A better understanding of these phenomena may lead to improved compliance and safety.

CEO career concerns and expectations management

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 267-289
Author(s):  
Elio Alfonso ◽  
Li-Zheng Brooks ◽  
Andrey Simonov ◽  
Joseph H. Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Earnings Forecasts ◽  
Early Career ◽  
Career Concerns ◽  
Career Stages ◽  
Career Stage ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Expectations Management ◽  
Reputational Capital ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Practical Implications

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to examine the impact of career concerns on CEOs’ use of expectations management to meet or beat analysts’ quarterly earnings forecasts. The authors posit that early career-stage CEOs are less (more) likely to use expectations management than are late career-stage CEOs if the market views expectations management as an opportunistic strategy (efficient process) due to reputational capital concerns. Design/methodology/approach The authors obtain data for CEO career stages and CEO compensation from ExecuComp, analyst earnings forecasts from the detailed I/B/E/S database, financial statement data from quarterly Compustat and stock returns from the daily CRSP database over the period 1992–2013. Findings The results are consistent with the opportunistic hypothesis and early-stage CEOs seeking to build reputational capital by avoiding the perception of engaging in an inefficient managerial strategy. The authors find robust evidence that late career-stage CEOs are more likely to engage in expectations management than early career-stage CEOs. Furthermore, the authors show that late career-stage CEOs tend to employ expectations management to boost the value of their equity-based compensation. Research limitations/implications The findings have important implications because the authors document a different implication of the “horizon problem” related to CEOs’ opportunistic forecasting behavior and the manipulation of analysts’ forecasts for CEOs who are approaching retirement. Practical implications The results have practical implications for analysts who provide earnings forecasts for firms whose CEOs are in early or late career stages and for investors who use such analysts’ forecasts in firm valuation models. Originality/value The authors contribute to the literature on expectations management by documenting how reputational incentives of CEOs affect the likelihood that managers engage in expectations management. The authors show that an important managerial incentive to engage in expectations management is CEO career concerns. Furthermore, the authors show that CEOs who are in early stages of their careers choose not to engage in expectations management due to the market’s perceived degree of opportunism pertaining to this strategy.

The moderating effect of career stage on the relationship between job embeddedness and innovation-related behaviour (IRB)

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 109-122 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhmmad Rafiq
Keyword(s):  
Professional Growth ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Job Embeddedness ◽  
Moderating Effect ◽  
Early Career ◽  
Career Stages ◽  
Career Stage ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Relationship

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to re-examine the moderating effect of career stage on the relationship between job embeddedness and innovation-related behaviour (IRB). Design/methodology/approach Data were collected from a sample of 310 Chinese media organisation employees and were analysed using moderated structural equation modelling. Findings Career stage significantly moderated the relationship between job embeddedness and IRB; individuals who experienced high job embeddedness in their early career stage were found to be engaged in more IRBs than those who experienced low job embeddedness in their early career stage. Moreover, the author also found that individuals who experienced high job embeddedness at mid-late career stages were less engaged in IRB, as compared to those at earlier career stages. Research limitations/implications These findings contribute to the understanding of the relationship between employee job embeddedness and IRB at different career stages. The findings are limited by the cross-sectional nature of the data. Originality/value This study demonstrates that individuals at a mid-late career stage may define their work roles differently to those at an early career stage. Employers often expect individuals in the mid-late career stage to facilitate the work of others and to assist junior colleagues in their professional growth (Super et al., 1996).

Managing frontline employee performance through coaching: does selling experience matter?

2017 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 220-240 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claudio Pousa ◽  
Anne Mathieu ◽  
Carole Trépanier
Keyword(s):  
Banking Sector ◽  
Employee Performance ◽  
Career Stages ◽  
Career Stage ◽  
Managerial Coaching ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Moderation Effect ◽  
Frontline Employee ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Positive Effect

Purpose The impact of managerial coaching on frontline employee performance has received initial support in literature in recent years. However, no studies have explored if this impact should vary according to the career stage that the employee is in. If an interaction effect exists, then managers should expect different results when coaching people in different stages of their careers. Otherwise, all employees (independently of their career stage) can benefit from the positive impact of coaching and, thus, the manager can expect a continuous positive outcome on employee performance throughout their careers. Accordingly, the purpose of this paper is to evaluate the moderation effect of an employee’s career stage on the relationship between managerial coaching and performance. Design/methodology/approach A sample of 318 financial advisors from two Canadian banks was used to collect data on the amount, and quality, of managerial coaching received by the employees, as well as their performance. multigroup confirmatory factor analysis ran in AMOS was used to test the moderation effect of experience. Findings Results confirmed the positive effect of managerial coaching on frontline employee behavioral and sales performance, but no moderation effect was found. The measuring and causal models showed invariance for employees in their early (one to seven years of selling experience), middle (8-15 years), and late (more than 15 years) career stages, suggesting that managerial coaching will make a consistent contribution to performance throughout all the stages of the employee’s career. Research limitations/implications The study makes two main contributions to the scientific literature. First, it offers an original study examining the effect of managerial coaching on frontline employee performance in the banking sector. Second, it examines the role of selling experience as a moderator in coaching processes, thus contributing to the limited literature on career stages. Practical implications The study suggests that managers should equally devote their coaching efforts to all employees, independently of their selling experience. Contrary to the belief that rookies will benefit more from coaching, and that “you cannot teach an old dog new tricks,” results suggest that managerial coaching makes a continuous contribution to performance throughout all the stages of an employee’s career. Originality/value To the authors’ knowledge, this is the first study to examine the moderation effect of selling experience on coaching consequences, and one of the few to present evidence of the positive effect of managerial coaching on frontline employee performance in the banking sector.

Leadership style and organizational innovativeness drive motor carriers toward sustained performance

2013 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 247-270 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert E. Overstreet ◽  
Joe B. Hanna ◽  
Terry A. Byrd ◽  
Casey G. Cegielski ◽  
Benjamin T. Hazen
Keyword(s):  
Transformational Leadership ◽  
Organizational Performance ◽  
Leadership Style ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Dynamic Capabilities ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Motor Carrier ◽  
Motor Carriers ◽  
Organizational Innovativeness ◽  
Motor Carrier Industry

PurposeThe purpose of this study is to examine the complex relationships between transformational leadership, organizational innovativeness, and motor carrier performance.Design/methodology/approachA covariance‐based structural equation model was developed, tested and validated to explain the effect of leadership style and innovativeness on motor carrier performance. The authors’ hypotheses were tested using responses from 158 North American motor carriers.FindingsThe results support a direct as well as an indirect positive relationship between transformational leadership and organizational performance. Through the theoretical lens of dynamic capabilities theory, the results indicate that leaders motivate organizational change based on their own idiosyncrasies and perceptions of the environment.Research limitations/implicationsThis research was limited by its focus on the motor carrier industry and may limit the generalizability of the findings. While the sample of motor carriers was selected at random, the individuals within each of the organizations were purposively selected based on their positions.Practical implicationsThe results indicate that the proactive leader who makes calculated changes is likely to chart a course towards enhanced organizational innovativeness and performance that may provide the firm with a sustained competitive advantage.Originality/valueThis is one of the few works investigating leadership style and innovativeness in the motor carrier industry.

scholarly journals Career stages in management studies: a systematic review of scientific production from 2011 to 2020

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nágila Giovanna Silva Vilela ◽  
Tania Casado
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Web Of Science ◽  
Scientific Production ◽  
Career Stages ◽  
Career Stage ◽  
Life Balance ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Attitudes And Behaviors ◽  
Methodological Approaches

PurposeThe purpose of this article is to present a systematic review of scientific production on career stages in the last decade (2011–2020). More specifically, it seeks to understand the methodological approaches, how career stages have been operationalized in research in the Management field, and the main results of these researches.Design/methodology/approachThe authors searched articles about career stages on the Web of Science database published between 2011 and 2020. The final portfolio for the systematic review included 20 article based on pre-established criteria for the selection.FindingsThe results present an overview of these articles, as well as the methodological approaches used. The authors confirmed that there is no consensus on the operationalization of the career stage. Five topics associated with career stages were discussed: workers' attitudes and behaviors; training and mentoring; intentions; perception of success and work-life balance; and work values.Originality/valueThe authors found no other studies concerning the review of scientific production on career stages and divergences in the operationalization of the theme. However, considering the large number of research studies that deal with careers and their stages, it is relevant to discuss how the career stages can be operationalized and whether their operationalization is valid.

scholarly journals The impact of hours-of-service regulations on transportation productivity and safety: A summary of findings from the literature

2009 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 49-63 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hokey Min
Keyword(s):  
Truck Drivers ◽  
Substantial Cost ◽  
Motor Carrier ◽  
Motor Carriers ◽  
Systematic Overview ◽  
Managerial Implications ◽  
Prior Literature ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Duty Time ◽  
The U.S

Since driver fatigue has known to be the primary cause of serious truck crashes, the Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration (FMCSA) has attempted to implement new hours-of-service (HOS) regulations that aimed to promote safer driving environments. The new HOS regulations effective on October T‘ of2005, however, may lead to substantial cost increases for the trucking industry which will in turn hurt shippers and ultimately customers. For instance, motor carriers may need to hire additional drivers to comply with new HOS regulations requiring that drivers be placed out of service until they accumulated enough off-duty time. In particular, off-duty breaks required to refresh driving hours were increased to 10 consecutive hours from the old rule of eight cumulative hours. A chronic shortage of truck drivers coupled with new HOS regulations could further aggravate the driver recruitment and retention problems. In addition, due to potential loading/unloading delays and stiffer fines /penalties resulting from new HOS regulations, trucking productivity may decline. To help trucking firms cope with various challenges of new HOS regulations, this paper provides a systematic overview of prior literature that examines the impact of HOS on transportation productivity and safety in the U.S. It also discusses managerial implications of new HOS regulations.

scholarly journals Career stages and occupations impacts on workers motivations

2018 ◽  
Vol 39 (5) ◽  
pp. 746-763 ◽  
Author(s):  
Henrique Duarte ◽  
Diniz Lopes
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Changes ◽  
European Social Survey ◽  
European Countries ◽  
Career Stages ◽  
Integrative Approach ◽  
Career Stage ◽  
Validity And Reliability ◽  
Social Survey ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Per Se

Purpose The career concept has become fuzzier due to changing work patterns, the ageing workforce and the environmental changes occurring during workers lifespans. Together this requires a renewed and broader reaching contextualization of this concept. The purpose of this paper is to set out an integrative approach arguing that the integration of career stage models with occupational groups proves more explanative of intrinsic and extrinsic worker motivations. Design/methodology/approach Secondary data from 23 European countries were drawn from the European Social Survey 2006. The construct validity and reliability of indicators was analyzed. Hypotheses were tested using discriminant analysis. Findings Results showed that neither occupations nor career stages are determinants per se of intrinsic motivations, but are better explained by their mutual integration. Career stages were shown to predict per se extrinsic motivations. Research limitations/implications The recourse to the European Social Survey pre-determined scales and the application of age ranges as proxies for careers stages suggested the usage of more specific measures in future studies. Practical implications Career management and compensation policies might be better tailored to worker motivations by considering the age ranges (as proxies of career stages) and workers’ occupations. Originality/value Findings evidenced the explanatory value of occupations for worker motivations and allowed putting into perspective the contextualization of not only boundaryless and protean career concepts, but also career stage theories. Data support the ecological validity of applying a career stages and occupations framework to a highly diversified and representative sample of European countries.

scholarly journals Between a rock and a hard place: publishing issues in public relations and communication management

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gemma Bridge ◽  
Johanna Fawkes ◽  
Ralph Tench
Keyword(s):  
Public Relations ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Academic Community ◽  
Small Sample ◽  
Early Career ◽  
Career Stages ◽  
Career Stage ◽  
Communication Management ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Hard Place

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to explore the pressures to publish facing European public relations (PR) and communication management scholars across career stages.Design/methodology/approachThe Delphi method was used with PR and communication management scholars at associate professor level or higher across Europe. An online survey was then shared with the wider academic community to gather insights from scholars at different career stages.FindingsThe suitability and status of the journal and the language of the outputs are considered. Academics are caught between the rock of publishing inside the field to support its development and the hard place of being required to publish in high-ranking journals for funding and promotion. Scholars are evaluated regularly, with journal articles being the main unit of assessment. Academics, regardless of career stage, feel under pressure to publish.Research limitations/implicationsThe wider survey enabled publishing insights to be gathered from academics across the career spectrum, but it was completed by a small sample. Nevertheless, similar concerns emerged from both methods of data gathering, suggesting a clear agenda for discussion and further research.Practical implicationsPR and communications management is an academic discipline without an accepted list of high-impact journals. This study provides an annotated journal list to aid institutional evaluations, aid scholarly journal publishing decisions and support early career researchers navigating the publishing process.Originality/valueThis adds to the somewhat limited discussion regarding how academics in PR and communication management decide where to publish and provides a resource that can be used by scholars, institutions and funders.

Fifty years inside the minds of truck drivers

2019 ◽  
Vol 49 (6) ◽  
pp. 626-643 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen LeMay ◽  
Scott B. Keller
Keyword(s):  
Autonomous Vehicles ◽  
Historical Context ◽  
Truck Drivers ◽  
The Political ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Motor Carrier ◽  
Motor Carrier Industry ◽  
The Usa ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Historical Developments

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to examine the past 50 years of driver research from a historical context linked to the political and economic developments of the US motor carrier industry. Design/methodology/approach A comprehensive literature review was conducted and studies were targeted that exemplified eras of historic change pertaining to trucking published within the top-tier logistics journals. Findings Distinctive categorizations of driver research emerged: organizing era from 1930 to 1949, era of the collective mind from 1950 to 1979, era of the individual from 1980 to 2009 and the era of the driver as extension of the firm from 2010 to present. Research streams are highly influenced by current industry developments, economic conditions and the political landscape. Research limitations/implications The chronological framework of research established specific time-based eras. An alternative framework or other emerging eras may be conceived as scholars consider factors in addition to those explored within this research. Practical implications Managers within developing countries may leverage the research within a specific era to help resolve driver problems that have already been researched in the USA. Scholars are encouraged to further study truck drivers as critical extensions of the firm in light of the advances in autonomous vehicles, drones and other technology impacting the motor carrier industry. Social implications For nearly a half century, the turnover of truck drivers has been a major issue. This research provides driver managers with the knowledge to better understand and to more adequately provide for the needs and welfare of truck drivers. Originality/value This research is the first to fully connect the research and developments pertaining to the motor carrier industry, the occupation of truck driving and the historical developments of US policy and the economy.

scholarly journals Work-Related Accident Prevention in Norwegian Road and Maritime Transport: Examining the Influence of Different Sector Rules

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (5) ◽  
pp. 72
Author(s):  
Tor-Olav Nævestad ◽  
Beate Elvebakk ◽  
Karen Ranestad
Keyword(s):  
Safety Management ◽  
Qualitative Interviews ◽  
Road Transport ◽  
Accident Prevention ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Maritime Transport ◽  
The Road ◽  
Work Related ◽  
Safety Regulations ◽  
Framework Conditions

About 36% of fatal road accidents in Norway involve at least one driver who is “at work”. It has been argued that the implementation of rules clearly defining the responsibility of road transport companies to prevent work related accidents, by implementing safety management systems (SMS), could lead to increased safety. In the present study we tested the validity of this suggestion, by examining the influence of different sector rules on work-related accident prevention in Norwegian road and maritime transport. In contrast to the road sector, the maritime sector has had rules requiring SMS for over 20 years, clearly defining the shipping companies responsibility for prevention of work-related accidents. The aims of the study were to: (1) examine how the different sector rules influence perceptions of whether the responsibility to prevent work-related accidents is clearly defined in each sector; and (2) compare respondents’ perceptions of the quality of their sectors’ efforts to prevent work-related accidents, and factors influencing this. The study was based on a small-scale survey (N = 112) and qualitative interviews with sector experts (N = 17) from companies, authorities, and NGOs in the road and the maritime sectors. Results indicate that respondents in the maritime sector perceive the responsibility to prevent work-related accidents as far more clearly defined, and they rate their sector’s efforts to prevent accidents as higher than respondents in road. Multivariate analyses indicate that this is related to the scope of safety regulations in the sectors studied, controlled for several important framework conditions. Based on the results, we conclude that the implementation of SMS rules focused on transport companies’ responsibility to prevent work-related accidents could improve safety in the road sector. However, due to barriers to SMS implementation in the road sector, we suggest starting with a simplified version of SMS.

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