Effects of the dimensions of ethnocentrism on consumer ethnocentrism

2019 ◽  
Vol 36 (5) ◽  
pp. 748-770 ◽  
Author(s):  
Boris Bizumic
Keyword(s):  
Ethnic Group ◽  
Direct Effect ◽  
Indirect Effects ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Main Role ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Mediation Analyses ◽  
Consumer Ethnocentrism ◽  
Socio Economic Status ◽  
Six Dimensions

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to investigate, theoretically and empirically, the role of the six dimensions of reconceptualized ethnocentrism in consumer ethnocentrism. The paper investigates both direct and indirect effects of the six dimensions on consumer ethnocentrism, through four theoretically meaningful mediators: nationalism, ethnic ingroup positivity, national ingroup positivity and prejudice against foreigners. Design/methodology/approach This study has used primary data collected from 304 US citizens through online surveys, including measures of demographics, ethnocentrism, consumer ethnocentrism, nationalism and attitudes toward ethnic ingroups, national ingroups and foreigners. Correlational, sequential multiple regression and parallel multiple mediation analyses were conducted to investigate effects of the dimensions of ethnocentrism on consumer ethnocentrism. Findings Regression and mediation analyses, covarying age, education, gender, ethnicity and socio-economic status, showed that ethnocentric purity had a direct effect on consumer ethnocentrism, whereas ethnocentric devotion and exploitativeness had indirect effects, entirely mediated by nationalism. There were no significant effects of the other dimensions of ethnocentrism, ethnic ingroup positivity, national ingroup positivity or prejudice against foreigners. In addition, two demographic variables (white/Anglo Americans and lower socio-economic status) had a direct effect on consumer ethnocentrism, whereas three other variables (gender, education and age) did not. Originality/value This study is first to explore how the dimensions of ethnocentrism relate to consumer ethnocentrism. Although consumer ethnocentrism has often been linked to ethnocentrism, the relationship has never been explicitly studied. Ethnocentrism, defined as ethnic group self-centeredness and self-importance, in which the main role is to ensure ethnic group strength and survival, plays a substantial but mainly indirect role via nationalism in consumer ethnocentrism. This study shows that both direct and indirect processes concerned with ethnic groups play a substantial role in the development of consumer ethnocentrism. Implications of the findings for consumer ethnocentrism and global consumer culture are discussed.

Family socio-economic status and young children's outcomes

2014 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 83-95 ◽  
Author(s):  
Angela Donkin ◽  
Jillian Roberts ◽  
Alison Tedstone ◽  
Michael Marmot
Keyword(s):  
Negative Impact ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Social Gradient ◽  
Rapid Review ◽  
Healthy Life ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Social And Emotional ◽  
Socio Economic Status ◽  
Social And Emotional Skills ◽  
The Social

Purpose – This paper was written as part of a suite to inform the Big Lottery Better Start programme and as such has focused on the outcomes that are of interest to that programme. The authors have also focused on outcomes for younger children and the zero to three years age group where data are available. There is a social gradient such that the lower a family's socio-economic status (SES) the greater the likelihood that they have children who are obese, have impaired social and emotional skills, or have impaired language acquisition. These statistics are clear and undisputed. The purpose of this paper is to explore some of the reasons for the social gradient in these outcomes. The paper provides some suggestions for actions that might be taken to redress the inequalities. It follows broader work presented in, for example, the Marmot (2010) review, Fair Society Healthy Lives. Design/methodology/approach – Rapid review of the literature building on the work of the Marmot (2010) review. Findings – Poor SES is linked with increased stress and a higher likelihood of being unable to afford to live a healthy life. These factors can have a negative impact on children's outcomes. The paper presents some examples of what can be done. Originality/value – This should be a useful paper for local authorities trying to reduce inequalities and improve outcomes.

scholarly journals Straddling the Boundary: The Case of Mahali Christians in Terms of their Socio-Cultural Adjustment, in Two Mahali Villages in Bangladesh

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 227-240
Author(s):  
Shahnaz Sarker ◽  
Bokul Hossain ◽  
Rayhena Sarker
Keyword(s):  
Ethnic Group ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Belief Systems ◽  
Power Structure ◽  
Cultural Adjustment ◽  
Social Changes ◽  
Socio Economic Status ◽  
The North ◽  
Traditional Lifestyle ◽  
North Western

In this study we selected a small ethnic group named Mahali living in the villages Pachandar and Mondumala of Barind track at Rajshahi in the north-western part of Bangladesh along with the mainstream individuals. Those two villages are entirely occupied by homogenous people of Mahali who practice their traditional lifestyle accompanied by Christianity. In this context, we have tried to explore the religious syncretism of the Mahali Christians regarding their ethnic background, socio-economic status, power structure and their belief systems. We also identify the process of acculturation that took place among the Mahalis after Christianization and that resulted in a number of social changes through decades, thus turning the Mahali culture into a state of transition. In addition, we have also made some recommendations on this issue based on the findings having from the study

Direct and indirect effects of socio-economic status on child development: is developmental parenting a relevant mediator?

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Giovanna Nunes Cauduro ◽  
Euclides José de Mendonça Filho ◽  
Nicole Pandolfo Silveira ◽  
Denise Ruschel Bandeira
Keyword(s):  
Child Development ◽  
Indirect Effects ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Direct And Indirect Effects ◽  
Socio Economic Status

Beyond the crime-terror nexus: socio-economic status, violent crimes and terrorism

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 158-172 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vanja Ljujic ◽  
Jan Willem van Prooijen ◽  
Frank Weerman
Keyword(s):  
Open Access ◽  
Relative Deprivation ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Recognition System ◽  
Strain Theory ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Security Measures ◽  
Violent Crimes ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Socio Economic Status

Purpose The literature on terrorism suggests a strong link between criminal offending and terrorism – the crime-terror nexus. Building upon a strain theory perspective, the purpose of this paper is to suggest that devalued socio-economic status (i.e. limited education and unemployment) and criminal past define the pool of people from which violent and terror offenders may be recruited. Design/methodology/approach The current study compares three sources of data on educational and employment characteristics of violent and terror offenders: Dutch statistical data (CBS) including the Police Recognition System (HKS) on violent criminals, the findings on jihadist networks and the open access on European terrorists. Findings The majority of Dutch violent offenders, foreign fighters and European terrorists have only completed secondary school (or lower) and were unemployed in the year of offending. Half of recent European terrorists had previously been involved in violent crimes and/or had joined jihadi groups abroad. Research limitations/implications One limitation of the study concerns the exploratory use of secondary and open-access data. While it was impossible to establish causality with the current methodology, these findings highlight the background conditions under which violent and terrorist crime can originate, and suggest one of the mechanisms that shapes the crime-terror nexus. Future research would benefit from more work identifying the causal antecedents to terrorism. Practical implications Whether relative deprivation is a direct cause or merely an amplifying factor in criminal motivation needs to be scrutinized in future research. However, its consideration may have great implications for policy and law enforcement agencies. Social implications An individual’s desire to improve status and personal significance by the virtue of illegal activity may be particularly salient in the context of cultural polarization, which manifests as decreased trust and loyalty toward national laws and institutions. Parallel to preventive and security measures, it may be worthwhile to encourage multicultural associations and community networks in support of mutual (interethnic and interreligious) understanding. Originality/value The paper explores one of the oldest factors that has been suspected of leading to terrorism in lack of economic or educational opportunity. However, the paper also offers a new perspective on how these factors may relate to participation in terrorism. Rather than claiming these factors directly cause terrorism, the authors take a strain theory perspective to argue that these strains induce fewer opportunities to engage in terrorism and provide individuals with the skills/strength to resist de-radicalization or counter-radicalization.

Users and non-users of counterfeits: motivations, emotional outcomes and neutralization processes

2019 ◽  
Vol 28 (6) ◽  
pp. 733-746
Author(s):  
Şahver Omeraki Çekirdekci ◽  
Fatma Ozge Baruonu Latif
Keyword(s):  
Design Methodology ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Customer Behavior ◽  
Purchase Behavior ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Socio Economic Status ◽  
Emotional Outcomes ◽  
Consumption Practices ◽  
Decision Making Processes

Purpose This paper aims to examine how socio-economic status (SES) shapes consumers’ purchase behavior of genuine brands and counterfeits. It also forms a typology based on the decision-making processes of these two groups by exploring neutralization processes and emotional outcomes related to their behaviors. Design/methodology/approach Data are collected through in-depth, semi-structured interviews with 42 users and non-users of counterfeits from different SES groups. Findings This paper develops a consumer typology based on the customer behavior of counterfeit and genuine brand users, as well as emotional outcomes and neutralization strategies used to justify their actions according to their SES group. These categories are defined as the black chameleons, the counterfeit owners, the genuine brand owners and the authenticity seekers. Originality/value This paper contributes to the counterfeit literature by examining the consumption practices of each SES group of users and non-users of counterfeits by focusing on motivations, emotional outcomes and neutralization processes. The study shows how consumers’ end consumption practices and their SES group explains the mix findings on the counterfeit literature.

Analysing consumers’ perceived differences in wild and farmed fish

2015 ◽  
Vol 117 (3) ◽  
pp. 1007-1016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Konstantinos Polymeros ◽  
Eleni Kaimakoudi ◽  
Maria Schinaraki ◽  
Christos Batzios
Keyword(s):  
Design Methodology ◽  
Field Survey ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Total Sample ◽  
Marketing Strategies ◽  
Consumer Perceptions ◽  
Farmed Fish ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Socio Economic Status ◽  
Using Data

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to investigate consumers’ attitudes and behaviours towards wild and farmed fish, in order to identify possible distinct consumer groups, and to examine potential linkages between characteristics of the consumers’ demographic and socio-economic status and marketing aspects in wild and farmed fish. Design/methodology/approach – Using data from an in-person field survey, a TwoStep cluster analysis was employed in order to detect perceived differences among consumers with different profiles. Findings – The analysis identified two distinct consumer groups differentiated primarily by income: the low-potential aquaculture consumers and the high-potential aquaculture consumers, representing 67 and 33 per cent of the total sample, respectively. The study provides evidence that there is a lesser preference towards farmed fish. Therefore, more efficient marketing strategies are probably needed in order to promote awareness in aquaculture consumption, and potentially contribute in guiltlessness of the whole sector. Originality/value – There is a lack of detailed empirical research regarding consumer perceptions and particularly potential differentiation for wild and farmed fish. This paper advocates the use of consumer profiles as a basis for the development of consumer-focused strategies in order to improve consumer performance in the sector.

scholarly journals The role of sugar products and non-alcoholic beverages in the food budget: change across birth cohorts and between socio-economic groups

2021 ◽  
Vol 123 (13) ◽  
pp. 142-161
Author(s):  
Antti Kähäri
Keyword(s):  
Economic Status ◽  
Education Level ◽  
Alcoholic Beverages ◽  
Birth Cohorts ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Beverage Consumption ◽  
Socio Economic Status ◽  
Cohort Differences ◽  
Expenditure Share ◽  
Food Expenditure

PurposeThis study investigates how the consumption of sugar products and non-alcoholic beverages has changed across birth cohorts. In addition, this study examines how the socio-economic gaps in the consumption of said products have evolved across birth cohorts.Design/methodology/approachThe research data are drawn from the Finnish household expenditure surveys covering the period 1985–2016 (n = 44,286). An age-period-cohort methodology is utilised through the age-period-cohort-trended lag model. The model assumes that the linear long-term component of change is caused by generations replacing one-another, and that the age effect is similar across cohorts.FindingsSugar products and non-alcoholic beverages occupied a larger portion of more recent birth cohorts' food baskets. Cohort differences were larger in beverage consumption. Lower income was associated with a higher food expenditure share of sugar products in several cohorts. A higher education level was linked to a higher food expenditure share of sugar products in more cohorts than a lower education level. In cohorts born before the 1950s, non-alcoholic beverages occupied a larger portion of the food baskets of the high socio-economic status groups. This gap reversed over time, leading to larger food expenditure shares of non-alcoholic beverages in low socio-economic status groups.Originality/valueThis study assessed how the consumption of sugar products and non-alcoholic beverages has changed across birth cohorts. In addition, this study assessed how socio-economic differences in the consumption of said products have changed. The results highlight that sugar products and non-alcoholic beverages occupy larger portions of more recent birth cohorts’ food baskets. The results also highlight a reversal of socioeconomic differences in non-alcoholic beverage consumption.

Absorptive capacity and business performance

2018 ◽  
Vol 118 (9) ◽  
pp. 1787-1803 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xueyuan Liu ◽  
Haiyun Zhao ◽  
Xiande Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Direct Effect ◽  
Indirect Effects ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Business Performance ◽  
Mediating Effect ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Proposed Model ◽  
Multiple Paths

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to examine the multiple paths of absorptive capacity’s (AC) effect on business performance (BP): direct effect and indirect effects through innovation and mass customization (MC).Design/methodology/approachThe authors examined the role of innovation and MC capability on the relationship between AC and BP. Data from 278 Chinese firms in four manufacturing industries collected by questionnaire are used to empirically examine the proposed model by Structural equation modeling.FindingsThe results show that AC can directly enhance BP, and indirectly through innovation and MC capability. The study also finds that MC capability has a stronger mediating effect than innovation.Originality/valuePrior studies have not yet built linkages between AC and BP with both innovation and MC’s effects. This study provides empirical evidence of the effects of AC on BP and three paths are discussed including AC’s direct effect and indirect effects through innovation and MC to firm’s BP. This study provides a new direction for executives to better understand the movement of knowledge along supply chain and in intra-organizational environment, and of the importance of innovation and MC capability since they are essential carriers for BP enhancement.

scholarly journals The illusion of transparency: the geography of mortgage lending in Great Britain

2015 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 172-195 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alasdair Rae
Keyword(s):  
Great Britain ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Local Level ◽  
National Level ◽  
Mortgage Lending ◽  
Location Quotient ◽  
Comprehensive Overview ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Socio Economic Status ◽  
Mortgage Finance

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to provide a comprehensive overview of the geography of mortgage lending in Great Britain. It uses a new mortgage dataset as a way to shed light on the spatial distribution of mortgage finance and to highlight the different lending patterns of seven major UK banks. It also examines the relationship between the distribution of mortgage finance and socio-economic status at the local level. Design/methodology/approach – The methodology is based on simple quantitative techniques, including spatial analysis, location quotient analysis and socio-economic classification. Lending data for Great Britain’s 10,000 postcode sectors are the basis for analysis here. Findings – The results suggest that some banks lend significantly less than others in poorer areas, but, owing to a lack of data, it is not possible to say why. It is possible to identify banks that appear to change their lending patterns in areas with different socio-economic characteristics. The paper concludes by reflecting on key messages and by making a small number of recommendations to improve transparency in the sector. Research limitations/implications – In the absence of demand-side metrics, it is not possible to determine which banks lend disproportionately high or low amounts in poorer areas. Practical implications – This paper has implications in relation to increasing financial transparency in the residential mortgage sector. The most important implication would be to highlight the fact that this new data – whilst a welcome development – is a long way from providing proper transparency in the mortgage lending sector. Originality/value – This paper fills a gap in the international literature in relation to our understanding of the geography of mortgage lending in a major world economy. It also highlights important differential lending patterns in relation to socio-economic status at the sub-national level.

Is employee-client matching good for firms targeting the bottom of the pyramid? A study of microfinance institutions

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Naome Otiti ◽  
Kjetil Andersson ◽  
Roy Mersland
Keyword(s):  
Fixed Effects ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Research Question ◽  
Geographical Location ◽  
Employee Productivity ◽  
Bottom Of The Pyramid ◽  
Microfinance Institutions ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Global Database ◽  
Socio Economic Status

Purpose The purpose of this study is to determine whether there exists employee-client matching at the bottom of the pyramid (BOP) and the most favourable employee-client categorization in terms of employee productivity when serving the BOP market. This is important in a bid to determine how to effectively operate at the BOP given the market’s unique characteristics. Design/methodology/approach This study uses two methods depending on the research question. First, a one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) is used to determine the different employee-client categories based on socio-economic status. Second, fixed effects analyses are performed based on these categories to determine the most suitable employee-client category. Findings The results show the existence of employee-client matching based on similar socio-economic status. However, multivariate testing reveals that the mismatch category, where employees are of higher socioeconomic status than the clients, generates more favourable employee productivity. Moreover, this result may be contingent on the geographical location of the firm. Practical implications The findings are important for human resource management particularly the employment strategy of BOP firms. It suggests the need to consider employee profiles and client profiles when deciding which new markets to target. Originality/value The paper uses a global database of microfinance institutions as a case of BOP firms to investigate employee-client matching at the bottom of the pyramid.

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