Sexual sadism and criminal versatility: does sexual sadism spillover into nonsexual crimes?

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 2-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matt DeLisi ◽  
Alan Drury ◽  
Michael Elbert ◽  
Katherine Tahja ◽  
Daniel Caropreso ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factor ◽  
Sex Offenders ◽  
Sexual Violence ◽  
Criminal Behavior ◽  
Negative Binomial ◽  
Spillover Effects ◽  
Criminal Careers ◽  
Sexual Sadism ◽  
Sexual Homicide ◽  
Content Type

Purpose Sexual sadism is a well-known risk factor for severe forms of sexual violence including sexual homicide and serial sexual homicide. The research is decidedly mixed about the association between sexual sadism and other, nonsexual forms of criminal conduct. The paper aims to discuss these issues. Design/methodology/approach Drawing on data from a census of 225 federal sex offenders from a jurisdiction in the Midwestern USA, the current study examined whether sexual sadism had a spillover effect into nonsexual crimes using correlation, ANOVA, and negative binomial regression models. Findings Sexual sadism was strongly associated with diverse forms of nonsexual criminal behavior, and sexual sadists had more extensive and versatile criminal careers than sex offenders without a formal diagnosis. Practical implications Practitioners should be aware of sexual sadism as a criminogenic risk factor. Sexual sadism is associated with sexual deviance and sexual violence. Sexual sadism also has spillover effects where it is associated with nonsexual offending. Originality/value Sexual sadism can be a useful risk factor for other forms of crime and recidivism and has broad application in applied correctional and research settings.

Federal sex offender registration and notification act (SORNA) offenders: sexual versatility, criminal careers and supervision outcomes

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alan J. Drury ◽  
Matt DeLisi ◽  
Michael Elbert
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Sexual Offenders ◽  
Sex Offender ◽  
Negative Binomial ◽  
Crime Control ◽  
Sexual Offender ◽  
Criminal Careers ◽  
Sex Offender Registration ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Content Type

Purpose Sex offender registration and notification act (SORNA) offenders are a source of scholarly study across the social, behavioral, forensic and legal sciences with the bulk of literature focusing on the legal standing and deterrent value of sexual offender registries. Less research focuses on the offending careers of current SORNA offenders relative to other types of sexual offenders whose current offense is not SORNA. The purpose of the current study is to examine this issue empirically. Design/methodology/approach Using cross-sectional data from a census of male federal offenders who ever perpetrated a sexual offense from the central USA between 2016 and 2020, the current study used t-tests, logistic regression and negative binomial regression to compare current SORNA offenders to other federal correctional clients in terms of their lifetime offending history, sexual violence and compliance on federal supervision. Findings Current SORNA offenders are significantly more severe and versatile in their sexual offending, have more extensive criminal careers and criminal justice system involvement, and exhibit significantly increased odds of revocation on supervised release despite controls for age, race and ethnicity. However, sensitivity models that specified the federal Post-Conviction Risk Assessment reduced the effects of SORNA status to non-significance in all models. Originality/value SORNA offenders are potentially a significant offender group with evidence of both and given their versatile and specialized lifetime offending and noncompliance on federal supervision. However, current SORNA status is rendered spurious once a risk assessment is controlled suggesting more research is needed to evaluate whether sex offender registries posit greater crime control benefit.

Armed burglary: a marker for extreme instrumental violence

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matt DeLisi ◽  
Eric Beauregard ◽  
Hayden Mosley
Keyword(s):  
Regression Models ◽  
Negative Binomial ◽  
Negative Binomial Regression ◽  
Criminal Careers ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Violent Offending ◽  
Binomial Regression ◽  
Material Gain ◽  
Sexually Abuse ◽  
Severe Type

Purpose Most burglaries are property offenses yet some offenders perpetrate burglary for the purpose of violent instrumental crimes. Sexual burglars are distinct from non-sexual burglars because the former seek to rape or sexually abuse victims within the homes they burgle whereas the latter seek theft and material gain. It is unclear to what degree burglars who are armed with firearms or knives represent a type of sexual burglar, or perhaps a more severe type of offender who enters homes not merely to rape a victim, but to perhaps murder them as well. The paper aims to discuss these issues. Design/methodology/approach Drawing on data from 790 felons in Florida, t-test and negative binomial regression models were used to compare armed burglars to offenders who were not convicted of armed burglary. Findings Compared to offenders not convicted of armed burglary, armed burglars were involved in significantly more instrumental crimes of violence including first-degree murder, kidnapping, armed rape, armed robbery and assault with intent to murder. Armed burglary may be a marker of extreme instrumental violent offending and warrants further study. Originality/value To the authors’ knowledge, this is among the first studies of armed burglary offenders and adds understanding to the heterogeneity of burglary offenders and their criminal careers.

scholarly journals Transmission and Progression to Disease of Mycobacterium tuberculosis Phylogenetic Lineages in The Netherlands

2015 ◽  
Vol 53 (10) ◽  
pp. 3264-3271 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hanna Nebenzahl-Guimaraes ◽  
Lilly M. Verhagen ◽  
Martien W. Borgdorff ◽  
Dick van Soolingen
Keyword(s):  
Mycobacterium Tuberculosis ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
The Netherlands ◽  
Negative Binomial ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Sputum Smear ◽  
Foreign Born ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Phylogenetic Lineages

The aim of this study was to determine if mycobacterial lineages affect infection risk, clustering, and disease progression amongMycobacterium tuberculosiscases in The Netherlands. Multivariate negative binomial regression models adjusted for patient-related factors and stratified by patient ethnicity were used to determine the association between phylogenetic lineages and infectivity (mean number of positive contacts around each patient) and clustering (as defined by number of secondary cases within 2 years after diagnosis of an index case sharing the same fingerprint) indices. An estimate of progression to disease by each risk factor was calculated as a bootstrapped risk ratio of the clustering index by the infectivity index. Compared to the Euro-American reference,Mycobacterium africanumshowed significantly lower infectivity and clustering indices in the foreign-born population, whileMycobacterium bovisshowed significantly lower infectivity and clustering indices in the native population. Significantly lower infectivity was also observed for the East African Indian lineage in the foreign-born population. Smear positivity was a significant risk factor for increased infectivity and increased clustering. Estimates of progression to disease were significantly associated with age, sputum-smear status, and behavioral risk factors, such as alcohol and intravenous drug abuse, but not with phylogenetic lineages. In conclusion, we found evidence of a bacteriological factor influencing indicators of a strain's transmissibility, namely, a decreased ability to infect and a lower clustering index in ancient phylogenetic lineages compared to their modern counterparts. Confirmation of these findings via follow-up studies using tuberculin skin test conversion data should have important implications onM. tuberculosiscontrol efforts.

Resting heart rate and risk of violent encounters during arrest in a sample of law enforcement officers

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 265-286 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bryanna Fox ◽  
Lauren N. Miley ◽  
Richard K. Moule Jr
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Law Enforcement ◽  
Police Officers ◽  
Criminal Behavior ◽  
Negative Binomial ◽  
Law Enforcement Officers ◽  
Resting Heart Rate ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Prospective Longitudinal

Purpose Research indicates that a link exists between resting heart rate (RHR) and various forms of antisocial, violent and criminal behavior among community and criminal samples. However, the relationship between RHR and engagement in aggressive/violent encounters among law enforcement has not yet been examined. The purpose of this paper is to examine the link between RHR and engagement in violent encounters using prospective longitudinal data on a sample of law enforcement officers in the USA. Design/methodology/approach Negative binomial regression, Kaplan-Meier survival analysis and Cox hazard regressions are conducted using a sample of 544 police officers to determine if there a relationship between RHR and engagement in violent encounters by law enforcement, even when controlling for demographics, biological and social covariates. Findings Results indicate that higher RHR is associated with an increased risk of officers engaging in a violent altercation, as measured by the number of arrests for suspects resisting arrest with violence, even after controlling for all other relevant factors. Originality/value This study was the first to examine police officers RHR levels and its associated with violent altercations during arrest using a rigorous statistical methodology.

scholarly journals Sexbots as Synthetic Companions: Comparing Attitudes of Official Sex Offenders and Non-Offenders

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Georgia Zara ◽  
Sara Veggi ◽  
David P. Farrington
Keyword(s):  
Sex Offenders ◽  
Sexual Violence ◽  
Child Molesters ◽  
Self Regulation ◽  
Criminal Careers ◽  
Adult Males ◽  
Social Agents ◽  
Male Sex ◽  
Engagement In Treatment ◽  
Male Sex Offenders

AbstractThis is the first Italian study to examine views on sexbots of adult male sex offenders and non-offenders, and their perceptions of sexbots as sexual partners, and sexbots as a means to prevent sexual violence. In order to explore these aspects 344 adult males were involved in the study. The study carried out two types of comparisons. 100 male sex offenders were compared with 244 male non-offenders. Also, sex offenders were divided into child molesters and rapists. Preliminary findings suggest that sex offenders were less open than non-offenders to sexbots, showed a lower acceptance of them, and were more likely to dismiss the possibility of having an intimate and sexual relationship with a sexbot. Sex offenders were also less likely than non-offenders to believe that the risk of sexual violence against people could be reduced if a sexbot was used in the treatment of sex offenders. No differences were found between child molesters and rapists. Though no definitive conclusion can be drawn about what role sexbots might play in the prevention and treatment of sex offending, this study emphasizes the importance of both exploring how sexbots are both perceived and understood. Sex offenders in this study showed a high dynamic sexual risk and, paradoxically, despite, or because of, their sexual deviance (e.g. deficits in sexual self-regulation), they were more inclined to see sexbots as just machines and were reluctant to imagine them as social agents, i.e. as intimate or sexual arousal partners. How sex offenders differ in their dynamic risk and criminal careers can inform experts about the mechanisms that take place and can challenge their engagement in treatment and intervention.

The homicide circumplex: a new conceptual model and empirical examination

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 314-332 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matt DeLisi ◽  
Alan Drury ◽  
Michael Elbert
Keyword(s):  
Social Cognitive ◽  
Cognitive Biases ◽  
Negative Binomial ◽  
Negative Binomial Regression ◽  
Severe Form ◽  
Criminal Careers ◽  
Empirical Examination ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Lethal Violence ◽  
Gang Activity

PurposeHomicide is the most severe form of crime and one that imposes the greatest societal costs. The purpose of this paper is to introduce the homicide circumplex, a set of traits, behaviors, psychological and psychiatric features that are associated with greater homicidal ideation, homicidal social cognitive biases, homicide offending and victimization, and psychopathology that is facilitative of homicide.Design/methodology/approachUsing the data from a near population of federal supervised release offenders from the Midwestern USA, ANOVA, multinomial logistic, Poisson and negative binomial regression models were developed.FindingsGreater homicidal ideation is associated with homicide offending, attempted homicide offending and attempted homicide victimization and predicted by gang activity, alias usage, antisocial personality disorder and intermittent explosive disorder. These behavioral disorders, more extensive criminal careers, African American status and gang activity also exhibited significant associations with dimensions of the homicide circumplex.Originality/valueDeveloping behavioral profiles of offenders that exhibit homicidal ideation and behaviors are critical for identifying clients at greatest risk for lethal violence. The homicide circumplex is an innovation toward the goal that requires additional empirical validation.

Adverse childhood experiences, paraphilias, and serious criminal violence among federal sex offenders

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 105-119 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alan Drury ◽  
Tim Heinrichs ◽  
Michael Elbert ◽  
Katherine Tahja ◽  
Matt DeLisi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sex Offenders ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
Negative Binomial ◽  
Negative Binomial Regression ◽  
Childhood Experiences ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Criminal Violence ◽  
Adverse Childhood ◽  
Binomial Regression ◽  
Pornography Addiction

Purpose Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) are a broad conceptual framework in the social sciences that have only recently been studied within criminology. The purpose of this paper is to utilize this framework by applying it to one of the most potentially dangerous forensic populations. Design/methodology/approach Archival data from 225 federal sex offenders was used to perform descriptive, correlational, and negative binomial regression models. Findings There was substantial evidence of ACEs including father abandonment/neglect (36 percent), physical abuse (nearly 28 percent), verbal/emotional abuse (more than 24 percent), and sexual abuse (approximately 27 percent). The mean age of sexual victimization was 7.6 years with the youngest age of victimization occurring at the age of 3. Offenders averaged nearly five paraphilias, the most common were pedophilia (57 percent), pornography addiction (43 percent), paraphilia not otherwise specified (35 percent), exhibitionism (26 percent), and voyeurism (21 percent). The offenders averaged 4.7 paraphilias and the range was substantial (0 to 19). Negative binomial regression models indicated that sexual sadism was positively and pornography addiction was negatively associated with serious criminal violence. Offenders with early age of arrest onset and more total arrest charges were more likely to perpetrate kidnaping, rape, and murder. Originality/value ACEs are common in the life history of federal sex offenders, but have differential associations with the most serious forms of crime.

scholarly journals Perspektif Mahasiswa Fakultas Psikologi Angkatan 2015 Universitas Yarsi Jakarta Pusat Terhadap Aplikasi Chemical Castration (Kebiri) Bagi Pelaku Kekerasan Seksual Anak Di Indonesia Dan Tinjauannya Menurut Islam

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nisrina Nurul Insani ◽  
Bambang Poerwantoro ◽  
Zuhroni Zuhroni
Keyword(s):  
Sex Offenders ◽  
Sexual Violence ◽  
Child Protection ◽  
Criminal Behavior ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Student Perspective ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Chemical Castration ◽  
Psychology Class ◽  
High Level

The criminal behavior of sexual violence has a fairly high level of quantity in Indonesia, and not infrequently victims of this type of crime are children of underage. in May 2016, President Joko Widodo has signed a law enforcement regulation (Perppu) number 1 of 2016 on the second change number 23 of 2002 on child protection. In the perppu described, perpetrators of sexual crimes against children, can be threatened with the death penalty. Meanwhile, the use of chemical substances and the installation of electronic detection equipment can also be considered by the judge to provide additional punishment. This study aims to determine the perspective of students faculty of psychology class of 2015 Yarsi University central Jakarta to the application of chemical castration (kebiri) for child sex offenders in Indonesia and its review according to Islam. Research method used descriptive with cross sectional approach. Sampling technique in this research is purposive sampling. The result showed 32 respondents, 18 respondents (56.3%) did not agree and 14 students (43.7%) agreed. Student perspective of the faculty of psychology class of 2015 Yarsi University Central Jakarta does not agree to the application of chemical castration (kebiri) for child sexual violence perpetrators in Indonesia. According to Islam's view, the enactment of chemical curiosity as punishment for perpetrators of sexual violence is forbidden because it includes human torture and bodily harm.

Stepping stones to sexual murder: the role of developmental factors in the etiology of sexual homicide

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 199-214 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eric Beauregard ◽  
Matt DeLisi
Keyword(s):  
Sex Offenders ◽  
Sexual Offenders ◽  
Theoretical Models ◽  
Stepping Stones ◽  
Sexual Homicide ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Sexual Crime ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Developmental Factors

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to examine the role of a variety of developmental factors on sexual homicide offenders (SHOs), while taking into account other components of sexual homicide theoretical models. Design/methodology/approach A series of logistic regression models are performed using a total of 616 incarcerated adult male sexual offenders from Canada to distinguish between three groups of sexual offenders, SHOs, violent non-homicidal sex offenders (NHSOs) and NHSOs. Findings Results indicate that contrary to theoretical models, experiences of victimization are not central to the development of SHOs. Instead, it is the adoption of various problematic behaviors in childhood that appear as most important in the etiology of this particular type of sexual crime. This suggests that the various existing theoretical models of sexual homicide need to be revised and/or tested with additional empirical data. Originality/value This is the first study to look at developmental factors using two control groups of NHSOs and violent NHSOs.

Linkages between cross-country business cycles, cross-country stock market cycles and cross-country real estate market cycles

2016 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 123-146 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kim Hiang Liow
Keyword(s):  
Real Estate ◽  
Stock Market ◽  
Business Cycles ◽  
Spillover Effects ◽  
Real Estate Market ◽  
Stock Market Index ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Market Index ◽  
Cross Country ◽  
The Cross

Purpose This research aims to investigate whether and to what extent the co-movements of cross-country business cycles, cross-country stock market cycles and cross-country real estate market cycles are linked across G7 from February 1990 to June 2014. Design/methodology/approach The empirical approaches include correlation analysis on Hodrick–Prescott (HP) cycles, HP cycle return spillovers effects using Diebold and Yilmaz’s (2012) spillover index methodology, as well as Croux et al.’s (2001) dynamic correlation and cohesion methodology. Findings There are fairly strong cycle-return spillover effects between the cross-country business cycles, cross-country stock market cycles and cross-country real estate market cycles. The interactions among the cross-country business cycles, cross-country stock market cycles and cross-country real estate market cycles in G7 are less positively pronounced or exhibit counter-cyclical behavior at the traditional business cycle (medium-term) frequency band when “pure” stock market cycles are considered. Research limitations/implications The research is subject to the usual limitations concerning empirical research. Practical implications This study finds that real estate is an important factor in influencing the degree and behavior of the relationship between cross-country business cycles and cross-country stock market cycles in G7. It provides important empirical insights for portfolio investors to understand and forecast the differential benefits and pitfalls of portfolio diversification in the long-, medium- and short-cycle horizons, as well as for research studying the linkages between the real economy and financial sectors. Originality/value In adding to the existing body of knowledge concerning economic globalization and financial market interdependence, this study evaluates the linkages between business cycles, stock market cycles and public real estate market cycles cross G7 and adds to the academic real estate literature. Because public real estate market is a subset of stock market, our approach is to use an original stock market index, as well as a “pure” stock market index (with the influence of real estate market removed) to offer additional empirical insights from two key complementary perspectives.

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