China-US driverless tech will transform urban transit

2016 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Public Transport ◽  
Autonomous Vehicles ◽  
Business Models ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
The United States ◽  
Harm Minimisation ◽  
Urban Transit ◽  
Content Type ◽  
On Demand ◽  
Transport Services

Significance China and the United States, the world's two largest car markets, are both pursuing leadership in developing autonomous vehicles and the much-touted transformation such transport will bring -- 'social mobility services'. Impacts Governments could save on road traffic infrastructure as a result of self-driving vehicles optimising existing road capacity. On-demand shared transport services will increasingly replace scheduled public transport. Multi-modal medium-distance on-demand public transport will develop, challenging the business models of airlines and railways. Harm-minimisation programming poses ethical and liability issues for driverless vehicle manufacturers, operators and owners.

Road Safety in Developing Countries - The Case of Transportation Management in Dar Es Salaam City

2012 ◽  
Vol 178-181 ◽  
pp. 1806-1814
Author(s):  
Philemon Kazimil Mzee ◽  
Yan Chen
Keyword(s):  
Public Transport ◽  
Traffic Control ◽  
Road Safety ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
High Growth ◽  
Dar Es Salaam ◽  
Rapid Urbanization ◽  
Policy Objective ◽  
Transportation Management ◽  
Transport Services

Countries of the developing world are characterized by rapid urbanization, high growth rates in traffic and congestion and decreasing regulation of public transport. Because the majority of the developing world's inhabitants are dependent on public transport services for their mobility needs, the need for safe, effective and efficient public transport is essential to ensure adequate, affordable, accessibility and the continuing sustainable development of livelihoods in the rural and urban. Finally, recommendations are made to reduce both the severity and number of public transport accidents in the future. This paper highlights the historical road safety and the transportation management in Dar es Salaam. In the field of road traffic control and management, the primary policy objective is to develop appropriate institutional and organizational arrangement towards further efficient road use.

Data governance is diverging across largest markets

2021 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Business Models ◽  
The United States ◽  
Social Value ◽  
Data Governance ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Technology Sector ◽  
Privacy Law ◽  
Data Framework ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Individual Human

Significance The UK survey captures a sentiment now common across many countries that while data-enabled business models, products and services have generated tremendous economic and social value, they have also created new risks for privacy and data monopolies. Three of the largest digital markets -- the United States, Europe and China -- are responding with new frameworks for personal and business data, their responses profoundly influenced by their context. Impacts Concerns about individual human rights will guide the EU’s future revisions to the GDPR. China’s data framework will prioritise national security and the Communist Party’s interests. A US federal privacy law would seek to balance the interests of its technology sector and of online consumers.

Biden backs rail revival with climate change link

2021 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Kansas City ◽  
Operating Costs ◽  
Rolling Stock ◽  
Urban Transit ◽  
Business Travel ◽  
Content Type ◽  
On Demand ◽  
Rail Industry ◽  
The Impact

Significance The rail industry is also stressing its green credentials as it seeks approval for a merger between Canadian Pacific and Kansas City Southern that would create the first company with a pan-North American freight line. Impacts The impact of COVID-19 on demand for long-range travel, especially business travel, remains uncertain. Much of Amtrak's rolling stock is at or near the end of its useful service life, pushing up operating costs. Rail and urban transit modernisation would support Biden's aim of creating more jobs in US manufacturing and infrastructure. Replacing highway-funding petrol taxes with vehicle usage fees would encourage freight to move from road to rail.

EU ePrivacy rules would alter digital business models

2018 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Business Models ◽  
Electronic Communication ◽  
The United States ◽  
Digital Economy ◽  
Single Market ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Agenda Setter ◽  
Digital Business Models ◽  
The Eu

Subject EU's ePrivacy proposal. Significance Austria, as president of the Council of the EU for the second half of 2018, has made finalising the Regulation on Privacy and Electronic Communication or ‘ePrivacy Regulation’ (EPR) for the European digital single market a core priority. Impacts Critics argue that the EPR will further undercut the EU’s attractiveness as a digital economy hub compared to the United States and Asia. Advocates counter that, as with the GDPR, the EPR will reinforce the EU’s status as the agenda-setter in regulating the digital economy. Privacy rules and security considerations may collide.

The effects of autonomous buses to vehicle scheduling system

2020 ◽  
Vol 02 (02) ◽  
pp. 19-23
Author(s):  
Viktor Nagy ◽  
Balázs Horváth
Keyword(s):  
Public Transport ◽  
Autonomous Vehicles ◽  
Basic Problem ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Economic Potential ◽  
Scheduling System ◽  
European Cities ◽  
Rest Time ◽  
The One

We are more and more close to the time when a higher number of autonomous vehicles are appearing in road traffic. The number of unanswered questions does not diminish but grow. One such issue is the role of autonomous vehicles in public transport. When talking about autonomous vehicles we often think of only cars and we think less about selfdriving buses. But the economic potential inherent in autonomous buses is huge. In the Hungarian vehicle and crew scheduling practice (and also in other countries) the one driver-one vehicle control is typical. This method closely links the vehicles and the drivers. Vehicles should therefore adapt to the rest time of the crew and the employment rules. Unused reserves are generated in the system. Autonomous vehicles can release this overcapacity. Thanks to that, fewer vehicles can carry out public transport tasks and we can save extra rides. It also provides a solution to the lack of drivers, which is a basic problem in many countries. In our study we show the reserves that can be recovered from the system in the case of three Hungarian cities (Eger, Dunaújváros, Győr). We show how much savings can be achieved by running autonomous buses in European cities with a population of 45 000, 54 000 and 130 000 inhabitants. The results are promising. In smaller cities we could achieve about 20% of economical savings but in bigger cities 40% is also realistic. Our statements are based on only rough calculations and they try to help in preparation for the future.

Soliton Technologies – financing growth in uncertain times

2012 ◽  
Vol 2 (6) ◽  
pp. 1-18
Author(s):  
Rajan A. Thillai
Keyword(s):  
Venture Capital ◽  
Learning Outcomes ◽  
Family Business ◽  
Private Equity ◽  
Business Models ◽  
Global Financial Crisis ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
The United States ◽  
Subject Area ◽  
Content Type

Subject area Venture capital and private equity. Study level/applicability This case is suitable for II MBA/Executive MBA (venture capital and private equity/entrepreneurship/business models/managing family business) courses. Case overview Soliton is a technology and software services company with operations in India and the USA providing machine vision products and virtual instrumentation services. Soliton was started by Ganesh Devaraj in 1998 after his return from the United States after higher studies. Ganesh hails from a business family in Coimbatore that had interests in the textile spinning sector. The family had been in the textile business since the early 1940s and had revenues of Rs 400 million and employed about 700 people. Ganesh, not wanting to continue in the traditional family business, ventured into the technology sector using his academic and professional experience. His family was supportive of his venture and funded his company for the first two years of operation and for scaling up operations. Ganesh is now evaluating various sources of raising additional capital at a time when there was general slowdown in the automobile sector as a result of the global financial crisis. Expected learning outcomes The goal of this case study is to illustrate the complexities that exist in financing growth of companies in uncertain times. This following are the expected learning outcomes: discuss and understand the nuances between different sources of early stage funding: personal wealth, family, and angels; compare and contrast the differences between family funding and venture funding; and highlight the benefits and limitations of family funding. Supplementary materials Teaching notes are available.

scholarly journals Joint optimisation of operation and maintenance policies in an urban ropeway transport systems context

2019 ◽  
Vol 36 (7) ◽  
pp. 1106-1136 ◽  
Author(s):  
R.M. Martinod ◽  
Olivier Bistorin ◽  
Leonel Castañeda ◽  
Nidhal Rezg
Keyword(s):  
Public Transport ◽  
Discrete Event ◽  
Transport Systems ◽  
Block Type ◽  
Maintenance Policy ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Transport Services ◽  
Optimisation Model ◽  
Maintenance Policies ◽  
Public Transport Services

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to propose a stochastic optimisation model for integrating service and maintenance policies in order to solve the queuing problem and the cost of maintenance activities for public transport services, with a particular focus on urban ropeway system. Design/methodology/approach The authors adopt the following approaches: a discrete-event model that uses a set of interrelated queues for the formulation of the service problem using a cost-based expression; and a maintenance model consisting of preventive and corrective maintenance actions, which considers two different maintenance policies (periodic block-type and age-based). Findings The work shows that neither periodic block-type maintenance nor an age-based maintenance is necessarily the best maintenance strategy over a long system lifecycle; the optimal strategy must consider both policies. Practical implications The maintenance policies are then evaluated for their impact on the service and operation of the transport system. The authors conclude by applying the proposed optimisation model using an example concerning ropeway systems. Originality/value This is the first study to simultaneously consider maintenance policy and operational policy in an urban aerial ropeway system, taking up the problem of queuing with particular attention to the unique requirements public transport services.

scholarly journals Financing public transport: a spatial model based on city size

2017 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 112-122
Author(s):  
Miguel Ruiz-Montañez
Keyword(s):  
Public Transport ◽  
Spatial Model ◽  
Metropolitan Areas ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Urban Transport ◽  
City Size ◽  
Transport Networks ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Transport Services ◽  
The City

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to investigate the relationships between public transport services and the financial needs. Cities require to be equipped with public transport networks as they are primarily responsible for creation of wealth for countries and to ensure sustainability of urbanization. Once decisions have been taken to design, build and operate such networks, it is equally important to set rules for urban transport financing. Depending on the city size and other factors, authorities allocate resources. Nonetheless, is there a relationship between the size of the city and its public transport financial needs? This paper develops a model to explain such relationships. Design/methodology/approach The study develops a spatial model, while providing intuition through the use of graphs, to solve the question of the amount of resources allocated for financing the transport services. Findings It is verified that those financial needs are more than proportional to the size of the city; when a city grows in its number of boroughs, economic funds needed to support public transport have to increase in a greater proportion in comparison to the growth of boroughs growth. The model states a formula valid for explaining the financial needs. Originality/value The model is interesting as it explains why large metropolitan areas need special financial aid from authorities. Real life shows that big cities like Paris, Berlin or Madrid need extraordinary funds for this purpose, and in most of the cases, specific national laws are required for financing public transport networks in these large metropolitan areas.

P-TRANSQUAL: a service quality model of public land transport services

2015 ◽  
Vol 32 (6) ◽  
pp. 534-558 ◽  
Author(s):  
I Gede Mahatma Yuda Bakti ◽  
Sik Sumaedi
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Service Quality ◽  
Public Transport ◽  
Survey Method ◽  
Public Land ◽  
Quality Model ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Transport Services ◽  
The Stability

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to test a model of service quality of public land transport services, especially paratransit services. Design/methodology/approach – This study used quantitative approach. Data were collected through a survey method using questionnaire. The respondents of the study are 880 passengers of paratransit services in Indonesia. Exploratory factor analysis and confirmatory factor analysis were performed in order to identify the dimensions of service quality and test the convergent and discriminant validity of the dimensions. Cronbach’s α analysis was carried out to test the reliability of the dimensions. In addition, criterion-based validity and the stability of the service quality model were also tested. Findings – A model of service quality of public land transport, namely P-TRANSQUAL, was tested. P-TRANSQUAL consists of four dimensions, which are comfort, tangible, personnel, and reliability. The model has been proven to have good validity, reliability, and stability for measuring service quality of paratransit services in Indonesia. Research limitations/implications – This research was carried out in a single developing country, namely Indonesia. Hence, the stability of the model needs to be tested in different cultures. Practical implications – Public transport managers can use P-TRANSQUAL to monitor, measure, and improve the service quality of the public transport they manage. Originality/value – This paper has tested a new model of service quality for public transport services, especially paratransit services.

scholarly journals Encouraging the Sustainable Adoption of Autonomous Vehicles for Public Transport in Belgium: Citizen Acceptance, Business Models, and Policy Aspects

2022 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 921
Author(s):  
Pol Camps-Aragó ◽  
Laura Temmerman ◽  
Wim Vanobberghen ◽  
Simon Delaere
Keyword(s):  
Public Transport ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Autonomous Vehicles ◽  
Business Models ◽  
Environmental Safety ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Policy Goals ◽  
Last Mile ◽  
Socio Demographic Factors

Several mobility-related issues persist in and around urban areas. Autonomous vehicles promise substantial environmental, safety, and economic benefits but may also cause unintended adverse effects that stem from single-passenger mobility becoming more affordable and accessible. While using them for public transport (i.e., autonomous shuttles) can help avoid such downsides, there are many challenges to their adoption, particularly ones that are related to citizen acceptance and economic aspects. Based on a novel survey of Brussels’ citizens, we provide insights from user opinions on last-mile autonomous shuttle services and analyze the effect of various attitudinal and socio-demographic factors affecting such acceptance. Our respondents exhibit an overall positive acceptance albeit with a limited willingness to pay for it. In addition, based on expert interviews, we provide a discussion on appropriate business models and policy recommendations to help ensure the timely adoption of AVs in Belgium that adapts to mobility needs and policy goals.

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