Russia has the edge in managed competition with Turkey

2021 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Active Role ◽  
The Other ◽  
Managed Competition ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Conflict Zone ◽  
The Us ◽  
External Power

Significance They have backed opposing sides in the Syrian and Libyan conflicts and pursued different objectives there and in Nagorno-Karabakh, in the hope that conflict trends would benefit either one or the other external power. Despite this, they have avoided direct confrontation through ad-hoc coordination. Impacts Connectivity between different theatres may grow: Turkish gains in one conflict zone will elicit Russian pressure in another. Instability could be mitigated if Western states played a more active role but this is an uncertain prospect. Moscow will leverage the US and more broadly Western absence from key flashpoints.

Guarding the Great Wall?—jurisprudential review of treaty interpretative tools in Chinese BIT-based arbitration cases

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shen Wei
Keyword(s):  
Dispute Settlement ◽  
Active Role ◽  
The Other ◽  
Policy Response ◽  
Appellate Body ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
The Us ◽  
Great Wall ◽  
The Eu

Abstract Inconsistency has been said to be one of the most severe shortcomings the existing investor–State dispute settlement (the ISDS) system possesses. Inconsistency, if not cured, is likely to affect the legitimacy of the ISDS. Partly in response to the claims of inconsistency and illegitimacy of the ISDS, the EU has proposed to have a permanent investment court to replace the ISDS while the US proposed to have an appellate body for the current ISDS along with a large camp of undecided states having no firm position on the ISDS reform. China, on the other hand, has not issued an official response to the concept of a permanent investment court, partially because of its less active role in the use of the existing ISDS. More recent years have witnessed China’s increasing involvement in ISDS cases. The purpose of this article is to review these China BIT-related ISDS cases, in particular, the awards on jurisdiction, and the tribunals’ varying techniques in interpreting the ISDS clauses in China’s BITs with a focus on the jurisprudential analyses of these cases and the tribunals’ treaty interpretive techniques. Not surprisingly, the interpretative tendency has been quite uniform. In brief, the tribunals have tended to be more expansive when they were called upon to determine the jurisdictional issues. Although this article is largely jurisprudential, a sense of the tribunals’ arbitral techniques may help shape some foundational underpinnings for China’s policy response to the proposals to reform the ISDS system made by the EU, the US, and others.

Grassroots inter-professional networks: the case of organizing care for older cancer patients

2016 ◽  
Vol 30 (6) ◽  
pp. 971-984 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fatou Farima Bagayogo ◽  
Annick Lepage ◽  
Jean-Louis Denis ◽  
Lise Lamothe ◽  
Liette Lapointe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Patient Care ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
The Other ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Professional Networks ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Professional Groups ◽  
Grass Root ◽  
Older Cancer Patients

Purpose The purpose of this paper of inter-professional networks is to analyze the evolution of relationships between professional groups enacting new forms of collaboration to address clinical imperatives. Design/methodology/approach This paper uses a case study based on semi-structured interviews with physicians and nurses, document analysis and informal discussions. Findings This study documents how two inter-professional networks were developed through professional agency. The findings show that the means by which networks are developed influence the form of collaboration therein. One of the networks developed from day-to-day, immediately relevant, exchange, for patient care. The other one developed from more formal and infrequent research and training exchanges that were seen as less decisive in facilitating patient care. The latter resulted in a loosely knit network based on a small number of ad hoc referrals while the other resulted in a tightly knit network based on frequent referrals and advice seeking. Practical implications Developing inter-professional networks likely require a sustained phase of interpersonal contacts characterized by persuasion, knowledge sharing, skill demonstration and trust building from less powerful professional groups to obtain buy-in from more powerful professional groups. The nature of the collaboration in any resulting network depends largely on the nature of these initial contacts. Originality/value The literature on inter-professional healthcare networks focusses on mandated networks such as NHS managed care networks. There is a lack of research on inter-professional networks that emerged from the bottom up at the initiative of healthcare professionals in response to clinical imperatives. This study looks at some forms of collaboration that these “grass-root” initiatives engender and how they are consolidated.

Ready for the unexpected: theoretical framework and empirical findings on communication consulting

2020 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Olaf Hoffjann ◽  
Karina Hoffstedde ◽  
Franziska Jaworek
Keyword(s):  
Active Role ◽  
Theoretical Framework ◽  
The Other ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Theoretical Concepts ◽  
Process Consulting ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
The One ◽  
First Time

PurposeAlthough the market for communication consultancies has been booming worldwide for many years now, there are still only a handful of theoretical concepts and empirical findings pertaining to communication consulting. This is the fundamental starting point for this paper, which sets out to answer the following research questions: What is the function of communication consulting? What are the differences between consultants' expectations of consulting and those of clients? How do consultants and clients deal with the contradiction between proximity and distance? What are the potential threats to the autonomy of consulting?Design/methodology/approachThe paper combines a theoretical framework of communication consulting with a survey of German communication consultants and clients.FindingsFirst, a theoretical framework is developed in which communication consulting is defined as follows: First, it opens up decision-related contingency and thus produces additional options for managing communicative relationships with internal and external target groups, before helping to close decision-related contingency. The results of the survey show that the expectations of clients and consultants for communication consulting are largely similar. In the closing dimension especially, most clients share the active role of self-conception of most consultants. On the other hand, in some opening activities, clients wish for more critical, independent and courageous consulting.Research limitations/implicationsThe scope of the empirical material is limited to communication consultants and clients in Germany and may therefore not be valid in other cultural contexts.Originality/valueThe paper closes a gap in both theory building and empirical research in communication consulting. The theory presented conceives of communication consulting as a hybrid of management consulting and process consulting and, in addition to the opening dimension, also takes the closing dimension of consulting into consideration for the first time. The study reveals a certain schizophrenia in clients: on the one hand, clients demand more critical consultants and thus call for more distance; on the other hand, clients prefer to be close to their consultants, particularly if they wish to work with them for the long-term.

Political uncertainty and the US market risk premium

2020 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard P. Gregory
Keyword(s):  
Risk Premium ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Market Risk ◽  
The Other ◽  
Political Uncertainty ◽  
Delayed Effect ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Market Risk Premium ◽  
The Us ◽  
Negative Effect

PurposeThe purpose of this study is to examine the bi-directional causality between political uncertainty and the market risk premium in the US.Design/methodology/approachI use a theoretical model to motivate signs and then check signs based on a vector autoregression.FindingsI find that political uncertainty has a small positive, delayed effect on the market risk premium. The market risk premium, on the other hand, has a large permanent, negative effect on political uncertainty.Originality/valueThis is the first research paper to consider the bi-directional effects of political uncertainty on the market risk premium and vice versa. It also finds interesting empirical results.

The learnability of the dimensional view of data and what to do with it

2019 ◽  
Vol 71 (1) ◽  
pp. 38-53
Author(s):  
Dušan Vujošević ◽  
Ivana Kovačević ◽  
Milena Vujošević-Janičić
Keyword(s):  
Structural Equation ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Affective Computing ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
The Other ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Business Analytics ◽  
Affective Reactions ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Practical Implications

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to examine the usability of the dimensional view of data in the context of its presumed learnability. Design/methodology/approach In total, 303 participants were asked to solve 12 analytical problems in an experiment using the dimensional view of data for half of the problems and an operational view of data for the other half. Inferential statistics and structural equation modeling were performed with participants’ objective results and affective reactions. Findings Showing that the order of exposure to the two views of data impacts the overall usability of ad hoc querying, the study provided evidence for the learnability potential of the dimensional view of data. Furthermore, the study showed that affective reactions to the different views of data follow objective usability parameters in a way that can be explained using models from affective computing research. Practical implications The paper proposes a list of guidelines for use of the dimensional view of data in business analytics. Originality/value This study is the first to confirm the learnability of the dimensional view of data and the first to take a deeper look at affective reactions to an ad hoc business analytics solution. Also, it is one of few studies that examined the usability of different views of data directly on these views, rather than using paper representations of data models.

On the asymmetries created by the Great Recession in the US real estate market

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Achille Dargaud Fofack ◽  
Serge Djoudji Temkeng ◽  
Clement Oppong
Keyword(s):  
Monetary Policy ◽  
Interest Rate ◽  
Real Estate ◽  
Great Recession ◽  
Real Estate Market ◽  
The Other ◽  
Quantitative Easing ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Great Recession ◽  
The Us

PurposeThis paper aims at analyzing the asymmetries created by the Great Recession in the US real estate sector.Design/methodology/approachThis paper uses a Markov-switching dynamic regression model in which parameters change when the housing market moves from one regime to the other.FindingsThe results show that the effect of real estate loans, interest rate, quantitative easing and working age population are asymmetric across bull and bear regimes. It is also found that the estimated parameters are larger in bull regime than bear regime, indicating a tendency to create house price bubbles in bull market.Practical implicationsSince three of those asymmetric variables (real estate loans, interest rate and quantitative easing) are related to monetary policy, the Fed can mitigate their impact on an interest-sensitive sector such as housing by engaging in a countercyclical monetary policy.Originality/valueThe estimated intercept and the variance parameter both vary from one regime to the other, thus justifying the use of a regime-dependent model.

Trump uncertainty impedes NATO's Afghan strategy

2017 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
The United States ◽  
The Other ◽  
Economic Decline ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Us Military ◽  
The Us

Subject NATO plans in Afghanistan. Significance The United States has nearly 7,000 troops in Afghanistan, spread across two separate but complementary missions. One is led by the US military and the other by NATO, but both are commanded by US General John W Nicholson. Uncertainty about US President Donald Trump’s policy looms over NATO’s plans for the country. Impacts Afghanistan’s economic decline will accelerate if US aid falls markedly. The Taliban have no incentive to talk peace at present. Direct Chinese security involvement in Afghanistan may deepen.

Standard Chartered Bank v. United Republic of Tanzania

ICSID Reports ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 19 ◽  
pp. 485-505
Keyword(s):  
Active Role ◽  
Case Law ◽  
The Other ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Ordinary Meaning ◽  
United Republic ◽  
United Republic Of Tanzania ◽  
Judicial Economy

485Jurisdiction — Dispute — Investment — Minority or indirect shareholding — Whether the dispute concerned an investment of a national or company of one party to the BIT in the territory of the other party — Whether the BIT required merely an ownership interest in an asset or required an association of belonging or contribution of valueInterpretation — Investment “of” a national or company — VCLT, Article 31 — Whether the ordinary meaning and context indicated a requirement of passive ownership or active investment — Whether the object and purpose of the BIT supported a requirement of the claimant taking on an active role of direction or controlInterpretation — Supplementary means of interpretation — VCLT, Article 32 — Whether provisions in other BITs confirmed or determined the meaning of the disputed treaty text — Whether case law confirmed or determined the meaning of the disputed treaty textEvidence — Direction or control — Whether any evidence had been adduced to show that the investment was made at the direction of the claimantProcedure — Judicial economy — ICSID Convention, Article 48(3) — Whether the tribunal dealt with every question submitted — Whether policy considerations weighed against gratuitous resolution of factually and legally complex questions

Posterior approach for cervical intramedullary arteriovenous malformation with diffuse-type nidus

1999 ◽  
Vol 91 (1) ◽  
pp. 105-111 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kenji Ohata ◽  
Toshihiro Takami ◽  
Alaa El-Naggar ◽  
Michiharu Morino ◽  
Akimasa Nishio ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Poor Prognosis ◽  
Posterior Approach ◽  
The Other ◽  
Anterior Spinal Artery ◽  
Neural Element ◽  
Feeding Artery ◽  
Diffuse Type ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Fine Print

✓ The treatment of spinal intramedullary arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) with a diffuse-type nidus that contains a neural element poses different challenges compared with a glomus-type nidus. The surgical elimination of such lesions involves the risk of spinal cord ischemia that results from coagulation of the feeding artery that, at the same time, supplies cord parenchyma. However, based on evaluation of the risks involved in performing embolization, together with the frequent occurrence of reperfusion, which necessitates frequent reembolization, the authors consider surgery to be a one-stage solution to a disease that otherwise has a very poor prognosis. Magnetic resonance (MR) imaging revealed diffuse-type intramedullary AVMs in the cervical spinal cords of three patients who subsequently underwent surgery via the posterior approach. The AVM was supplied by the anterior spinal artery in one case and by both the anterior and posterior spinal arteries in the other two cases. In all three cases, a posterior median myelotomy was performed up to the vicinity of the anterior median fissure that divided the spinal cord together with the nidus, and the feeding artery was coagulated and severed at its origin from the anterior spinal artery. In the two cases in which the posterior spinal artery fed the AVM, the feeding artery was coagulated on the dorsal surface of the spinal cord. Neurological outcome improved in one patient and deteriorated slightly to mildly in the other two patients. Postoperative angiography demonstrated complete disappearance of the AVM in all cases. Because of the extremely poor prognosis of patients with spinal intramedullary AVMs, this surgical technique for the treatment of diffuse-type AVMs provides acceptable operative outcome. Surgical intervention should be considered when managing a patient with a diffuse-type intramedullary AVM in the cervical spinal cord.

Epilogue

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
José van
Keyword(s):  
Paradigm Shift ◽  
Information Age ◽  
The Other ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Checks And Balances ◽  
The Us ◽  
Autocratic Regime ◽  
Digital Strategy ◽  
National Governments ◽  
State Interference

The epilogue sketches a few scenarios on potential geopolitical consequences of the global paradigm shift toward multiple online platform “spheres.” Currently, the neoliberal US-based platform ecosystem dominates. This ecosystem revolves around the promotion of individualism and minimal state interference, leaving checks and balances to the market. On the other end of the ideological spectrum is the Chinese ecosystem, in which the autocratic regime controls the platform ecosystem via regulated censorship of tech corporations. Squeezed between the US and the Chinese models is the European Union, whose member states neither own nor operate any major platforms in either ecosystem. For European democracies to survive in the information age, its cities, national governments, and supranational legislature need to collaborate on a blueprint for a common digital strategy toward markets and public sectors.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document