A pink, ovoid-shaped, Gram-stain-negative, strictly aerobic and motile bacterial strain, designated ROY-5-3T, was isolated from an oil production mixture from Yumen Oilfield in PR China. The strain grew at 4–42 °C (optimum, 30 °C), at pH 5–10 (optimum, 7) and with 0–5 % (w/v) NaCl (optimum, 0%). The results of phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences indicated that ROY-5-3T belongs to the genus
Roseomonas
and shared the highest pairwise similarities with
Roseomonas frigidaquae
CW67T (98.1%),
Roseomonas selenitidurans
BU-1T (97.8%),
Roseomonas tokyonensis
K-20T (97.7%) and
Roseomonas stagni
HS-69T (97.3%). The average nucleotide identity and digital DNA–DNA hybridization values between ROY-5-3T and other related type strains of
Roseomonas
species were less than 84.08 and 28.60 %, respectively, both below the species delineation threshold. Pan-genomic analysis showed that the novel isolate ROY-5-3T shared 3265 core gene families with the four closely related type strains in
Roseomonas
, and the number of strain-specific gene families was 513. The major fatty acids were identified as summed feature 8 (C18 : 1
ω6c/C18 : 1
ω7c), summed feature 3 (C16 : 1
ω6c/C16 : 1
ω7c) and C16 : 0. Strain ROY-5-3T contained Q-10 as the main ubiquinone and the genomic DNA G+C content was 69.8 mol%. The major polar lipids were diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylethanolamine and phosphatidylglycerol. Based on the phylogenetic, morphological, physiological, chemotaxonomic and genome analyses, strain ROY-5-3T represents a novel species of the genus
Roseomonas
for which the name Roseomonas oleicola sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is ROY-5-3T (=CGMCC 1.13459T =KCTC 82484T).
