Improvement in polyurethane coating performance through zinc aluminium phosphate pigment

2016 ◽  
Vol 45 (6) ◽  
pp. 419-425 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abolfazl Darvish ◽  
Reza Naderi ◽  
Mohammad Reza Mohammadzadeh Attar
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Second Generation ◽  
Electrochemical Impedance ◽  
Protective Coatings ◽  
Superior Performance ◽  
Aluminium Phosphate ◽  
Pigment Volume Concentration ◽  
Protective Function ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Protective Performance

Purpose This research aims to provide a comparative study of the effect of conventional zinc phosphate (ZP) and zinc aluminium phosphate (ZPA) representing second generation of phosphate-based anticorrosion pigments on the protective performance and physical mechanical properties of a solvent-borne polyurethane (PU) coating. Design/methodology/approach The two pigments were incorporated into the coating at optimum pigment volume concentration. To evaluate the protective performance, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) was used. The effect of modification of ZP on the physical–mechanical properties of the coatings was studied through dynamic mechanical thermal analysis. Moreover, Micro Vickers hardness and pull-off tests were used to evaluate the hydrolytic coating degradation. Findings EIS revealed the superior protective function of coatings incorporated with ZPA compared to those formulated with ZP. This behaviour might be attributed to the release of sufficient inhibiting species because of partial dissolving of the anticorrosive pigments when an electrolyte penetrates into the coating. In addition, the effectiveness of modification of ZP on the physical–mechanical properties of coatings was shown. Research limitations/implications As a classical replacement for the toxic chromates, ZP has been widely used in the formulation of protective coatings. However, undesirable inhibitive function of the pigment arising from its low solubility has made modification necessary. Because of the modified solubility, second generation of phosphate-based anticorrosion pigments has been reported to reveal superior performance. Originality/value According to the literature, no report can be found studying the effect of the second generation of phosphate-based anticorrosion pigments on the physical–mechanical properties of PU coatings. The main goal of this work is to study the correlation between physical–mechanical properties and anticorrosion performance of the PU coatings.

Corrosion characterization of Sn-Zn solder: a review

2019 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 52-67 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Firdaus Mohd Nazeri ◽  
Muhamad Zamri Yahaya ◽  
Ali Gursel ◽  
Fakhrozi Cheani ◽  
Mohamad Najmi Masri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Potentiodynamic Polarization ◽  
Electrochemical Impedance ◽  
Alloy System ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Corrosion Properties ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Characterization Techniques ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Potentiostatic Polarization

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to review and examine three of the most common corrosion characterization techniques specifically on Sn-Zn solders. The discussion will highlight the configurations and recent developments on each of the compiled characterization techniques of potentiodynamic polarization, potentiostatic polarization and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS).Design/methodology/approachThe approach will incorporate a literature review of previous works related to the experimental setups and common parameters.FindingsThe potentiostatic polarization, potentiodynamic polarization and EIS were found to provide crucial and vital information on the corrosion properties of Sn-Zn solders. Accordingly, this solder relies heavily on the amount of Zn available because of the inability to produce the intermetallic compound in between the elements. Further, the excellent mechanical properties and low melting temperature of the Sn-Zn solder is undeniable, however, the limitations regarding corrosion resistance present opportunities in furthering research in this field to identify improvements. This is to ensure that the corrosion performance can be aligned with the outstanding mechanical properties. The review also identified and summarized the advantages, recent trends and important findings in this field.Originality/valueThe unique challenges and future research directions regarding corrosion measurement in Sn-Zn solders were shown to highlight the rarely discussed risks and problems in the reliability of lead-free soldering. Many prior reviews have been undertaken of the Sn-Zn system, but limited studies have investigated the corrosive properties. Therefore, this review focuses on the corrosive characterizations of the Sn-Zn alloy system.

Corrosion behavior of in situ (TiC-TiB2)p/AZ91 magnesium matrix composites in Harrison solution

2014 ◽  
Vol 61 (5) ◽  
pp. 319-327 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohamed Gobara ◽  
Mohamed Shamekh
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Corrosion Behavior ◽  
Matrix Composite ◽  
Electrochemical Impedance ◽  
Magnesium Matrix Composite ◽  
Magnesium Matrix ◽  
Content Type ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Az91 Magnesium

Purpose – This paper aims to study both the mechanical properties and the corrosion behavior of the synthesized in situ (TiC-TiB2) particulates/AZ91 magnesium matrix composite and compare the results with that of the conventional AZ91D alloy. Design/methodology/approach – Scanning electron microscope (SEM) equipped with energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) were used to study the surface morphology and crystalline structure. Mechanical compression tests were used to investigate the mechanical performance according to ASTM E9-89a. The corrosion behavior of the synthesized magnesium alloy was examined using both electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and potentiodynamic polarization techniques in dilute Harrison solutions. Findings – The microstructure of the Mg composite showed a uniform distribution of reinforcing phases. Also, the reinforcing phases were formed without residual intermediate phases. The addition of titanium and boron carbides not only enhanced the mechanical properties of the matrix but also improve its corrosion behavior. Originality/value – This is the first time that magnesium matrix composite has been to synthesized with TiC and TiB2 particulates starting from starting from Ti and B carbides powder without adding aluminium using practical and low-cost technique (in situ reactive infiltration technique). This paper studies the corrosion behavior of synthesized Mg matrix in dilute Harrison solution and compares the results with that of conventional AZ91D.

The influence of binary pozzolanic replacements on the durability and corrosion performance of reinforced concrete

2020 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Essam Mossalam ◽  
Nivin M. Ahmed ◽  
Eglal M.R. Souaya ◽  
Basil El-Sabbagh
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Corrosion Resistance ◽  
Reinforced Concrete ◽  
Silica Fume ◽  
Corrosion Protection ◽  
Electrochemical Impedance ◽  
Industrial Wastes ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Concrete Properties ◽  
Durability Of Concrete

Purpose The purpose of this research is to study the physical and mechanical properties beside the durability of concrete as well as corrosion resistance of reinforced concrete by replacing Ordinary Portland cement (OPC) with different ratios of silica fume and meta-kaolin and applying two paint formulations to enhance corrosion resistance and mechanical properties. In this work, modified concrete mixes containing pozzolanic materials of industrial wastes such as silica fume (SF) with ratios ranging between (0, 10 and 15%) and calcined raw material such as meta-kaolin (MK) with ratios (0, 3, 5 and 10%), were introduced using water binder ratio (w/b) 0.45 to study their effect on the physico-mechanical properties and durability of concrete as well as corrosion protection performance of reinforced concrete. Two paint formulations containing the same ingredients except that one of them is free from talc (G1) and the other contains talc (G2) were applied on the rebars embedded in these modified mixes. Talc is known to offer high pH to the surrounding media. Design/methodology/approach Modified concrete mixes containing the coated reinforced concrete steel with the different paint formulations in presence and absence of talc were tested, and the corrosion behavior was studied using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) in 3.5% NaCl, and the concrete mixes were also tested through their compressive strength, chloride permeability, scanning electron microscope/energy dispersive X-ray analysis and bond strength. Findings The results revealed that the hardened reinforced concrete mix containing 10% SF with 5% MK with embedded rebars coated with G2 (paint containing talc) was the best concrete system which offers concrete sustainability besides high corrosion protection performance, i.e. presence of talc in the paints combined with the effect of cement blended with SF and MK showed positive effect on the reinforced concrete properties that leads to more durability and workability. Originality/value The integrity of using two efficient methods of corrosion protection beside the effect of the different replacements in concrete mixes containing coated reinforced concrete steel with paint formulations free from talc (G1) and others containing talc (G2), which lead to fatal changes in the pH of the surrounding media (i.e. concrete which has high alkaline pH) to achieve good concrete properties aside with convenient paint formulations together.

Corrosion protective performance of epoxy-amino branched polydimethylsiloxane hybrid coatings on carbon steel

2015 ◽  
Vol 62 (5) ◽  
pp. 334-340
Author(s):  
Rami Mohammad Suleiman
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Steel ◽  
Electrochemical Impedance ◽  
Protective Coatings ◽  
Steel Substrate ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Hybrid Coatings ◽  
Nacl Solution ◽  
Cerium Ammonium Nitrate ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Steel Panels

Purpose – The purpose of this paper was to prepare a hybrid organic/inorganic coating with interesting barrier properties against the corrosion of plain carbon steel sheets in 3.5 per cent NaCl solution. The search for replacing chromates in protective coatings has led to the development of hybrid sol-gel anticorrosive coatings. Appropriate functionalization can dramatically enhance the chemical durability and mechanical strength of these coatings. Design/methodology/approach – To prepare the targeted coating, 1,2-epoxybutane (EB) was mixed with 2 to 4 per cent aminoethylaminopropyl-methylsiloxane dimethylsiloxane (APDMS) copolymer and 1,6-diaminohexane. The above coating (EBAC) has been further mixed with three different corrosion inhibitors “Moly-white® 101-ED, Heucophos Zapp® and cerium ammonium nitrate”, yielding the coatings EBAC-M, EBAC-Z and EBAC-Ce, respectively. The corrosion characteristics of all coatings on the steel panels immersed in 3.5 per cent NaCl solution were obtained using different electrochemical methods such as electrochemical impedance spectroscopic and Tafel polarization measurements. Findings – The newly prepared coatings showed interesting protection properties for protecting the steel substrate against corrosion in chloride-containing media. Originality/value – The results provide a good approach for the modification of polydimethylsiloxane coatings using a simple organic modifier.

Preparation and properties of the anodized film on Fe-Cr-Al alloy surface

2020 ◽  
Vol 67 (4) ◽  
pp. 379-386
Author(s):  
Jialin Yang ◽  
Yunting Guo ◽  
Wei Zai ◽  
Siyuan Ma ◽  
Liang Dong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Ethylene Glycol ◽  
Anodic Oxidation ◽  
Current Density ◽  
Oxidation Process ◽  
Electrochemical Impedance ◽  
Oxidation Mechanism ◽  
Oxidation Time ◽  
Al Alloy ◽  
Content Type

Purpose This paper aims to find a way to improve the surface insulation, corrosion resistance and mechanical properties of Fe-Cr-Al electrothermal alloy, exploring the best oxidation condition and analyzing the oxidation mechanism. Design/methodology/approach Electrochemical workstation was used for anodic oxidation, and the effect of current density, ethylene glycol concentration and oxidation time on properties of the film were investigated by resistivity test, scanning electron microscope, electrochemical tests (potentiodynamic polarization and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy) and mechanical tests, and the oxidation process was analyzed by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). Findings According to the potential-time curves of anodic oxidation and the analysis of XPS, the whole oxidation process can be divided into four stages. When the current density is 0.8 A/dm2, the ethylene glycol concentration is 10%, and the oxidation time is 60 min, the film has the best corrosion protection, mechanical properties and surface morphology. The resistivity of the samples is about 13 orders magnitude than that of the matrix. Originality/value In this paper, a protective electrically insulating film was prepared by anodic oxidation in an alkaline electrolyte solution. The oxidation conditions were optimized and the oxidation mechanism was analyzed.

Corrosion protective performance of epoxy-amino branched polydimethylsiloxane hybrid coatings on carbon steel

2014 ◽  
Vol 61 (6) ◽  
pp. 423-430 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rami Mohammad Suleiman
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Steel ◽  
Electrochemical Impedance ◽  
Protective Coatings ◽  
Steel Substrate ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Hybrid Coatings ◽  
Nacl Solution ◽  
Cerium Ammonium Nitrate ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Steel Panels

Purpose – The purpose of this work was to prepare a hybrid organic/inorganic coating with interesting barrier properties against the corrosion of plain carbon steel sheets in 3.5 per cent NaCl solution. The search for replacing chromates in protective coatings has led to the development of hybrid sol-gel anticorrosive coatings. Appropriate functionalization can dramatically enhance the chemical durability and mechanical strength of these coatings. Design/methodology/approach – To prepare the targeted coating, 1,2-epoxybutane (EB) was mixed with 2-4 per cent aminoethylaminopropyl-methylsiloxane dimethylsiloxane copolymer and 1,6-diaminohexane. The above coating (EBAC) was further mixed with three different corrosion inhibitors “Moly-white® 101-ED, Hfucophos Zapp®” and Cerium Ammonium Nitrate, yielding the coatings (EBAC-M), (EBAC-Z) and (EABC-Ce), respectively. The corrosion characteristics of all coatings on carbon steel panels immersed in 3.5 per cent NaCl solution were obtained using different electrochemical methods such as electrochemical impedance spectroscopic and Tafel polarization measurements. Findings – The newly prepared coatings showed interesting properties for protecting the steel substrate against corrosion in chloride containing media. Originality/value – The results provide a good approach for the modification of polydimethylsiloxane coatings using a simple organic modifier.

Development of anti-corrosion coatings using the disposable waste material

2018 ◽  
Vol 47 (6) ◽  
pp. 478-484 ◽  
Author(s):  
Norshahirah Mohamad Saidi ◽  
Ammar Shafaamri Shafaamri ◽  
Iling Aema Wonnie Ma ◽  
Ramesh Kasi ◽  
Vengadaesvaran Balakrishnan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Corrosion Protection ◽  
Electrochemical Impedance ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Water Contact ◽  
Adhesion Properties ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Pet Bottles ◽  
Steel Panels

Purpose The purpose of this study is to develop anti-corrosion coating systems using disposable waste materials. The dissolved polyethylene terephthalate (PET) has been blended with epoxy resin and stoichiometrically cured with a polyamide resin. Design/methodology/approach Glycolysis process was found to be the most optimum candidate to dissolve PET. The developed coating systems were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy for confirmation of the molecular bonding structures. The mechanical properties were characterized by performing pull-off test and cross hatch test for mechanical properties on the coated panel. Also, the glossiness test was used by reflecting light on the coated surface. The corrosion protection performance of the coated mild steel panels was examined using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. Furthermore, the wettability of the developed coating systems was evaluated by using water contact angle technique. Findings It was observed that the coating system which contains 10 per cent of dissolved PET (S2) showed the highest adhesion and corrosion protection properties. Originality/value Recyclable PET bottles have outstanding chemical properties, adhesion properties, low cost, low permeability to gases and solvents making it suitable as a coating with superior barrier properties.

Preparation and characterisation of glass and cotton fibers reinforced epoxy hybrid composites

2019 ◽  
Vol 48 (4) ◽  
pp. 272-276
Author(s):  
Giridharan R. ◽  
Jenarthanan M.P.
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Epoxy Resin ◽  
Cotton Fiber ◽  
Natural Fiber ◽  
Hybrid Composites ◽  
Natural Fibers ◽  
Superior Performance ◽  
Cotton Fibers ◽  
Fiber Reinforced ◽  
Content Type

Purpose Natural fiber composites have been proven an alternative to conventional composites in many applications such as automotive and transportation industries owing to their eco-friendliness and abundant availability. Also, they are recyclable and biodegradable. Therefore, the need for composites having superior performance is increasing consistently, which has prompted the research reported in this paper. This paper aims to fabricate and evaluate the properties of hybrid composites using glass and cotton fiber with epoxy resin. Design/methodology/approach They were prepared by hand lay-up method, using e-glass and cotton fibers. Epoxy resin used in the preparation of composites. The composites were hybridized at two weight percentages (20 and 30 Wt.%). The prepared samples were tested to evaluate its properties, such as tensile strength, flexural strength, impact strength and scanning electron microscope . Findings Microscopic examination revealed the morphological features. Hybrid fiber reinforced epoxy composite (HFREC) exhibited better mechanical properties than the individual samples. It is clear that 30 Wt.% fraction of fiber is better in mechanical properties than 20 Wt.% fraction of fiber reinforcement in both glass fiber and cotton fiber as reinforcement. Also, the hybridization of fibers resulted in increase in properties. Research limitations/implications As cotton fibers are biodegradable, recyclable and lightweight, it has many applications and is mainly used as automotive components, aerospace parts, sporting goods and building industry when reinforced with glass and epoxy. With this scenario, the obtained results of cotton fiber reinforced composites are not ignorable, which could be of potential use, as it leads to better use of available natural fibers. Originality/value This work discovered the properties of e-glass and cotton fiber reinforced epoxy resin hybrid composites (hybridized at different weight percentages), which has not been attempted so far.

Influence of ageing treatment on microstructure, mechanical properties and adhesive wear behaviour of 6063 aluminium alloy

2014 ◽  
Vol 66 (4) ◽  
pp. 520-524 ◽  
Author(s):  
Serkan Büyükdoğan ◽  
Süleyman Gündüz ◽  
Mustafa Türkmen
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Wear Resistance ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Al Alloys ◽  
Wear Behaviour ◽  
Al Alloy ◽  
Strain Ageing ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Static Strain ◽  
Structural Applications

Purpose – The paper aims to provide new observations about static strain ageing in aluminium (Al) alloys which are widely used in structural applications. Design/methodology/approach – The present work aims to provide theoretical and practical information to industries or researchers who may be interested in the effect of static strain ageing on mechanical properties of Al alloys. The data are sorted into the following sections: introduction, materials and experimental procedure, results and discussion and conclusions. Findings – Tensile strength, proof strength (0.2 per cent) and percentage elongation measurement were used to investigate the effect of strain ageing on the mechanical properties. Wear tests were performed by sliding the pin specimens, which were prepared from as-received, solution heat-treated, deformed and undeformed specimens after ageing, on high-speed tool steel (64 HRC). It is concluded that the variations in ageing time improved the strength and wear resistance of the 6063 Al alloy; however, a plastically deformed solution-treated alloy has higher strength and wear resistance than undeformed specimens for different ageing times at 180°C. Practical implications – A very useful source of information for industries using or planning to produce Al alloys. Originality/value – This paper fulfils an identified resource need and offers practical help to the industries.

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