Capacity utilization in industrial sector: a structured review and implications for future research

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahipal Singh ◽  
Rajeev Rathi ◽  
Mahender Singh Kaswan
Keyword(s):  
Capacity Utilization ◽  
Industrial Sector ◽  
Estimation Methods ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Survey Method ◽  
Productivity Improvement ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Industry Level ◽  
Industrial Sectors ◽  
The World

Purpose This paper aims to uncover the significance of capacity, capacity utilization (CU) and its role in the quality and productivity improvement in an industrial environment. Besides, the current study is also aiming to explore the various ways to estimate CU and its status across the world. Design/methodology/approach In the present study, a comprehensive literature review on capacity and CU is carried out to expose the research direction in the field of CU. This work is primarily focused on capacity, CU and their estimation methods based on the research in various industries of different countries and current status in present scenario across the world. Findings The literature reveals that CU estimation is carried out by some government/central agencies at the national or sector level rather than the industry level in most of the productive nations. As far as industrial growth is concerned, capacity management should be carried out at a particular industry level so that engineering managers can be able to find out loopholes for huge capacity waste within the plant. It is observed that CU in the industrial sectors mainly computed by time series method, survey method, economic approach and engineering approach worldwide. Research limitations/implications This paper tries to cover almost all research work in the field of CU in various industrial sectors. However, the organizations which are producing the product with limited demand may get benefit inadequately. Practical implications This paper provides a vision to management toward productivity improvement through optimal utilization of available resources. As in most organizations, CU issues are much neglected areas. Originality/value This paper provides valuable insights on capacity and CU in the industrial sector across the world. Besides, it focused on comprehensive literature of capacity and various methods to estimate CU in industrial sectors.

Stat Nano Applied and Industrial Series (SNAIS)

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saba Sharafodinzadeh ◽  
Amirmahmoud Bakhshayesh
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Analysis ◽  
Present Report ◽  
Industrial Sector ◽  
Consumer Products ◽  
Global Markets ◽  
Online Data ◽  
Searchable Database ◽  
Industrial Sectors ◽  
The World ◽  
Nanotechnology Development

The present report is devoted to provide a detailed quantitative and qualitative analysis of the applications of nanotechnology in the textile industrial sector, as a considerable area in which incremental nanotechnology keeps up with growing consumer demands. Except as otherwise specifically referred, the information, analyses, and characterizations available in this publication are produced according to the desk analysis of data recorded in Nanotechnology Products Database (NPD) by Jan 2017. This program commissions by Statnano to build up a searchable database of nanotechnology consumer products available in global markets. As an online data and analysis repository giving users an inventory of consumer products information in distinct industrial sectors in general and the textile industrial sector in particular, NPD monitors, collects, processes, and disseminates information about nanotechnology development and policies in different countries all over the world.

The impacts of China’s FDI on employment in Thailand’s industrial sector

2016 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 60-84 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mathavee Keorite ◽  
Mohamed Moubarak
Keyword(s):  
Time Series Data ◽  
Driving Forces ◽  
Dominant Role ◽  
Government Expenditure ◽  
Impulse Response Function ◽  
Industrial Sector ◽  
Series Data ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Reduction Potentials ◽  
Industrial Sectors

Purpose – This study aims to analyze the effect of inward foreign direct investment (FDI) on new job creation. This study pays attention to factors interrelated to China’s FDI by using the case of Thailand. Design/methodology/approach – Using time series data from 2001 to 2014, this paper explores the driving forces and reduction potentials of employment in Thailand’s industrial sector with consideration for dynamic changes within the vector autoregression model. Findings – The results show that government expenditure plays a dominant role in increasing employment in Thailand’s industrial sector and exports plays a dominant role in decreasing employment in Thailand’s industrial sector. All variables are co-integrated and the analysis of the impulse–response function also turns out to be synchronous. Furthermore, in the short term, exports are more critical than China’s FDI in industrial sectors in reduction potentials of employment in Thailand’s industrial. Practical/implications – Policies should be devised to increase skilled labour and improve the equality of infrastructure in the country to attract more FDI into the economy and for quick adjustment purposes in case of shock to the system. Originality/value – The paper uncovers some important factors influencing employment in Thailand’s industrial sector under study and provides a guide-map for policymakers.

Analysis and management of risks associated with outsourcing in China

2016 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 218-242 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jalal El Fadil ◽  
Josée St-Pierre
Keyword(s):  
Industrial Sector ◽  
Negative Influence ◽  
Emerging Countries ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Case Study Methodology ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Industrial Sectors ◽  
Labour Costs ◽  
Personal Bias ◽  
The Right

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to analyse the risks associated with outsourcing production to emerging countries with lower labour costs, namely China, and study actions and plans used to reduce the influence of factors/drivers that induce these risks. Design/methodology/approach This research uses a multiple case-study methodology, involving seven Canadian manufacturing firms that have chosen an outsourcing strategy in China. It is based on a particular approach of classifying factors/drivers that may generate risks related to this strategy and on interviews with two managers per firm to reduce personal bias. Findings In each of the seven cases studied, outsourcing was chosen to take advantage of lower labour costs in China, but in reality, costs were higher than expected due to unforeseen factors inherent to the risks involved. This study reveals that risks generated by factors/drivers such as lack of experience, reduced control over foreign operations and cultural differences are of major concern for managers outsourcing part of their production to China. However, according to some executives that were interviewed, certain actions can be taken by firms to overcome the negative influence of these factors/drivers. Furthermore, some risks may have multiple causes or be induced by other risks. Research limitations/implications The sample of this study was composed of firms from different industrial sectors, and the authors were therefore unable to analyse sector-specific risks. As the industrial sector has an impact on the technical complexity of the products and their components, it would be appropriate to reconduct our research using samples drawn from similar sectors. Practical implications These findings can help guide the decisions of managers wishing to outsource some of their activities to China and other emerging countries. They will contribute to the success of outsourcing strategies to these countries, as they reveal the risks associated with these strategies and the ways to deal with factors/drivers that can induce them. For example, building long-term relationships with Chinese partners based on collaboration, trust and mutual benefit as well as conducting a rigorous prospecting phase and taking time to select the right subcontractor can have a major impact on reducing risks. Originality/value The main contribution of this work is the analysis of risks associated with outsourcing to China, based on a categorisation of factors/drivers that can generate these risks, and the study of how firms manage these factors/drivers and control their negative effects. The nature of the practices and actions used to manage important risks depends on the characteristics of the companies, their size, resources and the products they outsource.

scholarly journals Technological intensity and innovation capability in industrial firms

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 189-207 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paulo Antônio Zawislak ◽  
Edi Madalena Fracasso ◽  
Jorge Tello-Gamarra
Keyword(s):  
Design Methodology ◽  
Industrial Sector ◽  
Exploratory Research ◽  
Innovation Capability ◽  
Industrial Firms ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Industrial Sectors ◽  
Potential Association ◽  
Technological Intensity ◽  
Over Time

Purpose Over time, technological intensity has been used as a proxy for innovation capability of firms in an industrial sector. However, not only firms belonging to the stratum of high technological intensity are able to innovate. Therefore, this study aims to explore a potential association between technological intensity and innovation capability in firms from different industrial sectors, using the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD)’s classification and the components of innovation capability proposed by Zawislak et al. (2012, 2013). Design/methodology/approach The authors conducted an exploratory research with four case studies focusing on the innovation capability of Brazilian firms. Findings The results show that the four firms, each belonging to one stratum of technological intensity, have innovation capability, and the differences regarding this feature can be explained by the balance and development of all firms’ capabilities (technological, operational, managerial and transactional). Originality/value In the literature, studies that relate technological intensity and innovation capability are scarce. Therefore, the originality of this research is to relate these two concepts. The most important is that firms can be innovative regardless of their stratum of technological intensity, which shows the importance of other capabilities to ensure the innovation’s success.

Application Status and Market Analysis of Non-Aero Titanium in China

2012 ◽  
Vol 520 ◽  
pp. 8-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lin Zhang ◽  
Xiang Dong Wang ◽  
Xuan Hui Qu
Keyword(s):  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Market Analysis ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Industry Chain ◽  
Existing Problems ◽  
Industrial Sectors ◽  
The World ◽  
Titanium Industry ◽  
Technological Improvements ◽  
Mineral Reserves

China is abundant in titanium mineral reserves, with ~870 million tons identified to date. After more than 50 years of development, China has established its own complete titanium industry chain and become one of the three largest titanium producers and consumers in the world. This article presents an overview of China’s titanium industry from the aspects of production capability, output, consumption and market profiles. The current status of non-aero titanium in China is highlighted because about 90% of the titanium consumption is China is for non-aero industrial applications. The consumption of titanium in various industrial sectors and the main technological improvements are introduced. Meanwhile, the application prospects, national policies and existing problems of China’s titanium industry are discussed. With its fast and sustained economic growth, an unprecedented opportunity exists for China's non-aero titanium industry.

Assessment of knowledge economy

2015 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-55
Author(s):  
Parisa Alizadeh ◽  
Reza Salami
Keyword(s):  
Developing Economies ◽  
Science And Technology ◽  
Innovation System ◽  
Economic Incentives ◽  
Information And Communications Technology ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Research Approach ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Secondary Sources ◽  
The World

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to describe the current status of the knowledge-based economy (KBE) in Iran in comparison to Turkey, the challenges encountered and the appropriate policies toward Iran’s Outlook 2025 based on which the country is expected to be ranked first in science and technology within the Middle East region. Design/methodology/approach – This study is a descriptive research. The methodology used for this study is qualitative/quantitative secondary research. The method will be used for two main goals. First, we used the World Bank’s Knowledge Assessment Methodology, and the data are mostly collected from secondary sources such as the World Bank’s Development Indicators for Iran and Turkey. Second, desktop research will be used to summarize and synthesize available studies on the consideration of policy-making toward KBE, especially among developing economies. Findings – The paper provides policy considerations around four pillars: information and communications technology (ICT), innovation system, education and human resources development and economic incentives and institutional regime. It suggests that regarding ICT indicators, Iran has to join international programs to attract senior public authorities’ involvement and accountability. Regarding its innovation system, lessons for policymakers are implementing development plans and coordinating science and technology policies in the country. Moreover, the quality of education, in-company training, post-secondary technical education and scientific and technological workforce need to be improved. Finally, considering the weak macroeconomic circumstances, legislative measures are needed in addition to, establishing a promotion agency for foreign direct investment to coordinate the inflow and to grant incentives for attracting more investment. Research limitations/implications – Because of the chosen research approach, the research results have not been confirmed by an experts group. Therefore, using some group decision-making methods, such as panel of experts, could be proposed to further test the findings. Practical implications – The paper includes implications for public policymakers, especially in developing countries, and for moving toward a KBE. Originality/value – This paper fulfills an identified need to learn from similar countries experiences in policymaking about the same problem.

Service productivity in different industries – an empirical investigation

2015 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 238-253 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephan Klingner ◽  
Stephanie Pravemann ◽  
Michael Becker
Keyword(s):  
Detailed Comparison ◽  
Industrial Sector ◽  
Economic Importance ◽  
Service Industries ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Sampling Frame ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Service Companies ◽  
Service Productivity ◽  
Productivity Management

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to quantitatively evaluate of the current status of productivity management of industrial and non-industrial service companies in Germany. Based on that knowledge, best practices and needs regarding tools and methods can be identified. Design/methodology/approach – In two qualitative pre-studies the theoretical foundation of service productivity was built. Using this knowledge, a quantitative empirical survey was conducted, including almost 2000 service companies. The sampling frame was based on a company database provided by Hoppenstedt. Samples were randomly selected using proportionate stratified sampling. Findings – The findings show the economic importance and meaningfulness of service productivity management, independently from the industry. Research limitations/implications – Due to the chosen population, the findings are limited to Germany. Furthermore, a more detailed comparison of service industries beyond industrial and non-industrial services was not feasible. Practical implications – The data contained evidence that companies conducing productivity management are more successful than those who are not. This underlines the economic importance service productivity management. Originality/value – The paper provides reliable, quantitative insights of the current status, demands, and benefits of service productivity management in the industrial as well as non-industrial sector.

scholarly journals An empirical study on company’s perception of integrated reporting in India

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nandita Mishra ◽  
Mohamed Nurullah ◽  
Adel Sarea
Keyword(s):  
Industrial Sector ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Integrated Reporting ◽  
Case Study Methodology ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Dimensionality Reduction Technique ◽  
The Status ◽  
Study Methodology ◽  
International Integrated Reporting Council

Purpose International Integrated Reporting Council is in its 10th year of establishment and the integrated reporting (IR) framework released in 2013 was under revision in the year, 2020. Despite some significant developments in the past 10 years, the authors know very little about the perception of preparers towards IR. This paper aims to study the perception of the preparers and to understand the current status of the adoption of IR in India. Design/methodology/approach The top 500 companies from ET 500 list have been analysed. Banks and financial institutions (a total of 69) have been excluded for the study. Out of 431 companies, the status of IR has been checked by the questionnaire-based survey. Principle component analysis, a dimensionality reduction technique was performed on the responses to understand the important components impacting the perception of companies. Also, a case study methodology has been adopted to compare and analyse the IR trends in the manufacturing and industrial sector. Findings The result shows that the majority of companies have a positive opinion about IR and the three major components impacting their perception are – concise reporting, effective and transparent reporting and finally, better decision-making. Practical implications The result of this study will be useful for the policymakers, regulators, companies who have or will adopt IR. Paper gives a relevant view to academicians for assessing the effectiveness and perception of IR. Originality/value Very few studies can be found in India which focusses on analysing the perception of preparers towards the IR. Specially after the circular of SEBI in 2017, it becomes even more important to analyse the insight and awareness of the companies who have adopted IR. The paper is a timely and relevant contribution to the literature by providing insight over the opinion of preparers in India.

The Sounds of Intent project: modelling musical development in children with learning difficulties

2015 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 179-194 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adam Ockelford
Keyword(s):  
Young People ◽  
Learning Difficulties ◽  
Great Majority ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Children And Young People ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Musical Development ◽  
Online Resource ◽  
The World ◽  
Theoretical Thinking

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to set out the current status of the Sounds of Intent project, and explains some of the theoretical thinking that has underpinned its development over a period of 12 years. Sounds of Intent maps the musical development of children and young people with learning difficulties. It currently exists as an online resource that offers practitioners a framework for assessment (with an online recording tool), information and downloadable resources. Design/methodology/approach – The approach to the development of Sounds of Intent has been through two main phases: first, exploratory, qualitative analysis was used to inform the development of a model setting out how musical abilities and engagement are thought to develop in children and young people with learning difficulties; and second, the framework’s efficacy has been evaluated through gathering data from a number of practitioners in the field that has been analysed principally through quantitative means. Findings – The principal findings of the Sounds of Intent project to date are that virtually all children (with the exception of those who are incapable of processing sound or vibration at all) are able to engage with music, whether reactively, proactively or interactively. The great majority have potential for musical development that can be realised over time, given an appropriately rich and engaging environment. Originality/value – Sounds of Intent is the first research project in the world to focus on the musical development of children and young people with learning difficulties, and makes the first attempt to set out how this may occur. Since its public launch in 2012, the Sounds of Intent web site has had over 4,000,000 unique hits, with over 500,000 downloads of resources, from people all over the world.

A worldwide analysis of ISO 9000 standard diffusion

2006 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 523-541 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Franceschini ◽  
M. Galetto ◽  
P. Cecconi
Keyword(s):  
Prediction Model ◽  
Far East ◽  
Iso 9000 ◽  
Industrial Sector ◽  
Iso 14001 ◽  
Total Quality ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
The World ◽  
Over Time

PurposeTo provide a cross‐section of International Standardization Organization (ISO) 9000 quality certification diffusion over time and its impact on industrial systems.Design/methodology/approachThe starting point of the analysis is “The ISO survey of ISO 9000 and ISO 14001 certificates” document. Available data concur to trace a synthesis of what has happened and what is in process all over the world. Five main aspects are discussed: the correspondence between ISO 9000 standards and total quality management strategy; the effects of ISO 9000 certification on business performance; the ISO 9000 certificates diffusion in the world; the comparison between economical and entrepreneurial structure of different countries and certificates diffusion; the proposal of a prediction model for the diffusion of ISO 9000 certificates.FindingsThe evolution curve of the number of certificates over time in each country presents a “saturation effect.” This behavior has been analyzed by a diffusion forecasting model. The analysis of regional share certificates evolution evidences a sensible increase of Far East countries. The analysis of ISO 9000 certificates' share by industrial sector highlights a growth for the most sectors; only a few of them show a negative trend in last two years. A relationship between ISO 9000 certificates and socio‐economic indicators of a country (human development index, gross national product) has been individuated.Practical implicationsThe stunning growth of ISO 9000 certifications all over the world confirms a strong polarization of enterprises' interest in this practice. Looking at the empirical data, some questions come out about the future. Will the certification market go on? Will certified enterprises continue to be interested to the certification process?Originality/valueThis paper analyzes the worldwide evolution of ISO 9000 certification and suggests a new prediction model for the diffusion of ISO 9000 certificates.

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