Determination of Saccade Latency Distributions using Video Recordings from Consumer-grade Devices

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gladynel Saavedra-Pena ◽  
Hsin-Yu Lai ◽  
Vivienne Sze ◽  
Thomas Heldt
Keyword(s):  
Saccade Latency ◽  
Video Recordings ◽  
Latency Distributions

Experimental Determination of Water Motions Inside a Moonpool

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bastien Abeil
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Determination ◽  
Transfer Functions ◽  
Side Wall ◽  
Model Tests ◽  
Irregular Waves ◽  
Video Recordings ◽  
Non Linear ◽  
Relative Water ◽  
Water Elevation

Model tests of a drillship with a rectangular moonpool opening were conducted in regular and irregular waves from the bow and bow-quarter. Most tests were conducted at zero speed, the rest was performed with the model towed to a speed of 10 kn. From the video-recordings and transfer functions of the measured relative water elevation inside the moonpool, the typical piston and first sloshing modes are well captured, for wave frequencies that agree relatively well with relevant formulations. A few tests conducted at varying wave amplitudes show that the water elevation is non-linear by nature, while repeat tests conducted with the moonpool fitted with two layers of side wall flanges shows that these can reduce the water motions by nearly 40 %.

New ways of measuring intake, efficiency and behaviour of grazing livestock

2014 ◽  
Vol 54 (10) ◽  
pp. 1796 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul L. Greenwood ◽  
Philip Valencia ◽  
Leslie Overs ◽  
David R. Paull ◽  
Ian W. Purvis
Keyword(s):  
Feed Efficiency ◽  
Genetic Parameter ◽  
Livestock Management ◽  
Benchmark Data ◽  
Video Recordings ◽  
Research Platform ◽  
Novel Method ◽  
High Degree ◽  
Grazing Livestock

Wireless sensor networks (WSN) offer a novel method for measuring important livestock phenotypes in commercial grazing environments. This information can then be used to inform genetic parameter estimation and improve precision livestock management. Arguably, these technologies are well suited for such tasks due to their small, non-intrusive form, which does not constrain the animals from expressing the genetic drivers for traits of interest. There are many technical challenges to be met in developing WSN technologies that can function on animals in commercial grazing environments. This paper discusses the challenges of the software development required for the collection of data from multiple types of sensors, the management and analyses of the very large volumes of data, determination of which sensing modalities are sufficient and/or necessary, and the management of the constrained power source. Assuming such challenges can be met however, validation of the sensor accuracy against benchmark data for specific traits must be performed before such a sensor can be confidently adopted. To achieve this, a pasture intake research platform is being established to provide detailed estimates of pasture intake by individual animals through chemical markers and biomass disappearance, augmented with highly annotated video recordings of animal behaviours. This provides a benchmark against which any novel sensor can be validated, with a high degree of flexibility to allow experiments to be designed and conducted under continually differing environmental conditions. This paper also discusses issues underlying the need for new and novel phenotyping methods and in the establishment of the WSN and pasture intake research platforms to enable prediction of feed intake and feed efficiency of individual grazing animals.

Determination of range enrichment for improved hen welfare on commercial fixed-range free-range layer farms

2019 ◽  
Vol 59 (7) ◽  
pp. 1336 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carolyn de Koning ◽  
Soressa M. Kitessa ◽  
Reza Barekatain ◽  
Kelly Drake
Keyword(s):  
Observational Study ◽  
South Australia ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Control Range ◽  
Free Range ◽  
Video Recordings ◽  
Tree Coverage ◽  
Range Free

An observational study on range enrichment was conducted on three commercial fixed-range, free-range layer farms comprising four flocks in South Australia (flock sizes ranged from 3000 to 11700 hens). Two strategies were compared; a ‘standard’ Control treatment, typical of the type of range used in the commercial industry and a highly ‘enriched’ treatment. Both treatments were implemented on the same range with no subdivisional fences. The highly enriched side of the range incorporated shade shelters, alongside a continuum of additional enrichment structures (e.g. dust baths, peck objects and hay bales). Range treatments were investigated to determine the effects on motivating hens to use the range more effectively, and their potential to lead to a decrease in abnormal behaviours, such as injurious feather pecking and cannibalism. Additionally, two farms with high levels of tree coverage were also observed. Farms were visited monthly for 6 months. At each visit several measures were recorded live: the numbers of hens out on the range, location of hens on the range and plumage score of birds outdoors and indoors. Enrichment structure utilisation on the range was measured via video recordings and continuous counts of the number of hen visits to enrichment structures within 1 h. It was found that more hens used the ‘enriched’ side of the range, in comparison with the ‘standard’ Control range treatment (P ≤ 0.01). Overhead cover provided by constructed shelters and dust bathing pits were instrumental in enticing birds out onto the range (306 ± 27 s.e.m. and 366 ± 24 s.e.m., average number hen visits). Hay bales were also highly utilised (116 ± 14 s.e.m., average number hen visits), even though the hen numbers attracted to the hay bales were not as high as shelters and dust baths. It was also observed on one property that natural cover provided by trees attracted the greatest number of hens (1652 ± 358 s.e.m., average number of hen visits). Prevailing weather conditions and the age of the flock strongly influenced the number of hens utilising the range outdoors. Furthermore, hens outside on the range had better plumage scores with lower feather loss and decreased areas of bare skin compared with birds scored in the shed.

scholarly journals Pragmatic and stylistic peculiarities of electoral discourse (based on the material of presidential TV debates)

2020 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Self Presentation ◽  
Communicative Intention ◽  
Video Recordings ◽  
Self Image ◽  
Communicative Strategies ◽  
Speech Interaction ◽  
Qualitative Similarity ◽  
Functional Features ◽  
The Given

Recently, studies of various types of discourse have been carried out in the context of their actualization in a situation of speech interaction considering cognitive and communicative factors, therefore this work is focused on the analysis of the functional features of electoral discourse. In modern linguistic works, electoral discourse is defined as an interactive speech and mental activity, limited by the institutional framework of the political sphere and controlled by a global communicative intention – influencing voters to retain power through self-presentation and creating their own positive image, as well as discrediting the opponent’s image. Among the problems that were considered by researchers in the analysis of electoral discourse are its constitutive features, communicative orientation, issues of genre diversity, determination of communicative strategies and tactics etc. However, the problem of the pragmatic and stylistic specifics of this type of discourse has not yet received fundamental coverage in the relevant works, which justifies the urgency of the given study. The material for the analysis was 1578 contextological fragments of video recordings of the presidential election debates between D. Trump and H. Clinton and D. Trump and J. Biden. As a result of the study, it was found that speakers use various stylistic means to achieve a certain pragmatic goal – self-presentation or discrediting an opponent. Among the most common means of creating a positive self-image are positively colored vocabulary, epithets, parallel constructions and repetitions. The most frequent stylistic means of implementing the strategy of discrediting the opponent are negatively colored vocabulary, epithets, parallel constructions, repetitions and metaphors. In this regard, we can state a qualitative similarity in the means of implementing both strategies; while quantitative data allow us to assert that a greater number of stylistic means are used to discredit the opponent, which creates a special expressiveness of such speech.

TATA RITUAL DALAM PROSESI ADAT BUBAK KAWAH DI KECAMATAN GUDO KABUPATEN JOMBANG

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhibatul Imamah
Keyword(s):  
Data Collection ◽  
Qualitative Approach ◽  
Communication Tool ◽  
Human Communication ◽  
Video Recordings ◽  
Data Source

Language shows that the existence of language and society cannot be separated. Language is also said to be a human communication tool used when voicing information in the form of intentions and thoughts and feelings directly. Like the language and meaning contained in the Ritual Ceremony in the Bubak Kawah Traditional Procession in Gudo, Jombang Regency. The language used in the ceremony is Javanese, each of which has its own meaning. Research at the Bubak Kawah traditional ceremony uses a qualitative approach and is also crossed with a Semiotic Study. The Semiotic study in this research is one which semiotic itself is divided from signs, symbols and meanings. In the procession of Bubak Kawah traditional ritual, which is led by the Bubak Dukon, it uses Javanese language and contains its own prayers and meanings for its followers. The ritual arrangement at the ceremony is held on the morning before noon 05, December 2019 in which all processions will be guided by the shaman bubak and will be followed by the empun hajat. As for the ritual arrangements at the Bubak Kawah traditional ceremony, this was only performed by the empun hajat who was the first to his first daughter. The data source obtained from the researcher is a case of video and data transcripts containing the procession during the Bubak Kawah traditional ritual. Data collection techniques carried out by researchers in the form of video recordings, transcripts and interviews. Data collection procedures performed by researchers include the determination of objects, data collection by audi-visula and data transcript.

scholarly journals Peculiarities of technical and tactical actions of female volleyball players of different playing roles of VK “Muroy”

2020 ◽  
pp. 86-93
Author(s):  
E. Strikalenko ◽  
O. Shalar ◽  
R. Andrieieva ◽  
I. Zhosan
Keyword(s):  
Training System ◽  
Video Recordings ◽  
Competitive Activity ◽  
Volleyball Players ◽  
High Level ◽  
Age Range ◽  
Women's Volleyball

The aim is to study the peculiarities of technical and tactical actions of volleyball players of various playing roles of the VK "Murov" team. Material and Methods: The study involved 14 players of various playing roles, playing in the women's volleyball team "Murov" (Azerbaijan). All volleyball players have a high level of fitness and have participated in competitions of various levels. The age range of female volleyball players ranges from 18 years old (libero) to 28 years old (binder). The most experienced in the team are the tie players (26 years old) and the least the libero (19 years old). Study duration: December 2019 February 2020. In the course of the study, the following methods were used: analysis of video recordings of the games of the women's volleyball team "Murov", which were recorded during the Azerbaijan championship competitions of the 2019-2020 season; methods for assessing technical and tactical actions during competitive activity; methods of mathematical statistics. Results. It has been experimentally proved that the level of technical and tactical readiness of high-class volleyball players significantly differs depending on the playing role. The largest number of attacking strikes falls on the diagonal players (20-25 strikes per game), and the efficiency of their execution is better for the central blockers (60-75%). Identical data were obtained when comparing the quantity and quality of blocking actions. The center blockers make 17 blocks on average, and the diagonal ones make 15 blocks. A significant advantage in receiving the ball is observed in the libero (from 37 to 40 receptions per game). The effectiveness and number of feeds depends on the complexity of their implementation. The largest total number of TTDs (about 78 actions) and the number of transfers from above (about 50 transfers) falls on the main conductor of the team  of the connecting player. Conclusions: the role of universal training of female volleyball players is more and more important, and the determination of the features of competitive activity and the development of the necessary arsenal of technical and tactical actions of players of all playing roles is the leading direction in modern volleyball. However, the question of improving the training system in volleyball and the problem of early selection of female volleyball players, as well as the universalization of their TTD to perform the most useful functions during the game, remains unresolved. All the above is a prospect for further research.

scholarly journals The Spatial Scale of Attention Strongly Modulates Saccade Latencies

2008 ◽  
Vol 99 (4) ◽  
pp. 1743-1757 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark R. Harwood ◽  
Laurent Madelain ◽  
Richard J. Krauzlis ◽  
Josh Wallman
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Scale ◽  
Reaction Times ◽  
Motor Preparation ◽  
Saccade Latency ◽  
Retinal Eccentricity ◽  
Target Movement ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Latency Distributions

We have previously shown that when a stimulus consisting of two concentric rings moves, saccade latencies are much longer (by 150 ms) when attention is directed to the larger ring than to the smaller ring. Here, we investigated whether this effect can be explained by a deferral of the “cost” of making a saccade while the target remains inside the attentional field, or by purely visual factors (eccentricity or contrast). We found 1) latencies were shorter when attention was directed to small features irrespective of retinal eccentricity; 2) saccade latency distributions were systematically determined by the ratio between the amplitude of the stimulus step and the diameter of the attended ring: stimulus steps that were larger than the attended ring resulted in short latencies, whereas steps smaller than the attended ring resulted in proportionally longer and more variable latencies; 3) this effect was not seen in manual reaction times to the same target movement; and 4) suprathreshold changes in the contrast of targets, mimicking possible attentional effects on perceived contrast and saliency, had little effect on latency. We argue that the spatial scale of attention determines the urgency of saccade motor preparation processes by changing the rate and rate variability of the underlying decision signal, to defer the cost of saccades that result in little visual benefit.

LATER predicts saccade latency distributions in reading

2006 ◽  
Vol 177 (2) ◽  
pp. 176-183 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. H . S. Carpenter ◽  
Scott A. McDonald
Keyword(s):  
Saccade Latency ◽  
Latency Distributions

scholarly journals Semi-automated detection of fractional shortening in zebrafish embryo heart videos

2016 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 233-236 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sara Nasrat ◽  
Daniel Marcato ◽  
Sofia Hirth ◽  
Markus Reischl ◽  
Christian Pylatiuk
Keyword(s):  
Visual Information ◽  
Zebrafish Embryo ◽  
Model Organisms ◽  
Automatic Quantification ◽  
Video Recordings ◽  
Cardiac Functions ◽  
Embryo Heart ◽  
Therapeutic Compounds ◽  
Fractional Shortening

AbstractQuantifying cardiac functions in model organisms like embryonic zebrafish is of high importance in small molecule screens for new therapeutic compounds. One relevant cardiac parameter is the fractional shortening (FS). A method for semi-automatic quantification of FS in video recordings of zebrafish embryo hearts is presented. The software provides automated visual information about the end-systolic and end-diastolic stages of the heart by displaying corresponding colored lines into a Motion-mode display. After manually marking the ventricle diameters in frames of end-systolic and end-diastolic stages, the FS is calculated. The software was evaluated by comparing the results of the determination of FS with results obtained from another established method. Correlations of 0.96 < r < 0.99 between the two methods were found indicating that the new software provides comparable results for the determination of the FS.

Galactic orbits of stars

1966 ◽  
Vol 25 ◽  
pp. 93-97
Author(s):  
Richard Woolley
Keyword(s):  
Globular Cluster ◽  
Potential Field ◽  
High Velocity ◽  
Velocity Vector ◽  
Variable Stars ◽  
The Sun ◽  
Proper Motions ◽  
Rr Lyrae ◽  
The Galaxy

It is now possible to determine proper motions of high-velocity objects in such a way as to obtain with some accuracy the velocity vector relevant to the Sun. If a potential field of the Galaxy is assumed, one can compute an actual orbit. A determination of the velocity of the globular clusterωCentauri has recently been completed at Greenwich, and it is found that the orbit is strongly retrograde in the Galaxy. Similar calculations may be made, though with less certainty, in the case of RR Lyrae variable stars.

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