Foreign Materials Management: A Critical but Overlooked Element in Optoelectronic Device Introduction

Author(s):  
Ian Harvey Arellano
Author(s):  
Joanna L. Batstone

Interest in II-VI semiconductors centres around optoelectronic device applications. The wide band gap II-VI semiconductors such as ZnS, ZnSe and ZnTe have been used in lasers and electroluminescent displays yielding room temperature blue luminescence. The narrow gap II-VI semiconductors such as CdTe and HgxCd1-x Te are currently used for infrared detectors, where the band gap can be varied continuously by changing the alloy composition x.Two major sources of precipitation can be identified in II-VI materials; (i) dopant introduction leading to local variations in concentration and subsequent precipitation and (ii) Te precipitation in ZnTe, CdTe and HgCdTe due to native point defects which arise from problems associated with stoichiometry control during crystal growth. Precipitation is observed in both bulk crystal growth and epitaxial growth and is frequently associated with segregation and precipitation at dislocations and grain boundaries. Precipitation has been observed using transmission electron microscopy (TEM) which is sensitive to local strain fields around inclusions.


Author(s):  
Martin J. Mahon ◽  
Patrick W. Keating ◽  
John T. McLaughlin

Coatings are applied to appliances, instruments and automobiles for a variety of reasons including corrosion protection and enhancement of market value. Automobile finishes are a highly complex blend of polymeric materials which have a definite impact on the eventual ability of a car to sell. Consumers report that the gloss of the finish is one of the major items they look for in an automobile.With the finish being such an important part of the automobile, there is a zero tolerance for paint defects by auto assembly plant management. Owing to the increased complexity of the paint matrix and its inability to be “forgiving” when foreign materials are introduced into a newly applied finish, the analysis of paint defects has taken on unparalleled importance. Scanning electron microscopy with its attendant x-ray analysis capability is the premier method of examining defects and attempting to identify their root cause.Defects are normally examined by cutting out a coupon sized portion of the autobody and viewing in an SEM at various angles.


Author(s):  
Yusuke Nakatake ◽  
Makoto Okabe ◽  
Shota Sato

Abstract In this paper, we carried out PIND (Particle Impact Noise Detection) test and X-ray inspection of a transistor in a TO-18 package for commercial and industrial applications. From our evaluation results, we explain the validity of the PIND test by comparing PIND test and X-ray inspection results. We make clear that PIND test is able to detect internal foreign material that may be transparent to X-ray inspection. In addition, we report analysis results of internal foreign materials from defective devices. This matter suggests that a problem is contamination control in the manufacturing process, most likely the sealing process.


2011 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 123-139
Author(s):  
Saeed Fathololoumi ◽  
Hieu P. T. Nguyen ◽  
Zetian Mi

2011 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 123-139 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saeed Fathololoumi ◽  
Hieu P. T. Nguyen ◽  
Zetian Mi

CrystEngComm ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (45) ◽  
pp. 7864-7869
Author(s):  
Maojun Sun ◽  
Wei Wang ◽  
Qinghua Zhao ◽  
Xuetao Gan ◽  
Yuanhui Sun ◽  
...  

Indium selenide (InSe) single crystals have been considered as promising candidates for future optical, electrical, and optoelectronic device applications.


2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (21) ◽  
pp. 3286-3293 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bin Mu ◽  
Xingtian Hao ◽  
Jian Chen ◽  
Qian Li ◽  
Chunxiu Zhang ◽  
...  

Well-prepared side-chain discotic liquid crystal polymers with shorter spacers in ordered columnar phases are fascinating and promising cost-effective, solution-processable organic semiconducting materials for various potential optoelectronic device applications.


2021 ◽  
Vol 50 (5) ◽  
pp. 2576-2583
Author(s):  
Uche Paul Onochie ◽  
Sunday Chukwuyem Ikpeseni ◽  
Anthony Egwu Igweoko ◽  
Hilary Ijeoma Owamah ◽  
Chinecherem Collins Aluma ◽  
...  

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Meng-Cheng Yen ◽  
Chia-Jung Lee ◽  
Kang-Hsiang Liu ◽  
Yi Peng ◽  
Junfu Leng ◽  
...  

AbstractField-induced ionic motions in all-inorganic CsPbBr3 perovskite quantum dots (QDs) strongly dictate not only their electro-optical characteristics but also the ultimate optoelectronic device performance. Here, we show that the functionality of a single Ag/CsPbBr3/ITO device can be actively switched on a sub-millisecond scale from a resistive random-access memory (RRAM) to a light-emitting electrochemical cell (LEC), or vice versa, by simply modulating its bias polarity. We then realize for the first time a fast, all-perovskite light-emitting memory (LEM) operating at 5 kHz by pairing such two identical devices in series, in which one functions as an RRAM to electrically read the encoded data while the other simultaneously as an LEC for a parallel, non-contact optical reading. We further show that the digital status of the LEM can be perceived in real time from its emission color. Our work opens up a completely new horizon for more advanced all-inorganic perovskite optoelectronic technologies.


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