The influence of manufacturing process, metal oxide content, and additives on the switching behaviour of Ag/SnO/sub 2/ in relays

2004 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Braumann ◽  
A. Koffler
Keyword(s):  
Metal Oxide ◽  
Manufacturing Process ◽  
Oxide Content ◽  
Switching Behaviour

In situ Synthesis of High Refractive Index PDMS/Metal Oxide Nanocomposites

2012 ◽  
Vol 1400 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qiaoyu Lu ◽  
Michael E. Mullins
Keyword(s):  
Refractive Index ◽  
Metal Oxide ◽  
Hybrid Materials ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Heat Stability ◽  
Ceramic Materials ◽  
High Refractive Index ◽  
Oxide Content ◽  
Metal Alkoxides ◽  
Silicone Polymers

ABSTRACTOrganic-inorganic hybrids have been prepared with tailorable and enhanced properties which are unachievable using polymers or ceramics alone. By combining the flexibility of polymers with the electronic and optical properties of ceramic materials, these hybrids offer great potential for many optical, electrical and mechanical applications. Silicone polymers because of their desirable surface properties, excellent physical properties, heat stability, and high resistance to chemical and UV attack, have been widely used. Hybrid siloxane-metal oxide gels have been prepared via sol-gel techniques, by using hydroxyl-terminated polydimethylsiloxanes (PDMS) crosslinked by metallic alkoxides, M(OR)n. In this technique, the use of organic solvents permits organic and inorganic components to be combined at a molecular level with the desired composition. By varying the type and percentage of metal alkoxides during synthesis, transparent and homogeneous organic-inorganic hybrid materials with unique properties were obtained. Also a secondary metal oxide species was introduced to synthesize binary metal oxide-PDMS hybrids. Systematic experiments were carried out to study the effect of the reaction conditions and metal alkoxides-PDMS ratios on the properties of the final hybrids. These hybrids were spin coating on silicon wafers or molded into bulk films to be tested. The composition and the properties of the transparent inorganic-organic hybrids were investigated and characterized by ellipsometer and Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. Experimental results showed that the refractive index of the hybrid materials exhibits a proportional relationship with the metal oxide content, the higher the metal oxide content the higher the refractive index. The refractive index was increased from 1.4 of PDMS to 1.7 of metal oxide-PDMS hybrid with highest prepared metal oxide loading. From the FTIR spectra, the structures of the hybrids for various metal oxide-PDMS compositions were examined.

Relationship between the Thermal Expansion Coefficient and the Composition for R2O-MO-Al2O3-SiO2 System Glass

2006 ◽  
Vol 11-12 ◽  
pp. 65-68 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhuo Hao Xiao ◽  
An Xian Lu ◽  
Fei Lu
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Expansion ◽  
Metal Oxide ◽  
Thermal Expansion Coefficient ◽  
Expansion Coefficient ◽  
Alkaline Earth ◽  
Earth Metal ◽  
Alkaline Earth Metal ◽  
Oxide Content ◽  
Mixed Alkali ◽  
Alkaline Earth Metal Ions

The R2O-MO- Al2O3-SiO2 system glasses were prepared by conventional melt quenching technology. The composition mass fraction range of the glass is SiO2 (55%∼65%), MgO (0%∼15.2%), CaO (0%∼15.2%), SrO (0%∼15.2%), BaO (0%∼15.2%), Na2O (0%∼15.6%), K2O (0%∼15.6%). The relationship between the composition and the thermal expansion coefficient of the glass was investigated by comparing the thermal expansion coefficients of the glasses with different chemical composition. The results show that the thermal expansion coefficient of the glass increases sharply with the increase of alkali-metal oxide content and when K+, Na+ and Li+ exist simultaneously in the structure of the glass, the complex “mixed alkali effect” can be observed from the composition–thermal expansion coefficient curve. When introducing different kind but same quantity alkaline-earth metal oxide, the thermal expansion coefficient of the glasses increased obviously with the rising of the radius of alkaline-earth metal ions but the “mixed alkali effects” can also be observed for the glasses containing a few kinds of alkaline-earth metal oxides.

Toluene Combustion over Metal Oxide Washcoated Monolithic Catalyst

2010 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gülin S. Pozan Soylu ◽  
Zeynep Özçelik ◽  
Ismail Boz
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Catalytic Activity ◽  
Metal Oxide ◽  
Catalytic Combustion ◽  
Oxide Content ◽  
Ultrasonic Technique ◽  
Monolithic Catalyst ◽  
Monolith Catalyst ◽  
Scanning Electron

Catalytic combustion of toluene over ceramic monolith supported Mn, Fe, Co, Cu and Zr oxide-based catalysts has been investigated. The catalysts were prepared by washcoating and characterized by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) technique. The adhesion of the washcoat was evaluated using an ultrasonic technique. The increase in activity was followed by increasing metal oxide content. 6.5MnO2/CM (CM: ceramic monolith) catalyst exhibited the highest catalytic activity, over which the toluene conversion is up to 90 percent at a temperature of 291°C.

scholarly journals New Technical Parameters and Operational Improvements of the Metal Oxide Varistors Manufacturing Process

Processes ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Flaviu Mihai Frigura-Iliasa ◽  
Sorin Musuroi ◽  
Ciprian Sorandaru ◽  
Doru Vatau
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Electrical Properties ◽  
Metal Oxide ◽  
Technological Process ◽  
Manufacturing Process ◽  
Sintering Temperature ◽  
Technological Changes ◽  
Initial Composition ◽  
Technical Parameters ◽  
New Process

At the beginning, this article details the manufacturing procedures for varistor materials. Starting from the initial composition of two large series of varistors (those with two additive oxides and those with five additive oxides), there is a major overview of the main stages of the technological process and the equipment used for the production, emphasizing the technological changes that were made. The article continues with the study of the influence of the sintering pressure and the sintering temperature on the electrical properties of the varistor materials made before. There were two experimental series of 7 varistors, one series based on 2 additive oxides and one based on 5 additive oxides. Each varistor of these series was sintered at another temperature, the fundamental purpose being to determine an optimal sintering temperature for each chemical composition. A second activity consisted of manufacturing two more series of varistors with the same chemical composition (2 oxides and 5 additive oxides), which were sintered at two different pressures, for having a set of conclusions on the influence of sintering pressure on the electric performances. All conclusions are underlying a new process for manufacturing metal oxide based varistors.

scholarly journals Simple fabrication of flexible electrodes with high metal-oxide content: electrospun reduced tungsten oxide/carbon nanofibers for lithium ion battery applications

Nanoscale ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 6 (17) ◽  
pp. 10147-10155 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jaehyuk Lee ◽  
Changshin Jo ◽  
Bangrock Park ◽  
Woonbong Hwang ◽  
Hyung Ik Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Metal Oxide ◽  
Tungsten Oxide ◽  
Lithium Ion Battery ◽  
Carbon Nanofibers ◽  
Lithium Ion ◽  
Electrochemical Performances ◽  
Oxide Content ◽  
Flexible Electrode ◽  
High Metal ◽  
Battery Anode

A reduced tungsten oxide-carbon flexible electrode is fabricated by electrospinning, showing high electrochemical performances as a lithium-ion battery anode.

Viscosity and the structure of molten silicates

1954 ◽  
Vol 226 (1167) ◽  
pp. 423-435 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Metal Oxide ◽  
Composition Range ◽  
Current Theory ◽  
Null Point ◽  
Flow Unit ◽  
Energy Of Activation ◽  
Oxide Content ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Smooth Functions ◽  
Maximum Temperatures

A mgnetically controlled null-point modification of the rotating crucible viscometer has been devised which enables measurements of the viscosity of liquids to be made at maximum temperatures of 1850° C. The instrument has been applied to measure the viscosity of the system CaO -SiO 2 over the composition range 30 to 58 mole % CaO. The flow is Newtonian . The viscosity isotherms are smooth functions of composition and donot exhibit the inflexion found in previous work carried out in (attackable) graphite crucibles. Up to 1700° C the energy of activation is constant for all systems. For compositions containing more than 38-8 mole % CaO, the energy of activation falls at temperatures 1700° C. The energy of activation is small compared with that for flow in liquid silica. Over the composition range studied it falls little (45 to 35 kcal mole -1 ) with increase of CaO content. The energy of activation observed is inconsistent in magnitude and variation with composition with the current theory of the structure of liquid silicates and glasses due to Endell & Hellbriigge. In liquid SiO 2 and systems containing less than about 12 mole % metal oxide the flow unit is SiO 2 . At about this composition a fundamental change occurs in the structure of the melt. For systems with a metal oxide content of more than about 12 mole % the flow unit is a discrete silicate anion, the size of which increases regularly with increasing concentration of SiO 2 . The simplest discrete silicate anions compatible with valency, stereochemical and electro-neutrality considerations are deduced for various compositions of the liquid. The structure thus suggested is consistent with observations on the viscosity of silica and of the system Na 2 O-SiO 2 ; and with results on the temperature of maximum density in silica, X-ray diffraction in glasses, the solubility of CaF 2 in silicates, and the partial molar volume results for simple alkali metal glasses.

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