Anizotropic dielectric devised by metamaterials-related technique

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aldo De Sabata ◽  
Ladislau Matekovits ◽  
Andrei Silaghi ◽  
Ildiko Peter
Keyword(s):  
Related Technique

Identifying VIV Vibration Modes by Use of the Empirical Orthogonal Functions Technique

2002 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gudmund Kleiven
Keyword(s):  
Model Test ◽  
Vibration Mode ◽  
Multivariate Data ◽  
Empirical Orthogonal Functions ◽  
Mode Shapes ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Vibration Modes ◽  
Ocean Engineering ◽  
Orthogonal Functions ◽  
Related Technique

The Empirical Orthogonal Functions (EOF) technique has widely being used by oceanographers and meteorologists, while the Singular Value Decomposition (SVD being a related technique is frequently used in the statistics community. Another related technique called Principal Component Analysis (PCA) is observed being used for instance in pattern recognition. The predominant applications of these techniques are data compression of multivariate data sets which also facilitates subsequent statistical analysis of such data sets. Within Ocean Engineering the EOF technique is not yet widely in use, although there are several areas where multivariate data sets occur and where the EOF technique could represent a supplementary analysis technique. Examples are oceanographic data, in particular current data. Furthermore data sets of model- or full-scale data of loads and responses of slender bodies, such as pipelines and risers are relevant examples. One attractive property of the EOF technique is that it does not require any a priori information on the physical system by which the data is generated. In the present paper a description of the EOF technique is given. Thereafter an example on use of the EOF technique is presented. The example is analysis of response data from a model test of a pipeline in a long free span exposed to current. The model test program was carried out in order to identify the occurrence of multi-mode vibrations and vibration mode amplitudes. In the present example the EOF technique demonstrates the capability of identifying predominant vibration modes of inline as well as cross-flow vibrations. Vibration mode shapes together with mode amplitudes and frequencies are also estimated. Although the present example is not sufficient for concluding on the applicability of the EOF technique on a general basis, the results of the present example demonstrate some of the potential of the technique.

Real-Time Reservoir Operation by Tree-Based Model Predictive Control Including Forecast Uncertainty

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gokcen Uysal ◽  
Rodolfo-Alvarado Montero ◽  
Dirk Schwanenberg ◽  
Aynur Sensoy
Keyword(s):  
Water Supply ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Predictive Control ◽  
Reservoir Operation ◽  
Lead Time ◽  
Flood Control ◽  
Closed Loop ◽  
Multi Stage ◽  
Streamflow Forecasts ◽  
Related Technique

<p>Streamflow forecasts include uncertainties related with initial conditions, model forcings, hydrological model structure and parameters. Ensemble streamflow forecasts can capture forecast uncertainties by having spread forecast members. Integration of these forecast members into real-time operational decision models which deals with different objectives such as flood control, water supply or energy production are still rare. This study aims to use ensemble streamflows as input of the recurrent reservoir operation problem which can incorporate (i) forecast uncertainty, (ii) forecasts with a higher lead-time and (iii) a higher stability. A related technique for decision making is multi-stage stochastic optimization using scenario trees, referred to as Tree-based Model Predictive Control (TB-MPC). This approach reduces the number of ensemble members by its tree generation algorithms using all trajectories and then proper problem formulation is set by Multi-Stage Stochastic Programming. The method is relatively new in reservoir operation, especially closed-loop hindcasting experiments and its assessment is quite rare in the literature. The aim of this study is to set a TB-MPC based real-time reservoir operation with hindcasting experiments. To that end, first hourly deterministic streamflows having one single member are produced using an observed flood hydrograph. Deterministic forecasts are tested with conventional deterministic optimization setup. Secondly, hourly ensemble streamflow forecasts having a lead-time up to 48 hours are produced by a novel approach which explicitly presents dynamic uncertainty evolution. Produced ensemble members are directly provided to input to related technique. Uncertainty becomes much larger when managing small basins and small rivers. Thus, the methodology is applied to the Yuvacik dam reservoir, fed by a catchment area of 258 km<sup>2</sup> and located in Turkey, owing to its challenging flood control and water supply operation due to downstream flow constraints. According to the results, stochastic optimization outperforms conventional counterpart by considering uncertainty in terms of flood metrics without discarding water supply purposes. The closed-loop hindcasting experiment scenarios demonstrate the robustness of the system developed against biased information. In conclusion, ensemble streamflows produced from single member can be employed to TB-MPC for better real-time management of a reservoir control system.</p>

Risk Factors for Adverse Outcomes after Peritonitis-Related Technique Failure

2008 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 352-360 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sung Jin Moon ◽  
Seung Hyeok Han ◽  
Dong Ki Kim ◽  
Jung Eun Lee ◽  
Beom Seok Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Elevated Serum ◽  
Adverse Outcomes ◽  
Catheter Removal ◽  
Serial Measurement ◽  
Cell Counts ◽  
White Blood Cell Counts ◽  
Serum Crp ◽  
Technique Failure ◽  
Related Technique

Background Peritonitis is the leading cause of technique failure in peritoneal dialysis (PD) patients. Some patients experience recurrent ascites, encapsulating peritoneal sclerosis (EPS), and even death after catheter removal. Little is known, however, about the risk factors for such complications. Methods The study subjects were 117 patients that had their PD catheter removed due to peritonitis between January 2000 and June 2006. Biochemical and clinical data were reviewed retrospectively. Serum C-reactive protein (CRP) and blood and effluent white blood cell counts (WBC) were measured at baseline and at 72 hours of peritonitis. Based on adverse outcomes, patients were classified into 4 groups: non-complication (NC; n = 73), recurrent ascites (A; n = 26), EPS (E; n = 10), and death directly related to peritonitis (D; n = 8). Results Age at PD catheter removal was significantly higher in D group compared to NC group (62.0 ± 10.6 vs 51.2 ± 11.5 years, p < 0.05). In addition, mean PD duration was significantly longer in E group compared to NC and A groups (130.5 ± 48.1 vs 58.8 ± 42.4 vs 74.8 ± 47.4 months, p < 0.01). Compared to baseline, effluent WBC was significantly decreased in NC group after 72 hours of peritonitis. In addition, serum CRP level was significantly decreased in NC and A groups, whereas it was significantly increased in D group. Multivariate analyses adjusted for age, PD duration, blood and effluent WBC, serum CRP, and micro-organisms revealed that serum CRP level at 72 hours predicted significantly the development of EPS [odds ratio (OR) 1.15, p < 0.05] and peritonitis-related death (OR 1.18, p < 0.01). In addition, PD duration (per 1 month increase: OR 1.03, p < 0.05) and age at PD catheter removal (per 1 year increase: OR 1.11, p < 0.05) were identified as significant determinants of EPS and peritonitis-related death respectively. Only effluent WBC at 72 hours was significantly associated with the development of ascites (OR 1.27, p < 0.05). Conclusion Older patients with long PD duration and those with persistently elevated serum CRP levels were likely to develop complications after peritonitis-related technique failure. Our study suggests that serial measurement of CRP may be helpful in predicting the development of complications after PD catheter removal.

Team learning from human demonstration with coordination confidence

2019 ◽  
Vol 34 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bikramjit Banerjee ◽  
Syamala Vittanala ◽  
Matthew Edmund Taylor
Keyword(s):  
Single Agent ◽  
Learning Agents ◽  
Human Agent ◽  
Global View ◽  
Local View ◽  
Speed Up ◽  
Multi Agent ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Related Technique ◽  
Human Demonstration

Abstract Among an array of techniques proposed to speed-up reinforcement learning (RL), learning from human demonstration has a proven record of success. A related technique, called Human-Agent Transfer, and its confidence-based derivatives have been successfully applied to single-agent RL. This article investigates their application to collaborative multi-agent RL problems. We show that a first-cut extension may leave room for improvement in some domains, and propose a new algorithm called coordination confidence (CC). CC analyzes the difference in perspectives between a human demonstrator (global view) and the learning agents (local view) and informs the agents’ action choices when the difference is critical and simply following the human demonstration can lead to miscoordination. We conduct experiments in three domains to investigate the performance of CC in comparison with relevant baselines.

Development as economic growth, 1956–

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Toye
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Developing Countries ◽  
Economic Development ◽  
Growth Model ◽  
Technical Change ◽  
Growth Accounting ◽  
Economic Sectors ◽  
Productivity Differentials ◽  
Factor Inputs ◽  
Related Technique

Economists often conflate the theory of economic development with the theory of economic growth. This practice has become increasingly popular since Robert Solow made elegant improvements to the Harrod–Domar growth model, but left it unclear whether it was meant to be applicable in developing countries. Solow’s model has one sector only and aggregates growth as increased GNP. It has no place for changes in the balance between economic sectors that characterize development. A related technique is growth accounting, which disaggregates growth into amounts generated by capital and labour inputs, and a residual attributed to technical change and all other influences on growth. The finding that the residual outweighs the effect of factor inputs is subject to measurement problems, and ignores the question of large productivity differentials between sectors.

Extrusion-Cooking and Related Technique

2011 ◽  
pp. 1-24 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leszek Mościcki ◽  
Dick J. van Zuilichem
Keyword(s):  
Extrusion Cooking ◽  
Related Technique

Ethics and risks between human and robotic interaction

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 134-147
Author(s):  
Lin Yu ◽  
Shejiao Ding
Keyword(s):  
Industrial Robot ◽  
Service Robot ◽  
Human Society ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Safety Design ◽  
The World ◽  
Increasing Demand ◽  
Machine Standards ◽  
Related Technique ◽  
Close Contacts

Abstract Robot is definitely playing important role in human society. Low contact on machine standards is mostly on industrial robot while close contacts are in increasing demand in service robot, etc. The development of robotics with advanced hardware and artificial intelligence (AI) provide the possibility with human beings while close contacts raise many new issues on ethics and risks. For interaction, the related technique of perception, cognition and interaction are briefly introduced. For ethics, rules should be given for the robot designers to include ethics for certain application while risks should be evaluated during the experiment test. To make efficient decision, safety design with AI technology should be put on agenda for roboticists. Except from the risks, ethics raise many challenges while most of them can be solved by developing technologies while some of the problems exist in human’s society which also raise the questions for the human beings. More broader vision should be taken from different social departments together to avoid the possible embarrassed issues. It’s time to welcome the world of robotics and related techniques will make life more efficient while human-robot coexistence society will come one day and law should be imposed on both.

An Autonomous Learning Multimedia Courseware Design

2014 ◽  
Vol 530-531 ◽  
pp. 851-854
Author(s):  
Yun Cheng Li
Keyword(s):  
Learning Theory ◽  
Real World ◽  
Teaching And Learning ◽  
Appropriate Technology ◽  
Autonomous Learning ◽  
The Real ◽  
Whole Process ◽  
Related Technique

Aimed at project Instructional Courseware Design Using Geometrical Painting Method which is an sample of multimedia courseware, an suggestion was made that design should be directed by appropriate teaching and learning theory, bring forth all materials to learner through appropriate technology, making the learner to be able to join into the whole process of learning, to practice all the related technique in time, so that the learner could to be learned soon. Through this process, the learner not only could learn the knowledge it self, but also the method to solve problems in the real world.

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