scholarly journals Smart Charging, Vehicle-to-Grid, and Reactive Power Support from Electric Vehicles in Distribution Grids: A Performance Comparison

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Biswarup Mukherjee ◽  
Georges Kariniotakis ◽  
Fabrizio Sossan
Keyword(s):  
Electric Vehicles ◽  
Reactive Power ◽  
Performance Comparison ◽  
Vehicle To Grid ◽  
Smart Charging ◽  
Distribution Grids ◽  
A Performance

scholarly journals A Three-Phase Bidirectional Grid-Connected AC/DC Converter for V2G Applications

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Jingang Han ◽  
Xiong Zhou ◽  
Song Lu ◽  
Pinxuan Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Electric Vehicles ◽  
Control Strategy ◽  
Power Flow ◽  
Reactive Power ◽  
Vehicle To Grid ◽  
Experiment Platform ◽  
Three Phase ◽  
Simulation And Experiment ◽  
Bidirectional Power Flow ◽  
The Mathematical Model

The smart grid and electric vehicles (EVs) are widely used all over the world. As the key role, the Vehicle-to-Grid (V2G) has been attracting increasing attention. The bidirectional grid-connected AC/DC converter is one of the indispensable parts in the V2G system, which can realize bidirectional power flow and meet the power quality requirements for grid. A three-phase bidirectional grid-connected AC/DC converter is presented in this paper for V2G systems. It can be used to achieve the bidirectional power flow between EVs and grid, supply reactive power compensation, and smooth the power grid fluctuation. Firstly, the configuration of V2G systems is introduced, and the mathematical model of the AC/DC converter is built. Then, for bidirectional AC/DC converters, the grid voltage feedforward decoupling scheme is applied, and the analysis of PI control strategy is proposed and the controller is designed. The system simulation model is established based on MATLAB/Simulink, and the experiment platform of the bidirectional grid-connected converter for V2G is designed in lab. The simulation and experiment results are shown, and the results evaluate the effectiveness of the model and the performance of the applied control strategy.

scholarly journals Four-Quadrant Operations of Bidirectional Chargers for Electric Vehicles in Smart Car Parks: G2V, V2G, and V4G

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 181
Author(s):  
Tingting He ◽  
Dylan Dah-Chuan Lu ◽  
Mingli Wu ◽  
Qinyao Yang ◽  
Teng Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electric Vehicles ◽  
Reactive Power ◽  
Current Control ◽  
Constant Current ◽  
Vehicle To Grid ◽  
Operation Modes ◽  
Constant Current Charging ◽  
Grid Side ◽  
Four Quadrant ◽  
Grid Operation

This paper presents the four-quadrant operation modes of bidirectional chargers for electric vehicles (EVs) framed in smart car parks. A cascaded model predictive control (MPC) scheme for the bidirectional two-stage off-board chargers is proposed. The controller is constructed in two stages. The model predictive direct power control for the grid side is applied to track the active/reactive power references. The model predictive direct current control is proposed to achieve constant current charging/discharging for the EV load side. With this MPC strategy, EV chargers are able to transmit the active and reactive powers between the EV batteries and the power grid. Apart from exchanging the active power, the vehicle-for-grid (V4G) mode is proposed, where the chargers are used to deliver the reactive power to support the grid, simultaneously combined with grid-to-vehicle or vehicle-to-grid operation modes. In the V4G mode, the EV battery functions as the static var compensator. According to the simulation results, the system can operate effectively in the full control regions of the active and reactive power (PQ) plane under the aforementioned operation modes. Fast dynamic response and great steady-state system performances can be verified through various simulation and experimental results.

Combining photovoltaic energy with electric vehicles, smart charging and vehicle-to-grid

Solar Energy ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 110 ◽  
pp. 438-451 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fabrizio Fattori ◽  
Norma Anglani ◽  
Giuseppe Muliere
Keyword(s):  
Electric Vehicles ◽  
Vehicle To Grid ◽  
Photovoltaic Energy ◽  
Smart Charging

scholarly journals Plug-in Electric Vehicles for Grid Services Provision: Proposing an Operational Characterization Procedure for V2G Systems

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 1240 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ângelo Casaleiro ◽  
Rodrigo Amaro e Silva ◽  
João Serra
Keyword(s):  
Electric Vehicles ◽  
Power Factor ◽  
Power Flow ◽  
Reactive Power ◽  
Service Providers ◽  
Ancillary Service ◽  
Grid Services ◽  
Vehicle To Grid ◽  
Operational Characteristics ◽  
Characterization Procedure

Plug-in electric vehicles (PEVs) are expected to play a role as power grid ancillary service providers through vehicle-to-grid (V2G) chargers, enabling higher levels of renewable electricity penetration. However, to fully exploit the storage capacity of PEVs and fast responsiveness, it is crucial to understand their operational characteristics. This work proposes a characterization procedure for V2G systems providing grid services. It extends the existing literature on response time, AC/DC conversion and reactive power assessment. Illustrative results were obtained by implementing the procedure using a Nissan Leaf battery electric vehicle (BEV) connected to a remotely operated commercial V2G CHAdeMO charger. The V2G system was characterized as having a relative inaccuracy and variability of response inferior to 3% and 0.4%, respectively. Its average communication and ramping times are 2.37 s and 0.26 s/kW, respectively. Its conversion efficiency and power factor both showed degradation in the power values below 50% of the charger’s nominal power. Moreover, the proposed visualizations revealed that: i) the V2G system implements power requests for the DC power flow; ii) the power factor control algorithm was nonoperational; and iii) the acquired data can leverage statistical models that describe the operation of V2G systems (which is of extreme value for researchers and operators).

scholarly journals Design of Controller for Electrical Vehicle to Grid Power

2021 ◽  
Vol 2089 (1) ◽  
pp. 012011
Author(s):  
K K Baghmare ◽  
P M Daigavane
Keyword(s):  
Reactive Power ◽  
Control Strategies ◽  
Peak Load ◽  
Power Requirement ◽  
Vehicle To Grid ◽  
Load Demand ◽  
Bidirectional Converter ◽  
Smart Charging ◽  
Electrical Vehicle ◽  
Power Capability

Abstract This paper prescribed the design of controller for electrical vehicle to Grid power, by using this controller improve the power requirement of grid and reactive power compensation capability. Bidirectional converter is very helpful during on peak load demand. During off peak load demand grid will supply the power to the battery and charge the battery. During on peak load demand excess power of battery will supply to the grid. The concept aggregator is depicted in the figure 2. (Aggregator collects the power from all electrical vehicle first then it supply to the grid). This modern electrical vehicle technology proposed the distribution generation Methodology. All the control strategies of modern electrical vehicle to grid is proposed like smart charging or discharging of batteries during off peak load demand and On peak load demand respectively. V2G controller allow the active power it act as an ancillary services to grid. Electrical vehicle controller has ability to exchange the active or reactive power capability. Simulation of bidirectional AC/DC and DC/DC controller and their control circuit are analyzed by using matlab Simulink software.

scholarly journals Application Hybrid Eco Campus Vehicle based on Solar Cell

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Solly Aryza
Keyword(s):  
Solar Cell ◽  
Electric Vehicles ◽  
Power Flow ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
System Structure ◽  
Vehicle To Grid ◽  
Pv Panel ◽  
Smart Charging ◽  
Parking Lot ◽  
The Impact

In Indonesia, Smart Hybrid Vehicle is an Important issue for vehicle in college. This paper presents a charging process for electric scooter in parking lot areas University Pembangunan PancaBudi. It allows us toevaluate a broad range of Plug-in Smart Hybrid Electric Vehicles (PSHEVs) and Plug-in Electric Vehicles(PEVs) charging scenarios and stochastic models of the power that is the demand by PEVs in the parkinggarage, and the output power of the PV panel are present. To impact of the PSHEVs’ charging on the utilitygrid, a fuzzy logic power-flow controller was designed. The charging with solar cell helps to reduce emissionsfrom the power grid but increases the cost of charging. Moreover, it offers more flexibility to prepare for theemergence of new technologies (e.g., Vehicle-to-Grid, Vehicle-to-Building, and Smart Charging), which willbecome a reality shortly. The system structure and the developed PHEV smart charging algorithm are described.Moreover, a comparison between the impact of the charging process of the PHEVs on the grid with and withoutthe developed smart charging technique is presented and analyzed.

scholarly journals Application Design Aiming to Minimize Drivers’ Trip Duration through Intermediate Charging at Public Station Deployed in Smart Cities

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 67
Author(s):  
Ibrahim El-Fedany ◽  
Driss Kiouach ◽  
Rachid Alaoui
Keyword(s):  
Electric Vehicles ◽  
Smart Cities ◽  
Limited Range ◽  
Electric Transport ◽  
Charging Infrastructure ◽  
Vehicle To Grid ◽  
The Road ◽  
Smart Charging ◽  
Grid Applications ◽  
On The Road

Today, smart cities are turning to electric transport, carpooling and zero emission zones. The growing number of electric vehicles on the roads makes it increasingly necessary to have a public charging infrastructure. On the other hand, the main limitations of electric vehicles are the limited range of their batteries and their relatively long charging times. To avoid having problems to recharge, electric vehicle drivers must plan their journeys more thoroughly than others. At the goal of optimizing trip time, drivers need to automate their travel plans based on a smart charging solution, which will require the development of new Vehicle-to-Grid applications that will allow at the charging stations to dynamically interact with the vehicles. In this paper, we propose an architecture based on an algorithm allowing the management of charging plans for electric vehicles traveling on the road to their destination, in order to minimize the duration of the drivers’ journey including waiting and charging times. The decision taken by the algorithm based on the exploration of the data of each public supply station according to its location, number of vehicles in the queue, number of charging sockets, and rates of service.

Storage and Generation for Clean Renewable Transportation

2015 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
J Barrett
Keyword(s):  
Power Generation ◽  
Electric Vehicle ◽  
Electric Vehicles ◽  
Energy Production ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Vehicle To Grid ◽  
Renewable Power ◽  
Smart Charging ◽  
Renewable Power Generation ◽  
Electric Generation

Current technology advancements have made renewable power generation and electric vehicles feasible in today's market. As these technologies continue to merge into our systems, they create a need for energy storage and greater demand for clean power. The electric vehicle and the grid are going to be integrated due to the charging need of the EV. By developing the technologies together with smart communications, they can help solve issues with a reward or solution for each industry. Vehicle and grid connectivity is of the upmost importance as Electric Vehicles (EV) come online. Communications and infrastructure upgrades are going to be needed as renewables and EV technology develops. Renewable energy production tends to be intermittent and will require storage. Adaptation of the Electric Vehicle depends on a better battery. As we strive to reduce our dependence on fossil fuels the electric vehicles are becoming part of our means of transportation. These changes are creating a greater need for renewable electric generation to power these vehicles and reduce fossil fuel usage. As additional renewable power generation comes onto the grid, the need for storage is increased. Electric vehicles will also create a large demand on the grid for charging the batteries. Utilizing smart charging, vehicle-to-grid, and improved communications can solve these hurdles.

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