AI aided analysis on saliva crystallization of pregnant women for accurate estimation of delivery date and fetal status

Background. The quantification of asthma medication reduction and its relation to an aggravation of asthma during pregnancy at an individual level are unclear.Methods. We conducted a nationwide retrospective cohort study of asthmatic pregnant women in South Korea. All of the asthma medications were ranked from 1 to 4 according to the guideline-based stepwise approach. We assessed the daily sums of the ranks of the asthma medications and their association with exacerbations during three phases based on the individual’s delivery date: before, during, and after pregnancy.Results. The study cohort included 115,169 asthmatic pregnant women who gave birth between 2011 and 2013. The subjects were clustered into four groups according to the daily rank sums of their asthma medication. Asthma medications were rapidly reduced at the beginning of the pregnancy and then slowly increased after delivery. Exacerbations were more frequent in the group with higher rank-sum values than in the group with lower values. Overall exacerbations were reduced during pregnancy compared to before or after delivery.Conclusions. Asthmatic pregnant women tended to reduce their asthma medication use during pregnancy. This led to a greater number of exacerbations in a small part of the study population.

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Antiviral Treatment among Pregnant Women with Chronic Hepatitis B

Infectious Diseases in Obstetrics and Gynecology ◽

10.1155/2014/546165 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 2014 ◽

pp. 1-7 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Lin Fan ◽

Kwame Owusu-Edusei ◽

Sarah F. Schillie ◽

Trudy V. Murphy

Keyword(s):

Chronic Hepatitis ◽

Hepatitis B ◽

Pregnant Women ◽

Chronic Hepatitis B ◽

Antiviral Treatment ◽

Treatment Patterns ◽

Hepatitis B Virus Infection ◽

Third Trimester ◽

Delivery Date ◽

B Virus

Objective. To describe the antiviral treatment patterns for chronic hepatitis B (CHB) among pregnant and nonpregnant women.Methods. Using 2011 MarketScan claims, we calculated the rates of antiviral treatment among women (aged 10–50 years) with CHB. We described the pattern of antiviral treatment during pregnancy and ≥1 month after delivery.Results. We identified 6274 women with CHB during 2011. Among these, 64 of 507 (12.6%) pregnant women and 1151 of 5767 (20.0%) nonpregnant women received antiviral treatment (P< 0.01). Pregnant women were most commonly prescribed tenofovir (73.4%) and lamivudine (21.9%); nonpregnant women were most commonly prescribed tenofovir (50.2%) and entecavir (41.3%) (P< 0.01). Among 48 treated pregnant women with an identifiable delivery date, 16 (33.3%) were prescribed an antiviral before pregnancy and continued treatment for at least one month after delivery; 14 (29.2%) started treatment during the third trimester and continued at least one month after delivery.Conclusion. Among this insured population, pregnant women with CHB received an antiviral significantly less often than nonpregnant women. The most common antiviral prescribed for pregnant women was tenofovir. These data provide a baseline for assessing changes in treatment patterns with anticipated increased use of antivirals to prevent breakthrough perinatal hepatitis B virus infection.

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A hierarchical procedure to select intrauterine and extrauterine factors for methodological validation of preterm birth risk estimation

BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth ◽

10.1186/s12884-021-03654-3 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 21 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Pasquale Anthony Della Rosa ◽

Cesare Miglioli ◽

Martina Caglioni ◽

Francesca Tiberio ◽

Kelsey H.H. Mosser ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Preterm Birth ◽

Random Forest ◽

Pregnant Women ◽

Predictive Accuracy ◽

Risk Estimation ◽

Placenta Previa ◽

Information Criterion ◽

Random Forest Classifier ◽

Accurate Estimation

Abstract Background Etiopathogenesis of preterm birth (PTB) is multifactorial, with a universe of risk factors interplaying between the mother and the environment. It is of utmost importance to identify the most informative factors in order to estimate the degree of PTB risk and trace an individualized profile. The aims of the present study were: 1) to identify all acknowledged risk factors for PTB and to select the most informative ones for defining an accurate model of risk prediction; 2) to verify predictive accuracy of the model and 3) to identify group profiles according to the degree of PTB risk based on the most informative factors. Methods The Maternal Frailty Inventory (MaFra) was created based on a systematic review of the literature including 174 identified intrauterine (IU) and extrauterine (EU) factors. A sample of 111 pregnant women previously categorized in low or high risk for PTB below 37 weeks, according to ACOG guidelines, underwent the MaFra Inventory. First, univariate logistic regression enabled p-value ordering and the Akaike Information Criterion (AIC) selected the model including the most informative MaFra factors. Second, random forest classifier verified the overall predictive accuracy of the model. Third, fuzzy c-means clustering assigned group membership based on the most informative MaFra factors. Results The most informative and parsimonious model selected through AIC included Placenta Previa, Pregnancy Induced Hypertension, Antibiotics, Cervix Length, Physical Exercise, Fetal Growth, Maternal Anxiety, Preeclampsia, Antihypertensives. The random forest classifier including only the most informative IU and EU factors achieved an overall accuracy of 81.08% and an AUC of 0.8122. The cluster analysis identified three groups of typical pregnant women, profiled on the basis of the most informative IU and EU risk factors from a lower to a higher degree of PTB risk, which paralleled time of birth delivery. Conclusions This study establishes a generalized methodology for building-up an evidence-based holistic risk assessment for PTB to be used in clinical practice. Relevant and essential factors were selected and were able to provide an accurate estimation of degree of PTB risk based on the most informative constellation of IU and EU factors.

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Fetal transverse cerebellar diameter measurement in intrauterine growth restriction: a more accurate parameter for gestational age assessment at term

International Journal of Reproduction Contraception Obstetrics and Gynecology ◽

10.18203/2320-1770.ijrcog20194862 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 8 (11) ◽

pp. 4391

Author(s):

Saroj Mourya ◽

Harish Kumar Mourya ◽

Vimla Jain ◽

Manoj Verma

Keyword(s):

Pregnant Women ◽

Gestational Age ◽

Accurate Estimation ◽

Growth Disorders ◽

Third Trimester ◽

Singleton Pregnancy ◽

Age Assessment ◽

Medical College ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Reliable Parameter

Background: Assessment of fetal gestational age (GA) is an essential part of obstetric USG. Accurate knowledge of fetal GA is important to facilitate the best possible prenatal care and successful pregnancy outcome. For the estimation of GA the commonly used parameters in third trimester are:- BPD, HC, AC and FL. As all these parameters are affected by fetal growth disorders and fetal position. TCD can be used as another parameter for the estimation of GA in growth restricted fetuses.Methods: This study was conducted at Mahila Chikitsalaya Sanganeri Gate; SMS Medical College Jaipur from July 2005 to September 2006. A total of 80 pregnant women in third trimester with singleton pregnancy including 40 pregnant women with known cases of IUGR and 40 AGA fetuses were studied for TCD measure.Results: Correlation coefficient between TCD and gestational age was highly significant and no significant difference was found in TCD of AGA and IUGR fetuses.Conclusions: TCD measurement can be used as more reliable parameter for accurate estimation of gestational age in IUGR fetuses in third trimester.

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Can fetal adrenal artery Doppler velocimetry predict delivery date in pregnant women with spontaneous preterm birth?

Medical Ultrasonography ◽

10.11152/mu-981 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 19 (3) ◽

pp. 295

Author(s):

Francisco Herlânio Costa Carvalho ◽

Aline Pinto Lemos ◽

Francisco Edson De Lucena Feitosa ◽

Helvécio Neves Feitosa ◽

Lucas Costa Carvalho Augusto ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Preterm Birth ◽

Pregnant Women ◽

Resistance Index ◽

Cervical Length ◽

Doppler Velocimetry ◽

Operating Characteristics ◽

Spontaneous Preterm Birth ◽

Delivery Date ◽

Significant Difference ◽

A Prospective Study

Aim: To assess the accuracy of delivery date predictions made using fetal adrenal artery Doppler velocimetry in pregnant women with spontaneous preterm birth (PB) and to compare these predictions with cervical length (CL) measurements.Material and methods: A prospective study was performed with 51 pregnant women whose gestational lengths were between 24 and 36 weeks. The main outcome was the time between the Doppler velocimetry examination and delivery, categorized as delivery within 7 days or 7 days later after the examination. A receiver operating characteristics curve was performed to define the cutoffs among deliveries within 7 days for fetal adrenal artery Doppler velocimetry parameters and CL measurements.Results: The incidence of delivery within 7 days was 37.3%, with a statistically significant difference for the pulsatility index (PI; p=0.045) and resistance index (RI; p=0.030) of the fetal adrenal artery. The best cutoff values of PI and RI for predicting deliveries within 7 days were 1.65 and 0.78, respectively. The sensitivity and specificity of PI, RI, and CL (20 mm) were 73.7% (95% CI: 51.9–95.5) and 56.3% (95% CI: 38.1–74.4); 68.4% (95% CI: 45.4–91.4) and 62.5% (95% CI: 44.8–80.2); and 76.5% (95% CI: 54.0–99.0) and 78.1% (95%: CI 71.1–97.7), respectively.Conclusion: Fetal adrenal artery Doppler velocimetry can predict delivery within 7 days among pregnant women in cases of spontaneous PB and this prediction is similar to the predictions made using CL measurements.

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Sensitivity of pregnancy field on the COVID-19 case report form among pregnancies completed through December 31, 2020 — Illinois and Tennessee

10.21203/rs.3.rs-669059/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Susan E. Manning ◽

Amanda Bennett ◽

Sascha Ellington ◽

Sonal Goyal ◽

Elizabeth Harvey ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Case Report ◽

Pregnant Women ◽

Maternal Education ◽

Fetal Death ◽

Case Report Form ◽

Death Certificates ◽

Specimen Collection ◽

Delivery Date ◽

Pregnancy Status ◽

Fetal Death Certificate

Abstract Introduction: The considerable volume of infections from SARS-CoV-2, the virus that causes coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), has made it challenging for health departments to collect complete data for national disease reporting. We sought to examine sensitivity of the COVID-19 case report form (CRF) pregnancy field by comparing CRF data to the gold standard of CRF data linked to birth and fetal death certificates. Methods: CRFs for women aged 15–44 years with laboratory-confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection were linked to birth and fetal death certificates for pregnancies completed during January 1–December 31, 2020 in Illinois and Tennessee. Among linked records, pregnancy was considered confirmed for women with a SARS-CoV-2 specimen collection date on or prior to the delivery date. Sensitivity of the COVID-19 CRF pregnancy field was calculated by dividing the number of confirmed pregnant women with SARS-CoV-2 infection with pregnancy indicated on the CRF by the number of confirmed pregnant women with SARS-CoV-2 infection. Results: Among 4,276 (Illinois) and 2,070 (Tennessee) CRFs that linked with a birth or fetal death certificate, CRF pregnancy field sensitivity was 45.3% and 42.1%, respectively. In both states, sensitivity varied significantly by maternal race/ethnicity, insurance, trimester of prenatal care entry, month of specimen collection, and trimester of specimen collection. Sensitivity also varied by maternal education in Illinois but not in Tennessee. Discussion: Sensitivity of the COVID-19 CRF pregnancy field varied by state and demographic factors. To more accurately assess outcomes for pregnant women, jurisdictions might consider utilizing additional data sources and linkages to obtain pregnancy status.

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Risk Assessment for Preterm Delivery using the Fetal Fibronectin Test Associated with the Measurement of Uterine Cervix Length in Symptomatic Pregnant Women

Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia / RBGO Gynecology and Obstetrics ◽

10.1055/s-0038-1667185 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 40 (09) ◽

pp. 507-512

Author(s):

Tadeu Pinheiro Filho ◽

Vanessa Pessoa ◽

Thaisa Lima ◽

Marcela Castro ◽

José Linhares

Keyword(s):

Pregnant Women ◽

Preterm Delivery ◽

Uterine Cervix ◽

Rapid Test ◽

Maternity Hospital ◽

Fetal Fibronectin ◽

Delivery Date ◽

The Mean ◽

Mean Time ◽

Larger Sample

Objective To analyze the use of the measurement of uterine cervix length (MUCL) and the fetal fibronectin (fFN) rapid test as predictors of preterm delivery (PTD) in symptomatic pregnant women assisted at the Santa Casa de Misericórdia de Sobral Maternity Hospital. Methods This was a prospective and analytic study involving 53 parturients assisted between September of 2015 and July of 2016; the participants were between 24 and 34 weeks of gestational age (GA) and presented complaints related to preterm labor (PTL) prodromes. Vaginal secretion was collected for fFN testing, and the MUCL was obtained via transvaginal ultrasonography. Results A total of 58.49% of the subjects showed MUCL < 25 mm, and 41.51% were positive in the fFN rapid test. A total of 48 patients were followed-up until their delivery date, and 54.17% resulted in PTL. The relative risk (RR) for PTD in patients with MUCL < 25 mm was 1.83 (p = 0.09, 0.99–3.36, 95% confidence interval [CI]), with a mean time before delivery of 2.98 weeks. Based on fFN positive results, the RR was 3.50 (p = 0.002, 1.39–8.79, 95%CI) and the mean time until delivery was 1.94 weeks. The RR was 2.70 (p = 0.002, 1.08–6.72, 95%CI) when both tests were used. The RR of PTD within 48 hours, and 7 and 14 days were, respectively, 1.30 (p = 0.11, 95% CI 1.02–1.67), 1.43 (p = 0.12, 95% CI % 0.99–2.06), and 2.03 (p = 0.008, 95% CI 1.26–3.27), when based on the MUCL, and 1.75 (p = 0.0006, 95% CI 1.20–2.53), 2.88 (p = 0.0001, 95% CI, 1.57–5.31), and 3.57 (p = 0.0002, 95% CI 1.63–7.81) when based on positive fFN results. The RR at 48 hours and 7 and 14 days considering both tests was 1.74 (p = 0.0001, 95% CI 1.14–2.64), 2.22 (p = 0.0001, 95% CI 1.22–4.04), and 2.76 (p = 0.0002, 95% CI 1.27–5.96), respectively. Conclusion In symptomatic pregnant women, we concluded that the MUCL < 25 mm associated with positive fFN rapid test indicate increased the risk for PTD. Further studies with larger sample sizes could contribute in supporting the results presented in the current study.

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An Efficient Statistic for Determining the Diameter of Thin Sectioned Uniform Spheres from Measurements of Biological Samples

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100050585 ◽

1974 ◽

Vol 32 ◽

pp. 114-115

Author(s):

W. R. Schucany ◽

G. H. Kelsoe ◽

V. F. Allison

Keyword(s):

Biological Samples ◽

Traditional Method ◽

Cell Types ◽

Accurate Estimation ◽

Morphological Identification ◽

Sectioned Material ◽

Maximal Diameter ◽

Similar Cell

Accurate estimation of the size of spheroid organelles from thin sectioned material is often necessary, as uniquely homogenous populations of organelles such as vessicles, granules, or nuclei often are critically important in the morphological identification of similar cell types. However, the difficulty in obtaining accurate diameter measurements of thin sectioned organelles is well known. This difficulty is due to the extreme tenuity of the sectioned material as compared to the size of the intact organelle. In populations where low variance is suspected the traditional method of diameter estimation has been to measure literally hundreds of profiles and to describe the “largest” as representative of the “approximate maximal diameter”.

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