The Development of Video-Camera Technologies: Many Innovations Behind Video Cameras Are Used for Digital Cameras and Smartphones

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 10-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yasuo Takemura
Keyword(s):  
Video Camera ◽  
Digital Cameras ◽  
Video Cameras

Enhancement of Differential Interference Contrast Images of Live Cells Obtained With Digital Cameras

1999 ◽  
Vol 5 (S2) ◽  
pp. 1112-1113
Author(s):  
M.V. Parthasarathy
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Contrast Enhancement ◽  
Dynamic Range ◽  
Ccd Camera ◽  
Video Camera ◽  
Live Cells ◽  
Photographic Emulsion ◽  
Digital Cameras ◽  
Structural Detail ◽  
Ccd Cameras

The usefulness of Differential Contrast Interference (DIC) light microscopy for observing fine details within transparent specimens is well known. However, when viewed by the eye or by recording with photographic emulsion, fine structural detail at the limit of resolution is often not visible because of lack of contrast. To overcome this problem, electronic contrast enhancement capabilities of video cameras have been used to enhance structural details that would otherwise be invisible. The technique, commonly referred to as VE-DIC (Video Enhanced DIC), uses first analog contrast enhancement of the image with a video camera followed by a real-time digital image processor to further enhance the image with. We are exploring the feasibility of achieving fine structural detail of live cells by directly acquiring digital images of them with a high resolution CCD camera.High resolution cooled slow-scan 12-bit CCD cameras are well suited for DIC microscopy because of their greater dynamic range than video CCD cameras that are normally 8-bits or lower.

scholarly journals Being held to account: Detainees’ perceptions of police body-worn cameras

2018 ◽  
Vol 52 (2) ◽  
pp. 174-192 ◽  
Author(s):  
Murray Lee ◽  
Emmeline Taylor ◽  
Matthew Willis
Keyword(s):  
Use Of Force ◽  
Video Camera ◽  
Activity Increase ◽  
Police Use Of Force ◽  
Video Cameras ◽  
Police Accountability ◽  
The World ◽  
Research Interviews ◽  
Perceptions Of Police ◽  
The Impact

Police organisations across the world are embracing body-worn video camera technology. The justification for this is to enhance public trust in police, provide transparency in policing activity, increase police accountability, reduce conflict between police and public, and to provide a police perspective of incidents and events. However, while the corpus of research into the efficacy and operational practicalities of police use of body-worn video cameras is developing, questions on some elements of their impact remain. The majority of scholarship has hitherto been evaluations focused on the impact of the cameras on police use of force and on the numbers of complaints against the police. Alternatively, this article explores body-worn video cameras from the perspective of police detainees, and specifically, detainees’ perceptions of the capacities of body-worn video cameras to deliver promised increased levels of accountability in policing. The article draws on a survey and research interviews with 907 police detainees across four Australian jurisdictions. While respondents largely support the use of body-worn video cameras they also identify a number of caveats. We conclude by suggesting that there are still impediments in body-worn video cameras to achieving the level of accountability promised by advocates and expected by the respondents.

scholarly journals Videodialysis: a pilot experience of telecare for assisted peritoneal dialysis

2019 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 177-182 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giusto Viglino ◽  
Loris Neri ◽  
Sara Barbieri ◽  
Catia Tortone
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Care ◽  
Video Camera ◽  
Telemedicine System ◽  
Home Video ◽  
Video Cameras ◽  
Psychological Barriers ◽  
Know How ◽  
Remote Station ◽  
Audio Video

Abstract Background We report our experience with Videodialysis (VD), a new telemedicine system created in our Center to overcome physical, cognitive and psychological barriers to PD. Methods We analyzed the technical and clinical care results of VD in the period from 01/01/2009 to 12/31/2018. Results The VD components are: a Remote Station at the patient’s home (video camera, monitor, microphone, technological connectivity box), and a Control Station in the Center (PC with high resolution monitor, webcam, speakerphone) with software that manages 6 audio-video connections simultaneously as well as the Remote Station video cameras. In 2015 a second model of VD was designed to further improve ease of transport, installation, user interface, software functionality and connectivity. VD proved to be highly reliable during 21,000 connections, and easy to use by patients/caregivers without technological skills. During the observational period, 107 patients started PD; of these 77 had barriers to PD: in 15 we overcame the barriers by VD-Assisted PD and in 62 we used other modalities of Assisted PD. During a follow-up of 285 months on VD-Assisted, 5 patients died, 3 were transferred to HD (UFF; leakage; onset of barriers insurmountable with VD), 3 to traditional Assisted PD and 4 remained on VD-Assisted PD. Peritonitis incidence in VD-Assisted PD was 1/84.2 pt/mths, not significantly different to that of the patients not using VD. Sense of confidence was the aspect most highly-appreciated by VD-Assisted PD patients. Conclusions VD-Assisted PD is a reliable, safe system which requires no technological know-how and it is easy to use when self-care is not possible due to physical, cognitive or psychological barriers.

scholarly journals Imaging Large Tissue Samples at High Resolution

2000 ◽  
Vol 8 (7) ◽  
pp. 31-31
Author(s):  
Robert Meyer
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Fundamental Problem ◽  
Digital Cameras ◽  
Image Capture ◽  
Tissue Samples ◽  
Video Cameras ◽  
Conventional Technology ◽  
High Resolution Images ◽  
Display Resolution ◽  
Frame Grabber

To those scientists and researchers who use microscopes with video or digital cameras for the purpose of capture and display, there has always existed a fundamental problem, namely, imaging large tissue samples at high resolution.For some time, conventional technology has allowed video cameras to be attached to microscopes. The signal generated by these cameras can be captured and saved to a computer's hard drive using a frame grabber. A typical image capture and display resolution is 640 by 480 (307,200) pixels. Although the image produced is ‘good’, it is by no means considered ‘high resolution’. For the sake of discussion, ‘high resolution’ is defined as greater than 1,000 x 1,000 (1,000,000) pixels. High resolution images are essential for medical applications. Today's modern digital cameras can meet or exceed this value. The human eye, if compared to these examples, has the equivalent resolution of greater than 5,000 x 5,000 (25,000,000) pixels.

Conducting qualitative video research with young children

2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 238-247 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kelly Shoecraft ◽  
Bev Flückiger
Keyword(s):  
Young Children ◽  
Video Recording ◽  
Video Camera ◽  
Practical Experience ◽  
Recording Technology ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Video Cameras ◽  
Video Recordings ◽  
Learning Through Play ◽  
Rich Data

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to explore the practical use of video cameras during a study with young children. Design/methodology/approach This paper investigates the use of video cameras in a research study of young children’s utilisation of semiotic tools to communicate during play interactions in a Francophone preschool classroom in British Columbia. It examines the practical in-the-moment decision making of the researcher to support children’s accommodation of the video camera in their play space and ensure rich data were recorded. Findings Children accommodated the video cameras in four distinct ways. These included: curiosity and investigation of the video cameras; engagement in the video recording process with the researcher; incorporation of the video cameras into their play; and disregard of it. Practical implications The findings suggest that video recordings can be an effective method of data collection with young children and provide rich sources of data of the children and their learning through play when the researcher is flexible and responsive and supports children’s accommodation of it. Originality/value Recent advances in recording technology have resulted in the increased use of video recordings as a resource for gathering empirical data in qualitative research. Whilst the ethical considerations related to the use of video recordings as data for analysis in research with young children have been the subject of some discussion (Flewitt, 2005), the practical experience of using video cameras has received less attention.

scholarly journals Mental Health Intergenerational Transmission (MHINT) Process Manual

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ilaria Costantini ◽  
Miguel Angel Cordero ◽  
Amy Campbell ◽  
Romana Burgess ◽  
Kiran Glen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Individual Differences ◽  
Intergenerational Transmission ◽  
Video Camera ◽  
Ease Of Use ◽  
Video Cameras ◽  
Independent Variables ◽  
Coding Scheme ◽  
General Rules ◽  
Behaviour Group

Within this manual you will find a descriptive guide to the MHINT coding procedure, general rules for coding, and detailed descriptions of each ‘behaviour group’ with illustrative examples.This manual aims to capture as many relevant behaviours for the evaluation of an interaction as possible, with the underlying hypothesis that individual differences in behaviours can occur subtly and that micro-behaviours are of great importance because they provide specific targets for intervention.The coding scheme can be applied to footage obtained from video cameras installed in the home, those used by an observer, or as in our own research, through wearable headcams and a ‘spy’ photo-frame video camera (Lee et al., 2017). Combined, these methods give the observer the opportunity to code behaviours from different perspectives and, interestingly, to obtain the perspective of the participants. The advantages of this approach are explained in Lee et al. (2017).For ease of use, this manual has been divided into five different sections: perspectives, independent variables, subjects, behaviours, and modifiers. To begin, each of these terms is defined.

scholarly journals Smartphones and Video Cameras: Future Methods for Blood Pressure Measurement

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joe Steinman ◽  
Andrew Barszczyk ◽  
Hong-Shuo Sun ◽  
Kang Lee ◽  
Zhong-Ping Feng
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Cardiovascular Health ◽  
Blood Pressure Measurement ◽  
Video Camera ◽  
Machine Learning Techniques ◽  
Video Cameras ◽  
Lighting Conditions ◽  
Home Based ◽  
Learning Techniques

Regular blood pressure (BP) monitoring enables earlier detection of hypertension and reduces cardiovascular disease. Cuff-based BP measurements require equipment that is inconvenient for some individuals and deters regular home-based monitoring. Since smartphones contain sensors such as video cameras that detect arterial pulsations, they could also be used to assess cardiovascular health. Researchers have developed a variety of image processing and machine learning techniques for predicting BP via smartphone or video camera. This review highlights research behind smartphone and video camera methods for measuring BP. These methods may in future be used at home or in clinics, but must be tested over a larger range of BP and lighting conditions. The review concludes with a discussion of the advantages of the various techniques, their potential clinical applications, and future directions and challenges. Video cameras may potentially measure multiple cardiovascular metrics including and beyond BP, reducing the risk of cardiovascular disease.

scholarly journals Conversion of Video Surveillance System into Measurement System based on Video Camera

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (12) ◽  
pp. 400-404
Keyword(s):  
Video Surveillance ◽  
Measurement System ◽  
Surveillance System ◽  
Measurement Errors ◽  
Video Camera ◽  
Video Surveillance System ◽  
Video Cameras ◽  
Measurement Systems ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages

This work reviews measurement systems applied for static and dynamic detection of object coordinates as well as acquiring information of their position at various distances. The market of measurement systems based on video cameras has been analyzed. Their classification is presented, fields of application are described, advantages and disadvantages are summarized for each type of measurement systems. In addition, it has been revealed that the frequency and extent of measurement errors depend not only on the quality on system components but also on numerous other factors, such as light flare, microvibrations, thermal expansion, etc. The review of measurement systems is necessary for determination of the most efficient method of conversion of video surveillance system into measurement system.

scholarly journals Computer and Physical Modeling for Verification of the Stereo System Calibration Parameters Optimization Results

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vladislav Pinchukov ◽  
Ekaterina Shmatko ◽  
Anton Poroykov ◽  
Artem Bogachev
Keyword(s):  
Physical Modeling ◽  
Video Camera ◽  
Parameters Optimization ◽  
Surface Shape ◽  
Experimental Investigations ◽  
System Calibration ◽  
Video Cameras ◽  
Close Range ◽  
Optimizing Algorithm ◽  
Calibration Parameters

Close-range photogrammetry is widely used to measure surface shapes and diagnose deformation. Usually, a stereo system of video cameras is used to register images of the measured object from several different angles. The surface shape is determined by triangulating a set of 2D points from these images. Triangulation uses the stereo system calibration parameters, which are determined before the experiment. Measurements during conditions with increased vibration loads can lead to a change in the relative position of the cameras of the stereo system (decalibration). This leads to a change in the actual calibration parameters and an increase in the measurement error. The decalibration problem can be solved using multidimensional optimization algorithms. To verify their calculation's results it is proposed to use a computer and physical modeling of decalibration of a video camera stereo system in laboratory conditions. The paper presents the implementation of the optimizing algorithm for the external parameters of a stereo system and the results of its performance during the experimental investigations.

Evaluation of hydromorphological conditions of Grand Popo Beach using two unique video cameras

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-36
Author(s):  
KoueKam K. Arnaud ◽  
Frédéric Bonou ◽  
Zacharie Sohou ◽  
Donatus B. Angnuureng ◽  
Rafael Almar
Keyword(s):  
Video Camera ◽  
Spatial And Temporal Patterns ◽  
Peak Period ◽  
Video Cameras ◽  
Significant Wave ◽  
Wave Heights ◽  
Wave Energy Flux ◽  
Significant Wave Heights ◽  
Erosion And Accretion ◽  
The Impact

Beaches are characterized by complex spatial and temporal patterns of erosion and accretion subjected to significant wave and tide influence. The objective of this study is to estimate the evolution of hydromorphodynamic conditions on the shoreline of Grand Popo Beach observed from two adjacent video camera setups. We have analyzed the impact of the variability of hydrodynamic parameters on the beach evolution and evaluated the variabilities of the hydrodynamic and morphologic parameters from the two cameras. Despite the nonhomogeneity within the cameras’ intrinsic properties, the various results obtained from the two systems indicate that wave conditions (peak period and significant height) from the cameras have the same variations, whereas the shoreline variations of camera A are not the same as those of camera B. It is generally during the summer that the Grand Popo Beach is exposed to an agitated environment with strong observed values of significant wave heights and wave energy flux, undoubtedly resulting in significant sediment transport along the beach leading a shoreline retreat. The results indicate that in 3.5 years the shoreline of Grand Popo Beach has retreated by 10 m.

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