Inexpensive Multi-Patient Respiratory Monitoring System for Helmet Ventilation During Covid-19 Pandemic

Helmet continuous positive applied pressure is a form of non-invasive ventilation (NIV) that has been used to provide respiratory support to COVID-19 patients. Helmet NIV is low-cost, readily available, provides viral filters between the patient and clinician, and may reduce the need for invasive ventilation. Its widespread adoption has been limited, however, by the lack of a respiratory monitoring system needed to address known safety vulnerabilities and to monitor patients. To address these safety and clinical needs, we developed an inexpensive respiratory monitoring system based on readily available components suitable for local manufacture. Open-source design and manufacturing documents are provided. The monitoring system comprises flow, pressure and CO2 sensors on the expiratory path of the helmet circuit and a central remote station to monitor up to 20 patients. The system is validated in bench tests, in human-subject tests on healthy volunteers, and in experiments that compare respiratory features obtained at the expiratory path to simultaneous ground-truth measurements from proximal sensors. Measurements of flow and pressure at the expiratory path are shown to deviate at high flow rates, and the tidal volumes reported via the expiratory path are systematically underestimated. Helmet monitoring systems exhibit high-flow rate, non-linear effects from flow and helmet dynamics. These deviations are found to be within a reasonable margin and should, in principle, allow for calibration, correction and deployment of clinically accurate derived quantities.

Ammonia Monitoring in Aquarium for Fish Protection and Alert Generation

Fish is an important species that benefits human life in several ways. Fisheries are the best food provider and also aquarium is used at home and public places which becomes decoration cum mind relaxing item. There are lot of attack to fish which goes unnoticed. Large number fish die due to the ammonia (NH3) produced as a by product of protea metabolism and is the most common waste product of fish. There is a given level of ammonia that becomes dangerous and leads to death of the fish. One of the solutions to this issue is to monitor ammonia in aquarium for fish protection and alert generation. A prototype is developed for monitoring the ammonia in the fish tank using Intern is used for protection and alert generation. Ammonia is monitored by measuring pH values. In this project a prototype model is developed that is connected through Internet of Things (IoT) such that it can be monitored in a remote station through mobile app. The prototype model includes an LCD display for local readout. The project will reach the benefit to many engaged in fisheries industry and also who are using Aquarium.

Solar Powered Smart Irrigation System

This paper addresses water scarcity and electricity crisis by designing and implementing smart irrigation system. This system presents the details of a solar-powered automated irrigation system that turns ON/OFF the motor to pass water through the pump required to soil depending on the soil moisture, hence this system minimize the wastage of water. Soil moisture sensor sense the humidity of soil which is transmitted to a remote station. This data will be analyzed and used to pass out water by water pump. This system conserves electricity and conserves water. It is the proposed solution for the now a days energy crisis for the Indian farmers. Cost-effective solar power can be the answer to our energy needs. Solar powered smart irrigation systems are the acknowledgement to the Indian farmer.This system does not work at night in areas without a grid.

ZigBee standard implementation for a wireless temperature system

This project is concerned with the application of the ZigBee communication standard for implementing a temperature measurement system. Due to ZigBee's low-power and low data rate features, it is ideal for analog sensor systems. Digi's ZigBee devices called XBee are used in this project. The XBee devices meet all the ZigBee standard. The XBee device has the advantage of being programmed with API firmware (application programming interface). XBee's API provides fast and reliable communication between the remote stations and the base station. The remote station has three different modules: power supply, temperature sensor and XBee device. The power supply is designed to output 3.3V. The temperature sensor is designed so that the output stays within the XBee's maximum analog input voltage range of 0V to 1.2V. The XBee device is programmed as a router. The base station has three different modules: Arduino microcontroller, LCD display and XBee device. The Arduino is programmed to receive the analog readings from the XBee device and convert them into temperature readings The temperature readings are displayed on the LCD display. The XBee device is programmed as a coordinator. The design successfully worked for 3 remote stations and 1 base station.

ZigBee standard implementation for a wireless temperature system

This project is concerned with the application of the ZigBee communication standard for implementing a temperature measurement system. Due to ZigBee's low-power and low data rate features, it is ideal for analog sensor systems. Digi's ZigBee devices called XBee are used in this project. The XBee devices meet all the ZigBee standard. The XBee device has the advantage of being programmed with API firmware (application programming interface). XBee's API provides fast and reliable communication between the remote stations and the base station. The remote station has three different modules: power supply, temperature sensor and XBee device. The power supply is designed to output 3.3V. The temperature sensor is designed so that the output stays within the XBee's maximum analog input voltage range of 0V to 1.2V. The XBee device is programmed as a router. The base station has three different modules: Arduino microcontroller, LCD display and XBee device. The Arduino is programmed to receive the analog readings from the XBee device and convert them into temperature readings The temperature readings are displayed on the LCD display. The XBee device is programmed as a coordinator. The design successfully worked for 3 remote stations and 1 base station.

Animal Health Monitoring and Intrusion Detection System based on LORAWAN

In this paper, two important aspects of wildlife monitoring namely Health monitoring and Animal-vehicle collision (AVC) avoidance are addressed. Wildlife health monitoring is an important requirement in forest management. This necessitates monitoring the wellbeing and tracking of animals. In this work, temperature sensor and heart rate sensor are used to monitor the health condition of elephants. The sensors will give an indication, if the elephant’s body temperature and heart rate are not in range. An animal tracking system using Global Positioning System (GPS) is provided for remotely monitoring animal position. Internet of Things (IoT) technology is used to transmit the collected data from the sensors to a remote station where the data is stored in a database. If there is any critical condition identified, the system alerts the concerned officers/veterinary doctors to provide necessary treatment immediately. AVC is another important issue that affects wildlife heavily. In order to counteract AVC, a unified approach of Smart Animal Intrusion Detection System that monitors the movement of animals by integrating a number of sensors with LoRaWAN network, is proposed in this paper. Performance analysis of the proposed system is investigated using CupCarbon Software.

Smart Internet of Things Based Induction Motor Parameter Monitoring and Control System

Automation is the use of various control systems for operating equipment such as machinery, processes in industries such as boilers and heat treating ovens, switching on telephone networks, steering and stabilization of ships, aircraft and other applications with minimal or reduced human intervention. This research paper presents advanced approaches using wireless monitoring system for induction motor based on Internet of Things (IoT) for safe and economic data communication. n the first approach, state of the art fault detection strategy is exhibited for induction motor. This research paper depends on the assessment of measured voltage, current, earth leakage, rotor status and speed. Progressed embedded strategy and utilized to isolate and survey the disappointment seriousness. In this procedure, distinctive sensors are associated with the motor, and the quantities are extracted by utilizing a microcontroller. The Graphical User Interface (GUI) with cloud server IoT is used to transmit the data from base station to remote station. This arrangement allows the client to interface with the framework. The proposed research paper based induction motor control system is validated through the simulation in Raspberry Pi 3 environment.

The geomagnetic field behavior inside Vrancea zone (Romania) in correlation with tectonic, atmospheric and solar activity

<p>The present study assesses two signal processing methods on geomagnetic data to detect precursory signals appearing before M>5.0 Vrancea, Romania earthquakes occurred between 2016 and 2021. Geomagnetic data are obtained from Muntele Rosu Seismological Observatory situated in one corner of Vrancea seismogenic zone – as primary station, and from Intermagnet Surlari National Geomagnetic Observatory of IGR, located about 150Km South-East to Vrancea zone as remote station respectively. The first method, the diurnal variation ratio method computes difference between daily maximum with minimum value before finding ratio of primary to remote station for each individual component. The second method, the polarization ratio analysis is performed on both stations data to compute the ratio of vertical to total horizontal component in ultra-low frequency range. Geomagnetic indices taken from NOAA/Space Weather Prediction Center are compared to separate the global variation from seismo-electromagnetic anomalies possibly presented in a seismic area like Vrancea zone and to ensure that any geomagnetic fluctuations are not caused by solar-terrestrial effect.</p><p>In the end, the paper aims to compare the results from both methods in term of reliability and effectiveness.</p><p>Acknowledgements. This work was funded by: PN19 08 01 01/2019 Multirisc Nucleu Project, by MCI , Phenomenal Project PN-III-P2-2.1-PED-2019-1693, 480PED/2020 and AFROS Project PN-III-P4-ID-PCE-2020-1361, PCE/2021 supported by UEFISCDI</p>