Mathematical Model of Infrared Heating of Body Parts of Cars and Tractors During Restoration with Polymer Materials

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roman Lee ◽  
Dmitry Psarev ◽  
Andrey Bykonya ◽  
Maria Kiba ◽  
Anton Melnikov
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Polymer Materials ◽  
Infrared Heating ◽  
Body Parts

scholarly journals Matrix-graph model of the polymer materials destruction process

2018 ◽  
Vol 80 (3) ◽  
pp. 50-55
Author(s):  
A. A. Khvostov ◽  
S. G. Tikhomirov ◽  
I. A. Khaustov ◽  
A. A. Zhuravlev ◽  
A. V. Karmanov
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Molecular Weight Distribution ◽  
Weight Distribution ◽  
Graph Model ◽  
Polymer Materials ◽  
Simulation Environment ◽  
Destruction Process ◽  
Molecular Weights ◽  
The Mathematical Model

The paper deals with the problem of mathematical modeling of the process of thermochemical destruction using the theory of graphs. To synthesize a mathematical model, the Markov chain is used. For the formalization of the model a matrix-graph method of coding is used. It is proposed to consider the process of destruction as a random process, under which the state of the system changes, characterized by the proportion of macromolecules in each fraction of the molecular mass distribution. The intensities of transitions from state to state characterize the corresponding rates of destruction processes for each fraction of the molecular weight distribution (MWD). The processes of crosslinking and polymerization in this work have been neglected, and it is accepted that there is a probability of transition from any state with a lower order index (corresponding to fractions with higher molecular weights) to any state with a higher index (corresponding fractions with lower molecular weights). A computational formula is presented for estimating the number of arcs and model parameters from a given number of fractions of the molecular weight distribution of the polymer. An example of coding in a matrix form of a graph model of the process of degradation of polybutadiene in solution for the case of six fractions of the molecular weight distribution is shown. As the simulation environment, the interactive graphical simulation environment of MathWorks Simulink is used. To evaluate the parameters of the mathematical model, experimental studies of the degradation of polybutadiene in solution were carried out. The chromatography of the polybutadiene solution was used as the initial data for the estimation of the MWD polymer. The considered matrix-graph representation of the structure of the mathematical model of the polymer destruction process makes it possible to simplify the compilation of the model and its software implementation in the case of a large number of vertices of the graph describing the process of destruction

scholarly journals Research on an Anthropomorphic Phantom for Evaluation of the Medical Device Electromagnetic Field Exposure SAR

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (10) ◽  
pp. 1929 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shu Li ◽  
Zengwen Su ◽  
Hao Wang ◽  
Quan Wang ◽  
Haiping Ren
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Electromagnetic Radiation ◽  
Medical Device ◽  
Medical Devices ◽  
Debye Model ◽  
World Health ◽  
Endurance Capacity ◽  
Body Parts ◽  
Anthropomorphic Phantom ◽  
Field Exposure

A medical device will emit electromagnetic radiation to its surrounding environment either actively or passively. However, clinicians are unaware as to whether the ambient electromagnetic radiation will exceed the human body’s endurance capacity. In this paper, the mathematical model of electromagnetic parameters devoted to Specific Absorption Rate (SAR) testing of medical devices was established using a Debye Model. Body liquids featuring dielectric properties including the conductivity and permittivity of tissues at various body parts were simulated on the basis of results derived from the model. A simplified anthropomorphic phantom for the SAR test was founded on the basis of geometric parameters by following the principles of resemblance and consistent conductivity. A full-band electromagnetic mathematical model of brain, muscle, heart, lungs, stomach, and kidneys was set up. Electromagnetic radiation levels of a wearable Electrocardiograph monitoring device were measured and found that the maximum electric field intensity was up to 30 V/m, and the electromagnetic radiation SAR value was 0.96 W/kg, which were equivalent to the electromagnetic radiation exposure of the occupational group. The results established that electromagnetic radiation of certain medical devices exceeded the allowed values specified by the World Health Organization (WHO). Therefore, further studies within the field of medicine are required to decide whether additional evaluation measures should be required.

Research on Design Method of Radiation Field Used for Soft-Base Coat Infrared Drying

2011 ◽  
Vol 347-353 ◽  
pp. 3046-3049
Author(s):  
Xing Jia Liu
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Energy Saving ◽  
Radiation Field ◽  
Infrared Radiation ◽  
Design Method ◽  
Reference Value ◽  
Structure Design ◽  
Infrared Heating ◽  
Uniform Temperature ◽  
Infrared Drying

According to the characteristics and difficulties of the soft-base coat drying, the approach of solving the temperature sensitivity through the furnace type structure design as well as the mechanical and electrical chain design is put forward. The form of the infrared radiation field used for soft-base coat drying is determined. By analyzing the characteristics of the infrared heating element and its reflection equipment, a mathematical model of radiation is proposed, and by using of the results and programs obtained from the model, the scientific design method of infrared radiation field is presented. The problem of requirements for uniform temperature of the soft-base coat is solved by infrared radiation field design and movement of belt. By taking the energy saving reconstruction of an infrared blast furnace as an instance, the effectiveness of the proposed method is verified. The design method not only has guiding significance to the design of soft-base coat infrared drying, but also has reference value to other types of infrared heating design for energy saving .

scholarly journals INVESTIGATION OF THE THREE-LINK CRAWLING ROBOTS MOVEMENT ON THE NONDETERMINATED SURFACE

2018 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 6-14
Author(s):  
S. F. Jatsun ◽  
L. Yu. Vorochaeva ◽  
A. V. Malchikov ◽  
А. S. Yatsun
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Robot Motion ◽  
Rough Terrain ◽  
Body Parts ◽  
Closed Space ◽  
Straight Line ◽  
Full Scale Tests ◽  
Electronic Compass ◽  
Theoretical Results ◽  
Wheel Track

Bionic principles of locomotion are the most promising for displacement and transporting equipment under the most difficult conditions. Robots gait based on the changing shape of the robots body and interaction with the surface by body parts, can find application when moving over rough terrain, in a closed space of technological and natural cavities, where the use of wheel-track or walking principle is not possible. In this paper, we propose the design of a three-link crawling robot equipped with two-coordinate active joints. The robot is equipped by supporting elements. Some supporting elements has adjustable friction coefficients, which allows realize various types of movement algorithms of the device. The article presents a mathematical model of a three-link crawling robot, which allows to study the process of robot movement, including case when the coefficients of friction of the surface under the supports are not equal to each other. In practice, the surface will most often have an inhomogeneous nondeterministic structure, which will lead to a deviation in straight-line motion. The paper proposes an algorithm and a diagram of an automatic control system that allows robot to move along a given path despite the indeterminate surface. This is achieved by using additional sensors: a digital electronic compass, an accelerometer, a GPS module. The paper presents the results of computational experiments and the results obtained during the full-scale tests of the prototype of a three-link robot motion. At the end of the article, a comparative analysis of the experimental and theoretical results confirming the adequacy of the developed mathematical model and computational algorithms is presented.

Research on Multi-Process Route Decision-Making of Warm Forming for Projectile Bodies

2010 ◽  
Vol 97-101 ◽  
pp. 3703-3707
Author(s):  
Shao Jin Yan ◽  
Zhi Min Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Decision Making ◽  
Warm Forming ◽  
Search Process ◽  
Body Parts ◽  
Forming Process ◽  
Process Route ◽  
Feature Based ◽  
Sets Theory ◽  
Polychromatic Sets Theory

A method of using polychromatic sets theory to define the multi-process routes is proposed to solve the problem of process decision-making during the manufacturing process of warm forming for projectile bodies. First, the description of feature-based information model and modeling method of projectile body parts are studied and then a process mathematical model including a contour comprising matrix and a polychromatic graph is established on polychromatic sets theory, last a search process of warm forming process path is given and an application example is also given in the paper.

scholarly journals Influence of Processing Parameters on Tensile Properties of SLS Polymer Product

Polymers ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 1208 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Pilipović ◽  
Tomaž Brajlih ◽  
Igor Drstvenšek
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Energy Density ◽  
Laser Beam ◽  
Tensile Properties ◽  
Layer Thickness ◽  
Laser Power ◽  
Processing Parameters ◽  
Polymer Materials ◽  
Manufacturing Strategy

Polymer products manufactured by additive processes are today increasingly flooding the market. Given that they have broad application ranging from various consumer products to medicine and automotive industry, the products must satisfy certain mechanical properties. In the past studies of selective laser sintering (SLS) for polymer materials, the processing parameter of energy density has been confirmed which affects the tensile properties. Energy density depends on the laser beam speed, laser power and hatch distance; however, in this paper the existing mathematical model has been expanded by the overlay ratio and tests have been conducted how on the basis of the new mathematical model a product with good tensile properties (tensile strength, tensile strength at break, tensile modulus, tensile strain at break) can be manufactured. However, in parameter selection as well, the layer thickness and the manufacturing strategy also play a role, and they may shorten the time and reduce the cost necessary to manufacture a new product from the initial concept to production. The paper also provides a proposal of processing parameters (laser beam speed, laser power and energy density) depending on the manufacturing strategy and layer thickness.

Study on Torsion-Eliminating Performance of Laterally Interconnected Air Suspension

2014 ◽  
Vol 596 ◽  
pp. 17-21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhong Xing Li ◽  
Long Yu Ju ◽  
Hong Jiang ◽  
Xing Xu
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Test Bench ◽  
The Body ◽  
Body Parts ◽  
Full Vehicle ◽  
Air Suspension ◽  
Spring Force ◽  
Working Principle ◽  
The Right ◽  
The Mathematical Model

Laterally interconnected air suspension combines the right and left air springs with pneumatic pipes, which can protect the auto-body parts from fatigue damage and increase the service life of vehicles. The mathematical model of full vehicle with laterally interconnected air suspension was established based on the analysis of its working principle, and a test bench was built. The simulation and experimental results show that, laterally interconnected air suspension can reduce the peak of dynamic body torsion load effectively, especially for steady state conditions, in which the body torsion load caused by the spring force can be nearly eliminated.

scholarly journals STUDY OF DEFORMATION PROPERTIES OF COMPOSITES WITH A HYBRID MATRIX BY THE METHOD OF DYNAMIC AND MECHANICAL ANALYSIS

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (10) ◽  
pp. 81-89
Author(s):  
E. Kosenko
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Analysis ◽  
Polymer Materials ◽  
Body Parts ◽  
Liquid Component ◽  
Hybrid Matrix ◽  
Organosilicon Polymer ◽  
Deformation Properties ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Complex Parts ◽  
Properties Of Composites

Polymer and composite materials (PCMs) are widely used in various industries for production of small but complex parts and large-sized body parts subjected to significant loads. The production of more critical parts from PCM has led to the need to develop new compositions, structures and technologies for molding composites. The manufacturing technology of PCMs with a hybrid matrix is presented, one of the components of which retains its "liquid" state after the molding of the products, and the second is completely solid. In the resulting composite, the “liquid” components form an independent phase and together with the main binder material, the PCMs represent a hybrid matrix. The results of dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) of basalt plastics with hybrid matrices, in which the composition of the “liquid” component are anaerobic technical wax and organosilicon polymer materials, are presented. DMA is performed on samples of two types: № 1 - samples with a low content of "liquid" components in the matrix and № 2 - samples with a high content of "liquid" components in the matrix. According to the results of the tests carried out, the best characteristics among PCMs with various types of hybrid matrices are possessed by samples with an organosilicon polymer material in the matrix

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