Effects of supplemental phytic acid on the apparent digestibility and utilization of dietary amino acids and minerals in juvenile grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idellus )

2017 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 850-857 ◽  
Author(s):  
L.W. Liu ◽  
X.-F. Liang ◽  
J. Li ◽  
X.C. Yuan ◽  
J.G. Fang
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Phytic Acid ◽  
Grass Carp ◽  
Apparent Digestibility ◽  
Ctenopharyngodon Idellus ◽  
Dietary Amino Acids

Effect of microbial phytase on apparent digestibility of amino acids and minerals in diet of female broiler chickens

2005 ◽  
Vol 2005 ◽  
pp. 164-164
Author(s):  
A. Hassanabadi ◽  
H. Nassiri Moghaddam ◽  
H. Kermanshahi
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Phytic Acid ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Grain Legumes ◽  
Poultry Feed ◽  
Broiler Chicks ◽  
Dietary Proteins ◽  
Apparent Digestibility ◽  
Subsequent Decrease ◽  
Microbial Phytase

Phytic acid is the main storage form of P in grains and seeds. Cereals and grain legumes that are commonly used as poultry feed ingredients have similar phytate levels, approximating 0.25 percent of dry matter (Ravindran et al., 1995). There is not enough phytase activity in the digestive tract of chickens to digest phytate (Maenz and Classen, 1998). Phytate contributes to environmental pollution by reducing mineral and N bioavailability. The capacity of phytic acid to bind minerals reduces the utilization of P, Ca, Zn, Fe and N from plant ingredients by chickens (Sell et al., 2000). Phytate may form complexes with proteases, such as trypsin and pepsin in the gastrointestinal tract (Singh and Kricorian, 1982). These complexes may reduce the activity of digestive enzymes with a subsequent decrease in the digestibility of dietary proteins. It has been reported that microbial phytase improves the utilization of amino acids (Ravindran et al., 1999) and minerals in broiler chicks. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the effect of microbial phytase on the apparent digestibility of amino acids (AA) and some minerals in the diet of female broiler chickens.

scholarly journals The Attractive Effects of Amino Acid and Some Classical Substances on Grass Carp (Ctenopharyngodon Idellus)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haojie Yu ◽  
Xiaoyu Wang ◽  
Fanshuang Kong ◽  
Qingsong Tan
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Grass Carp ◽  
Suppressive Effect ◽  
The Other ◽  
Ctenopharyngodon Idellus ◽  
Behavioral Tests ◽  
Compound A ◽  
Maze Test ◽  
Feeding Stimulation

Abstract Grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idellus) is one of the most essential fishing species in China. The bait for this fish is rapidly developing. However, the study on the attractants in the bait for this fish lacks. This study was designed to systematically investigate the effects of 16 kinds of stimuli on the perspective of behaviour and physiology of grass carp by using different kinds of methods, including behavioral tests (maze test and biting-balls test) and electro-olfactogram (EOG). Our experiment's idea is mainly to imitate: in addition to vision, fish in nature also use smell to find food and finally swallow under the action of olfaction, taste and other sensory systems. Firstly, the behavioral maze test was used to screen the attractive or suppressive effect of 16 stimuli on grass carp and the electronic olfactory recording method was used to further evaluate the olfactory response of grass carp to the eight stimuli selected from the maze test. Then, the best concentrations of these eight stimuli and their combination were investigated by the biting-balls test to compound a formula with the strongest appetite for grass carp. The results of behavioral maze test showed that DMPT, DMT, glycine, Taurine, L-glutamic, L-alanine, L-proline, L-arginine have different degrees of useful in attracting grass carp. The electro-olfactogram recoding showed that the EOG response of grass carp to the stimuli is a transient biphasic potential change and all of the eight stimuli could induce the EOG response of grass carp. The biting-balls test showed that glycine, L-glutamic, L-arginine at 10–2 mol/L had significant feeding stimulation and DMT at 10–1 mol/L had significant feeding stimulation than the other groups. Finally, formula 9 composed of DMT, glycine, L-glutamic acid and L-arginine has the greatest attraction for grass carp. The results of this study verified the attractive effect of some amino acids and other chemicals on grass carp fishing, and would provide support for the production of specific grass carp attractants.

scholarly journals Slight Increases in Salinity Improve Muscle Quality of Grass Carp (Ctenopharyngodon idellus)

Fishes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xi Zhang ◽  
Zhiyuan Shen ◽  
Tianpeng Qi ◽  
Rujuan Xi ◽  
Xiao Liang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Grass Carp ◽  
Amino Acid Content ◽  
Fish Muscle ◽  
Muscle Quality ◽  
Ctenopharyngodon Idellus ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Aquaculture Industry ◽  
Water Holding

Fish muscle quality is an important parameter in the aquaculture industry. In this study, we analyzed and compared the muscle quality of grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idellus) cultured at salinities of 0‰, 3‰, and 6‰ (GC0, GC3, GC6). There was no significant difference in crude protein and crude fat content of muscle between GC0 and GC3. Crude fat was significantly lower in GC6 compared to the other groups. GC3 and GC6 had higher hydroxyproline content, which suggested that these groups had higher collagen content. GC3 and GC6 had higher contents of free amino acids and umami amino acids than GC0, but there was no significant difference in sweet or sour amino-acid content among groups. GC3 and GC6 had better texture properties, including hardness, gumminess, chewiness, resilience, and springiness, than GC0. GC3 had the highest water-holding capacity among the groups. As the salinity increased, the diameter of muscle fibers decreased and the sarcolemma showed a thickening trend. These results suggest that a slight increase in salinity (i.e., 3‰) can effectively improve the muscle quality of grass carp.

scholarly journals Feeding Behaviour and Bioavailability of Essential Amino Acids in Shrimp Penaeus monodon Fed Fresh and Leached Fishmeal and Fishmeal-Free Diets

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 847
Author(s):  
Cedric J. Simon ◽  
Ha Truong ◽  
Natalie Habilay ◽  
Barney Hines
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Feeding Behaviour ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Penaeus Monodon ◽  
Essential Amino Acids ◽  
Apparent Digestibility ◽  
Complete Replacement ◽  
Leaching Losses ◽  
Dietary Amino Acids ◽  
Insight Into

The complete replacement of fishmeal with terrestrial meals did not have a negative impact on the attractiveness, palatability, and apparent digestibility of the formulation. Shrimp were found on average to eat more and have similar appetite revival on the terrestrial meal-based formulation (TM) diet compared to the traditional fishmeal-based formulation (FM) diet. However, methionine (Met) and lysine (Lys) leached out rapidly from the TM diet, and as a result, this initially overfortified diet showed lower levels of those AA in comparison to FM after 60 min immersion. Both dietary Lys and Met were sub-optimal in TM within 120 min of immersion, whereas in comparison, the FM diet supplied consistent levels of EAA for up to 240 min immersion. Nonetheless, shrimp fed fresh TM had significantly higher peak haemolymph concentrations at 30 and 60 min for total AA, Met, and Lys than FM-fed shrimp. The over-supply of CAA far compensated leaching losses, and CAA were well absorbed and used by the shrimp within 120 min, with no obvious signs of asynchronous absorption of CAA to protein-bound AA. However, shrimp fed the TM diet that had leached out for 60 min, had haemolymph concentrations of Met and Lys that were only 41% and 44% of the ones on fresh feed respectively, while there was a negligible effect of leaching on FM. This study provides further insight into the feeding behaviour and bioavailability of dietary amino acids for P. monodon juveniles.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document