The social messages of Civil War monuments

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erin L. Thompson
Keyword(s):  
2013 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 71
Author(s):  
Lina P. Valsamidou

In the present study we investigate, record and discuss icons with asocial content, their type, their signifieds and ideological significations,wishing to extract useful conclusions regarding the use of icons in schoolnewspapers as vehicles of social messages. The research material comprises intotal 252 images with a social content found in the columns of schoolnewspapers, whereas the collection of the sample was based on the study of 64school newspaper issues coming from 32 titles of primary school newspapers fromall over Greece that were published in 2004-2006. All in all, it appears that social iconic publications create theeditors’ vivid interest, as they find their way mostly in the inside pages ofnewspapers. The analysis of the icons as to their signifieds places emphasis onthe dominant ideological forms: the signifieds of historic anniversaries,school life and environmental education come before the others, which in turnsuggests the dominant ideological trends, history-school-environment/ecology:a triptych that emerges through the social-iconic choices of those involved inpublishing school newspapers.Keywords: visual social publications, schoolnewspapers, semiotic analysis, students-journalists


Author(s):  
Pau Palop-García

Abstract This chapter outlines the social protection policies that Spain has adopted to target Spanish nationals abroad. First, it describes the diaspora infrastructure and the key engagement policies developed in the last years by Spain. Subsequently, the chapter focuses on five social protection policies: unemployment, health care, pensions, family-related benefits, and economic hardship. The findings reveal that Spain has adopted a diaspora strategy that targets different emigrant groups such as exiles of the Civil War and early Francoism and their descendants, Spaniards that emigrated to other European countries during the 1950s and 1960s, and new emigrants that left the country due to the consequences of the financial crisis of 2008. Findings also show that, although Spain has developed a wide array of services to target its diverse diaspora, it still lacks a comprehensive scheme of social protection abroad. Moreover, the results suggest that Spain has adopted a subsidiary social policy strategy abroad that is triggered when the social protection offered by states of reception is lacking.


Author(s):  
Deviana Mayasari

Abstrak: Masyarakat memandang tradisi merariq ini sebagai sebuah warisan yang harus mereka jaga dan lestarikan, karena di dalamnya mengandung makna yang menurut mereka patut untuk dipertahankan, meski sudah mengalami sedikit pergeseran di dalam tata caranya, akan tetapi tradisi ini tetap dijalankan oleh masyarakat. Hal inilah yang menarik untuk diteliti dari merariq  yaitu bagaimana konsep tata  cara dalam adat merariq yang dapat mengatur sedemikian rupa konsep berpikir masyarakat untuk masih mempertahankan adat merariq.Fokus dalam penelitian ini bagaimana prosesi pelaksanaan adat merariq, apa makna adat merariq bagi masyarakat Batunyala dan apa yang menyebabkan tradisi ini masih dilakukan oleh warga masyarakat yang ada di desa Batunyala. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode kualitatif dengan jenis deskriptif, yang menggambarkan atau menjelaskan fenomena sosial yang terjadi di tempat penelitian. Tekhnik pengumpulan data yang dilakukan yaitu melalui observasi, wawancara dan dokumentasi.Adapun hasil  penelitian yang didapatkan yaitu adapun prosesi pelaksanaan dalam adat merariq yang dimulai dari melakukan merariq, sejati/selabar, mbait wali,nikahang, mbait janji, sorong serah, nyongkolan dan yang terakhir dilakukan dengan upacara balik lampak nae. Tradisi merariq mempunyai berbagai macam makna yaitu: mempunyai nilai untuk mengistimewakan perempuan, memiliki pesan sosial, memiliki pesan untuk saling menghargai dan bersyukur, memiliki pesan untuk mendidik, memiliki pesan moral, menunjukkan sikap pemberani dan betanggung jawab. Kemudian dalam penelitian ini adapun yang menyebabkan masyarakat di desa Batunyala masih melakukan tradisi merariq sampai sekarang yaitu karena : (1) Faktor adat, (2) Faktor Orang tua, (3) Faktor Agama, (4) Faktor Ekonomi (biaya), dan (5) Faktor kemauan dari yang perempuan. Abstract : The communities regard this tradition as an heritage from ancestor that must be kept and preserved, because in this culture there is point must be keeping, so the younger’s in this village follow up this merariq tradition, although have been  moving in this custom a little, but this tradition keep moving by the society. This is special thing that interesting to get research from merariq tradition that is how the custom concept organizing the community thinking concept to preserving and receiving merariq compared with the developing situation now.The focus in this research is how the custom or tradition of merariq is done, what is the meaning of custom of merariq by Batunyala’s communities and what caused this tradition have been doing by Batunyala’s communities.. The method is used in this research is qualitative and using descriptive type to describe the social phenomena is happened in the site of research. The data collecting technique’s are used like observation, interview, and documentation.The results of this research are got is the ceremonials of custom of merariq are started with doing merariq, sejati/selabar, mbait wali, nikahang mbait janji, sorong serah, nyongkolan, and the last is balik lampak nae ceremony by community. The merariq tradition have much meaning that is: merariq have the value to make special for woman, have social messages, have messages to respect one another and grateful to god, have message to educate, and moral messages, merariq is the way to show brave and responsibility attitudes. And then, in this research, the communities factors are cause the preserving of merariq tradition are: 1) custom factors, 2) parent factors, 3) religion factors, 4) economic factors (fee), and 5) willing factors from the woman.


Literator ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 42 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthys J. Uys ◽  
Salomé Romylos ◽  
Carisma Nel

Research conducted by The Other Foundation has indicated that South Africans view the lives of queer individuals as lifestyle choice (34%), illness (12%), sin (5.10%), results of these individuals’ upbringing (3.80%) and/or resulting from the influence of ancestral spirits (3.70%). Advocacy and information about sexual orientation and sexual diversity through literary as characters may be instrumental in possibly changing negative perceptions of queer individuals. This article aims to show how a selected young adult queer novel, and the social messaging that emerges from the text, may be a potentially influential location for creating an awareness and better understanding of queer individuals. The aim of the investigation on which the article is based was to examine the possibility or viability of implementing critical literacy in secondary education systems in the language classroom as an opportunity to address social issues in heteronormative environments. The social messages found in queer texts may be used as entry points to fruitful discourse in language classroom environments. The study followed a qualitative approach with the use of critical hermeneutics as a strategy of inquiry and social constructivism as philosophical worldview. The queer text utilised was Openly Straight (2013) by Bill Konigsberg with the method of data generation being document analysis. The main findings were that queer texts should form part of the language classroom (as learners may read these texts critically and emphatically) and that Bill Konigsberg’s Openly Straight contained social messages that can contribute to positive influences on queer- and heterosexual readers.


1960 ◽  
Vol 80 ◽  
pp. 24-31 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. F. Carney

In writing on Plutarch as a literary artist there is a tendency to confuse Plutarch's personality, which appears from his writings as ingenuous and somewhat naïve, with his style, which has all the sophistication of the classical renaissance of which his writings form a part. Actually, extensive acquaintance with many aspects of literary craftsmanship is visible in his work. His careful avoidance of hiatus was noticed as long ago as 1841 by Benseler. More recently it has been discovered that Plutarch writes rhythmical prose, with a great preference for certain definite forms. He is thoroughly versed in the various schemata for the presentation of material. Boissonade termed his style a mosaic because it is so well adapted for dealing with the various themes occurring in theLives;Plutarch has in fact perfect command over matter and form as a result of a thorough acquaintance with a rich literary tradition.The metaphors and similes which appear in thisLifeseem on a first reading in ill accord with the sophistication of its general craftsmanship. They are stereotyped into the thought-content, and even the diction, traditional for the symbolism they express. Their infrequency and the elaboration of the metaphors in particular makes them stand out starkly. This conspicuousness and careful articulation is significant. The metaphors and similes are in fact strikingly put so that they emphasise the passages in which they occur, and recall one another vividly to mind. Analysis reveals that they are used in two ways: as points of reference and emphasis (they occur only at important junctures) and to indicate the unity of lengthy passages. Long and elaborate metaphors occur at 11.1, 35.1, and 46.4, marking respectively the Germanic war, the civil war, and Marius' fate and death. A metaphor and simile grouped together, at 23.1 and at 32.1, 3 respectively, tell of Catulus' reverse and the Social War; two similes commence the developments which are to lead to Marius' death at 45.1–2. Less striking metaphors anticipate the civil war (10.5) and the Marian massacre (43.4).


2018 ◽  
pp. 23-39
Author(s):  
Ian Atherton

Twentieth-century practices of battlefield preservation construct war graves as sites of memory and continuing commemoration. Such ideas, though they have led archaeologists in a largely fruitless hunt for mass graves, should not be read back into the seventeenth century. Hitherto, little attention has been paid to the practices of battlefield burial, despite the suggestion that the civil wars were proportionately the bloodiest conflict in English history. This chapter analyses the evidence for the treatment of the dead of the civil wars, engaging with debates about the nature and preservation of civil-war battlefields, and the social memory of the civil wars in the mid and later seventeenth century. It concludes that ordinary civil-war soldiers were typically excluded from parish registers as a sign that they were branded as social outcasts in death.


2021 ◽  
pp. 181-190
Author(s):  
Siobhán Hearne

This chapter provides a summary of the key arguments of the book: that reactions to regulation were complicated and multifaceted; that regulation varied widely from place to place; and that there was a huge gulf between the ambitions of the tsarist authorities for policing prostitution, and the corresponding reality. Thereafter, the chapter examines the abolition of the regulation system in July 1917 by the Provisional Government. The social and economic dislocation of the First World War, revolution, and Civil War undoubtedly saw many more women engaging in prostitution. After seizing power from the Provisional Government in October 1917, the Bolsheviks set out to eradicate prostitution as they regarded it as an unwanted remnant of the bourgeois, capitalist past. However, prejudices against women who worked as prostitutes that had been established under the regulation system were difficult to shift, particularly the perception that women who sold sex were responsible for the transmission of venereal diseases. These stubborn ideas meant that attempts to eliminate prostitution in the early Soviet period were destined to be unsuccessful.


Multilingua ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 38 (3) ◽  
pp. 283-311
Author(s):  
Anastasia Nuworsu ◽  
Grace Diabah ◽  
Evershed Kwasi Amuzu

AbstractThis paper investigates the use of codeswitching at traditional inter-ethnic marriage ceremonies in the southern part of Ghana. The study site is Accra, the multilingual capital of Ghana which is located in the south of the country, and was selected due to the high frequency of inter-ethnic marriage ceremonies which take place there. The data analysed were audio-visual recordings of interactions at such ceremonies, collected, by (Nuworsu, Anastasia 2015: Language use in inter-ethnic marriage ceremonies in Greater Accra. MPhil. thesis, Department of Linguistics, University of Ghana, Legon.). They were complemented with observations made at the event grounds, as well as follow up interviews with key actors during and after the events. The theoretical framework employed is based on a combination of Giles’ Communication Accommodation Theory, Hymes’s Ethnography of Communication and Myers-Scotton‘s Markedness Model. It is found that bilinguals who speak on behalf of families participating in the ceremonies often use codeswitching in innovative ways to convey various social messages. Significant uses were: (i) speakers use codeswitching to converge toward the speech of their in-laws in a bid to decrease the social and linguistic distance between the two families and (ii) they use it as a divergence strategy to, for instance, increase the social and linguistic distance between them when they wish to accentuate an ideological, or any other, difference between them. Overall, the study contributes towards insights about inter-group language practices in multilingual African settings, especially in urban areas.


2011 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 99-128 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robin Blackburn

AbstractKarl Marx and Abraham Lincoln held very different views on the ‘social question’. This essay explores the way in which they converged in their estimation of slavery during the course of the Civil War; Marx was an ardent abolitionist, and Lincoln came to see this position as necessary. It is argued that the rôle of runaway slaves – called ‘contraband’ – and German-revolutionary ’48ers played a significant rôle in the radicalisation of Lincoln and the direction of the War.


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