MRI as a promising tool for evaluation of the stability of cosmetic emulsions

2015 ◽  
Vol 38 (3) ◽  
pp. 272-278 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. Onuki ◽  
C. Kida ◽  
C. Funatani ◽  
Y. Hayashi ◽  
K. Takayama
Keyword(s):  
Promising Tool ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Cosmetic Emulsions

Nanocarriers for Photodynamic Therapy Intended to Cutaneous Tumors

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Bernadete Riemma Pierre
Keyword(s):  
Photodynamic Therapy ◽  
Drug Delivery Systems ◽  
Active Agent ◽  
Therapeutic Modality ◽  
Tissue Penetration ◽  
Promising Tool ◽  
Skin Cancers ◽  
Superficial Basal Cell Carcinoma ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Disor Ders

Abstract: Photodynamic Therapy (PDT) is a therapeutic modality used for several malignant and premalignant skin disor-ders, including Bowen's disease skin cancers and Superficial Basal Cell Carcinoma (BCC). Several photosensitizers (PSs) have been explored for tumor destruction of skin cancers, after their activation by a light source of appropriate wavelength. Topical release of PSs avoids prolonged photosensitization reactions associated with systemic administration; however, its clinical usefulness is influenced by its poor tissue penetration and the stability of the active agent. Nanotechnology-based drug delivery systems are promising tool to enhance the efficiency for PDT of cancer. This review focuses on PSs encap-sulated in nanocarriers explored for PDT of skin tumors.

scholarly journals Encapsulation Systems for Delivery of Flavonoids: A Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 13934-13951
Keyword(s):  
Fruits And Vegetables ◽  
Water Solubility ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Molecular Complexes ◽  
Multilamellar Vesicles ◽  
Promising Tool ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Encapsulation Methods ◽  
As Solubility

Encapsulation of bioactive compounds s been considered a promising tool for preserving these compounds. Several studies on dietary sources and health benefits of flavonoids, their chemical and stability properties, and encapsulation methods used for delivery of flavonoids were reviewed. Flavonoids comprise the main group of polyphenols widely found in fruits and vegetables responsible for numerous biological activities. They have a flavan nucleus with 15 carbon atoms organized in three rings and are categorized into six subgroups. The main dietary sources of flavonoids are fruits, vegetables, cereals, tea, and some herbs such as Viola odorata Linn. These compounds can prevent diseases such as cardiovascular, cancers, neurodegenerative, diabetes, and inflammatory bowel disease. Despite these beneficial biological activities, flavonoids are not stable against environmental conditions, have low water solubility and low bioavailability after oral administration, which restricts their application. Accordingly, encapsulation has been utilized in order to improve the stability and solubility of flavonoids. Various approaches such as spray drying, molecular complexes, liposomes, nanoparticles, emulsification, and multilamellar vesicles have been applied in the entrapment of flavonoids. Encapsulation can improve the stability of flavonoids as well as solubility, controlled release, and bioavailability.

scholarly journals Practical Synthesis of Quinoline-Protected Morpholino Oligomers for Light-Triggered Regulation of Gene Function

Molecules ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (9) ◽  
pp. 2078 ◽  
Author(s):  
Davide Deodato ◽  
Timothy M. Dore
Keyword(s):  
Gene Function ◽  
Total Yield ◽  
Coupling Reaction ◽  
Acid Decarboxylase ◽  
Temporal Precision ◽  
Promising Tool ◽  
Key Factor ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Spatiotemporal Control

Photoactivatable cyclic caged morpholino oligomers (ccMOs) represent a promising tool to selectively regulate gene expression with spatiotemporal control. Nevertheless, some challenges associated with the preparation of these reagents have limited their broader use in biological settings. We describe a novel ccMO design that overcomes many of the challenges and considerably expedites the synthetic preparation. The key factor is the introduction of an ethynyl function on the photocleavable linker to facilitate the use of a Huisgen 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition for the coupling reaction with the oligonucleotide. Compared to previous strategies, this modification reduces the number of synthetic steps and significantly improves the total yield and the stability of the linker. We used the alkynyl-functionalized linker for the preparation of two different ccMOs targeting the mRNA of the glutamic acid decarboxylase genes, gad1 and gad2. HPLC analysis confirms that the caging strategy successfully inhibits the DNA binding ability, and the activity can be restored by brief illumination with 405-nm light. Overall, the straightforward preparation together with the clean and fast photochemistry make these caged antisense reagents excellent tools to modulate gene function in-vivo with spatial and temporal precision.

scholarly journals 3D food printing as a promising tool for food fabrication: 3D printing of chocolate

Food Research ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (S6) ◽  
pp. 42-53
Author(s):  
Sylvester M. ◽  
Bhandari B. ◽  
Prakash S.
Keyword(s):  
3D Printing ◽  
Preference Test ◽  
Support Structure ◽  
Promising Tool ◽  
Hexagonal Shape ◽  
Water Recirculation ◽  
3D Printed ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Food Printing ◽  
Textural Modification

The optimisation of printing dark chocolate was investigated, which included 3D printer modification. The modification comprises development of custom printer bed an inbuilt water recirculation system with a slow flow rate of 6.3 mL/s to avoid vibration. Additionally, a fan was attached to enhance the solidification of chocolate. It was found that 32°C was the optimal condition of chocolate melting and this temperature was applied in the printing process. The addition of the support structure on the mechanical properties of chocolate such as cross and parallel support structures printed in a hexagonal shape was also investigated. Findings indicated that the cross support increased the stability and strength (57.5±4.8 N) of chocolate more than the chocolate printed with parallel support (50.5±2.7 N) and without any support structure (12.6±6.1 N). Different infill structures (infill pattern and percentage) can contribute to the textural modification of 3D printed chocolate. The appearance of the 3DP construction was vital as this modality can influence the acceptability of the product. Sensory analysis was conducted among 30 semi -trained panellists. Most participants favoured the appearance of sample 3DP100%_IP (1.33) to those of samples 3DP25%_IP (2.00) and 3DP50%_IP (2.67). On the textural perspectives, consumers indicated their potential preferences on chocolate printed with 25% infill percentage. Similar results from consumer paired-preference test were obtained. These results suggested that consumer realised the potential of 3D printing for textural modification.

scholarly journals The Influence of WPC 80 Additive on the Stability of Water-In-Oil Emulsions

2015 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 997-1008
Author(s):  
Małgorzata Tabaszewska ◽  
Tadeusz Grega ◽  
Dorota Najgebauer-Lejko ◽  
Grażyna Jaworska
Keyword(s):  
Storage Stability ◽  
Whey Proteins ◽  
Thiobarbituric Acid ◽  
Whey Protein Concentrate ◽  
Oil Emulsion ◽  
Oil Emulsions ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Cosmetic Emulsions ◽  
Stability Of Water ◽  
Water In Oil Emulsion

Abstract The effect of 0, 1.5, 5, 10 and 15 (g 100 g-1 of emulsion) WPC 80 additive (80% whey protein concentrate) on the pH, physical, oxidative and microbiological stability of the water-in-oil emulsion was studied during 16-week storage at ~20°C at 4-week intervals. All determined features were significantly affected by the supplementation. The most beneficial as regards storage stability was the emulsion with 5% of WPC 80. This treatment was the most resistant to oxidative changes showing low increase of the concentration of conjugated diene hydroperoxides (from 0.92 to 1.04 mg g-1) and of the thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (from 0.83 to 1.37 mg malondialdehyde g-1) as well as only slight increment (by 0.47 log CFU g-1) of the microorganisms number during storage. Thus, the results of the present study revealed that whey proteins can be applied in the proper amount to produce cosmetic emulsions composed of natural ingredients and with reasonable storage stability.

scholarly journals The LE1 Bacteriophage Replicates as a Plasmid within Leptospira biflexa: Construction of an L. biflexa-Escherichia coli Shuttle Vector

2000 ◽  
Vol 182 (20) ◽  
pp. 5700-5705 ◽  
Author(s):  
Isabelle Saint Girons ◽  
Pascale Bourhy ◽  
Catherine Ottone ◽  
Mathieu Picardeau ◽  
David Yelton ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Shuttle Vector ◽  
Kanamycin Resistance ◽  
Origin Of Replication ◽  
Direct Repeats ◽  
Kanamycin Resistance Gene ◽  
Positive Bacterium ◽  
Resistance Marker ◽  
Promising Tool ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Gene Homologue

ABSTRACT We have discovered that LE1, one of the plaque-forming phages previously described as lytic for the Leptospira biflexasaprophytic spirochete (I. Saint Girons, D. Margarita, P. Amouriaux, and G. Baranton, Res. Microbiol. 141:1131–1138, 1990), was indeed temperate. LE1 was found to be unusual, as Southern blot analysis indicated that it is one of the few phages to replicate in the prophage state as a circular plasmid. The unavailability of such small endogenous replicons has hindered genetic experimentation inLeptospira. We have developed a shuttle vector with DNA derived from LE1. Random LE1 DNA fragments were cloned into a pGEM 7Zf(+) derivative devoid of most of the bla gene but carrying a kanamycin resistance marker from the gram-positive bacteriumEnterococcus (Streptococcus)faecalis. These constructs were transformed into L. biflexa strain Patoc 1 by electroporation, giving rise to kanamycin-resistant transformants. A 2.2-kb fragment from LE1 was responsible for replication of the vector in L. biflexa. However, a larger region including an intact parA gene homologue was necessary for the stability of the shuttle vector. Direct repeats and AT-rich regions characterized the LE1 origin of replication. Our data indicate that the replicon derived from the LE1 leptophage, together with the kanamycin resistance gene, is a promising tool with which to develop the genetics of Leptospiraspecies.

Dynamic Mechanical Freezing Points of Cosmetic O/W Emulsions and Their Stability at Low Temperatures

2000 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 114-118 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frank Hetzel ◽  
Jens Nielsen ◽  
Stefan Wiesner ◽  
Rüdiger Brummer
Keyword(s):  
Phase Transition ◽  
Cold Storage ◽  
Low Temperatures ◽  
Storage Temperature ◽  
Test Methods ◽  
Test Method ◽  
Water Phase ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Cosmetic Emulsions

Abstract To develop cosmetic products quickly and effectively, developers need reliable test methods for evaluating product stability. Phenomena that determine the stability of cosmetic emulsions include phase transitions taking place in the relevant application and storage temperature range. The tendency of ingredients to crystallize influences the stability of emulsions especially at low temperatures. In this article a Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) was used to determine the temperature of the water/ice phase transition of the continuous water phase for oil in water emulsions. A rheological, oscillating test method was developed to measure the phase transition temperature and the results were compared with those of the DSC and standard cold storage tests. There was a correlation of the crystallization temperature of the external water phase with the storage stability at –10°C. The accompanying increase in viscosity with cold storage due to structural alteration of the emulsions could be confirmed by TEM micrographs.

scholarly journals An artificial cationic oligosaccharide combined with phosphorothioate linkages strongly improves siRNA stability

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Atsushi Irie ◽  
Kazuki Sato ◽  
Rintaro Iwata Hara ◽  
Takeshi Wada ◽  
Futoshi Shibasaki
Keyword(s):  
Gene Silencing ◽  
Rna Binding ◽  
Small Interfering Rnas ◽  
Chemical Modifications ◽  
Promising Tool ◽  
Rna Duplexes ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Multiple Chemical ◽  
Thermal Stability Of

Abstract Small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) are potential tools for gene-silencing therapy, but their instability is one of the obstacles in the development of siRNA-based drugs. To improve siRNA stability, we synthesised a double-stranded RNA-binding cationic oligodiaminogalactose 4mer (ODAGal4) and investigated here its characteristics for siRNA stabilisation in vitro. ODAGal4 improved the resistance of various siRNAs against serum degradation. The effect of ODAGal4 on siRNA stabilisation was further amplified by introduction of modified nucleotides into the siRNA. In particular, a combination of ODAGal4 and incorporation of phosphorothioate linkages into the siRNA prominently prevented degradation by serum. The half-lives of fully phosphorothioate-modified RNA duplexes with ODAGal4 were more than 15 times longer than those of unmodified siRNAs without ODAGal4; this improvement in serum stability was superior to that observed for other chemical modifications. Serum degradation assays of RNAs with multiple chemical modifications showed that ODAGal4 preferentially improves the stability of RNAs with phosphorothioate modification among chemical modifications. Furthermore, melting temperature analysis showed that ODAGal4 greatly increases the thermal stability of phosphorothioate RNAs. Importantly, ODAGal4 did not interrupt gene-silencing activity of all the RNAs tested. Collectively, these findings demonstrate that ODAGal4 is a potent stabiliser of siRNAs, particularly nucleotides with phosphorothioate linkages, representing a promising tool in the development of gene-silencing therapies.

scholarly journals Anti-Tick Microbiota Vaccine Impacts Ixodes ricinus Performance during Feeding

Vaccines ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 702 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lourdes Mateos-Hernández ◽  
Dasiel Obregón ◽  
Jennifer Maye ◽  
Jeremie Borneres ◽  
Nicolas Versille ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wide Distribution ◽  
Experimental Manipulation ◽  
Coli Strain ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Promising Tool ◽  
The Family ◽  
Strain Bl21 ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Different Strains ◽  
In Silico Analyses

The tick microbiota is a highly complex ensemble of interacting microorganisms. Keystone taxa, with a central role in the microbial networks, support the stability and fitness of the microbial communities. The keystoneness of taxa in the tick microbiota can be inferred from microbial co-occurrence networks. Microbes with high centrality indexes are highly connected with other taxa of the microbiota and are expected to provide important resources to the microbial community and/or the tick. We reasoned that disturbance of vector microbiota by removal of ubiquitous and abundant keystone bacteria may disrupt the tick-microbiota homeostasis causing harm to the tick host. These observations and reasoning prompted us to test the hypothesis that antibodies targeting keystone bacteria may harm the ticks during feeding on immunized hosts. To this aim, in silico analyses were conducted to identify keystone bacteria in the microbiota of Ixodes nymphs. The family Enterobacteriaceae was among the top keystone taxa identified in Ixodes microbiota. Immunization of α-1,3-galactosyltransferase-deficient-C57BL/6 (α1,3GT KO) mice with a live vaccine containing the Enterobacteriaceae bacterium Escherichia coli strain BL21 revealed that the production of anti-E. coli and anti-α-Gal IgM and IgG was associated with high mortality of I. ricinus nymphs during feeding. However, this effect was absent in two different strains of wild type mice, BALB/c and C57BL/6. This result concurred with a wide distribution of α-1,3-galactosyltransferase genes, and possibly α-Gal, in Enterobacteriaceae and other bacteria of tick microbiota. Interestingly, the weight of I. ricinus nymphs that fed on E. coli-immunized C57BL/6 was significantly higher than the weight of ticks that fed on C57BL/6 immunized with a mock vaccine. Our results suggest that anti-tick microbiota vaccines are a promising tool for the experimental manipulation of vector microbiota, and potentially the control of ticks and tick-borne pathogens.

scholarly journals Protein Engineering of Multi-Modular Transcription Factor Alcohol Dehydrogenase Repressor 1 (Adr1p), a Tool for Dissecting In Vitro Transcription Activation

Biomolecules ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 497
Author(s):  
Buttinelli ◽  
Panetta ◽  
Bucci ◽  
Frascaria ◽  
Morea ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Dehydrogenase ◽  
Transcription Activation ◽  
In Vitro Transcription ◽  
Metabolic Switch ◽  
Intrinsically Disordered ◽  
Intrinsically Disordered Regions ◽  
Transcription Machinery ◽  
Promising Tool ◽  
The Stability

Studying transcription machinery assembly in vitro is challenging because of long intrinsically disordered regions present within the multi-modular transcription factors. One example is alcohol dehydrogenase repressor 1 (Adr1p) from fermenting yeast, responsible for the metabolic switch from glucose to ethanol. The role of each individual transcription activation domain (TAD) has been previously studied, but their interplay and their roles in enhancing the stability of the protein is not known. In this work, we designed five unique miniAdr1 constructs containing either TADs I-II-III or TAD I and III, connected by linkers of different sizes and compositions. We demonstrated that miniAdr1-BL, containing only PAR-TAD I+III with a basic linker (BL), binds the cognate DNA sequence, located in the promoter of the ADH2 (alcohol dehydrogenase 2) gene, and is necessary to stabilize the heterologous expression. In fact, we found that the sequence of the linker between TAD I and III affected the solubility of free miniAdr1 proteins, as well as the stability of their complexes with DNA. miniAdr1-BL is the stable unit able to recognize ADH2 in vitro, and hence it is a promising tool for future studies on nucleosomal DNA binding and transcription machinery assembly in vitro.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document