Black Self-Organization in Trade Unions

1994 ◽  
Vol 42 (2) ◽  
pp. 202-226 ◽  
Author(s):  
Satnam Virdee ◽  
Keith Grint
Keyword(s):  
Local Government ◽  
Empirical Evidence ◽  
Trade Unions ◽  
Self Organization ◽  
Relative Autonomy ◽  
Black And White ◽  
Theoretical Support ◽  
Lay Members ◽  
Empirical Material ◽  
Minority Workers

This paper considers the significance of self-organization for black and minority workers in trade unions. It embodies a review of the theoretical and empirical evidence in support of black self-organization within unions; that is, a strategy of relative autonomy rather than separatism or submersion within a race-blind union. The theoretical support is derived from arguments concerning identity, participation and power. Much of the empirical material is based upon interviews with black and white lay members and shop stewards from three branches (‘Helthten’, Shaften’ and ‘Mounten’) of the National and Local Government Officers union (NALGO) and with NALGO national officials between 1989 and 1990.

scholarly journals Tripartite Evolutionary Game Model for Public Health Emergencies

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Zhiqi Xu ◽  
Yukun Cheng ◽  
Shuangliang Yao
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Local Government ◽  
Evolutionary Game ◽  
Public Health Emergency ◽  
Game Model ◽  
Negative Behaviors ◽  
The Public ◽  
Public Health Emergencies ◽  
Theoretical Support ◽  
Safety And Health

Public health emergencies are more related to the safety and health of the public. For the management of the public health emergencies, all parties’ cooperation is the key to preventing and controlling the emergencies. Based on the assumption of bounded rationality, we formulate a tripartite evolutionary game model, involving the local government, the enterprises, and the public, for the public health emergency, e.g., COVID-19. The evolutionary stable strategies under different conditions of the tripartite evolutionary game are explored, and the effect from different factors on the decision-makings of participants for public health emergencies is also analyzed. Numerical analysis results show that formulating reasonable subsidy measures, encouraging the participation of the public, and enforcing the punishment to enterprises for their negative behaviors can prompt three parties to cooperate in fighting against the epidemic. Our work enriches an understanding of the governance for the public health emergency and provides theoretical support for the local government and related participants to make proper decisions in public health emergencies.

scholarly journals Fra eneveldets scene mot representative forsamlinger: visitasen som offentlig arena i Norge, ca. 1750–1850

2015 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
pp. 183-211
Author(s):  
Trond Bjerkås
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Eighteenth Century ◽  
Local Government ◽  
Public Participation ◽  
General Public ◽  
Common People ◽  
Lay Members ◽  
The Common ◽  
Control Apparatus ◽  
The Church

From the Stage of State Power to Representative Assembly?: The Visitation as a Public Arena, 1750–1850In the eighteenth century, the bishops’ visitations to dioceses constituted an important part of the control apparatus of the Church and the absolutist state. The article examines visitations in Norway in terms of public arenas, where the common people interacted with Church officials. During the period 1750 to 1850, the visitations were gradually transformed from arenas in which the state manifested its power towards a largely undifferentiated populace, to meeting places that resembled representative assemblies with both clerical and common lay members. Thus, it adapted to new forms of public participation established by the reforms of national and local government in the first half of the nineteenth century. At the same time, the process amounted to an elitization, because a few representatives replaced of the congregation as a whole. It is also argued that parish churches in the eighteenth century functioned as general public forums with a number of other functions in addition to worship, such as being places of trade and festivities. This seems to change in the nineteenth century, when churches became more exclusively religious arenas. The transition can be seen in the context of new forms of participation in Church matters. Many clerics wanted greater participation by sections of the commoners, in order to strengthen control in moral and religious matters.

Performance Gaps, Peer Effects, and Comparative Behaviour: Empirical Evidence from Swedish Local Government

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-53 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tim Jäkel
Keyword(s):  
Local Government ◽  
Empirical Evidence ◽  
Conditional Probability ◽  
Peer Effects ◽  
Spatial Clustering ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Performance Evaluations ◽  
Event History ◽  
Public Managers ◽  
Temporal And Spatial

Abstract Centralized inspections face scepticism among local public managers, and voluntary evaluations have become a popular complement. This study uses the Swedish local government benchmarking programme (Kommunens Kvalitet i Korthet) to investigate what correlates with partaking in a benchmarking exercise empirically. This study finds evidence for temporal and spatial clustering: participants cluster geographically at an early stage of the exercise, new entrants tended to attach to existing clusters of participants rather than forming new clusters themselves. From event history analyses this study also finds that the proportion of participants among direct neighbours increases the conditional probability of entering the exercise. This suggests that public managers and local councils mimic the behaviour from nearby councils when it comes to the use of performance evaluations.

The Criteria for the System of Scientific Knowledge

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 64-72
Author(s):  
Губанов ◽  
Nikolay Gubanov ◽  
Губанов ◽  
N. Gubanov
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Evidence ◽  
Scientific Knowledge ◽  
Empirical Verification ◽  
Base Component ◽  
Paradoxical Situation ◽  
Cultural Research ◽  
General Meaning ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Empirical Material

The authors marked and characterized four sets of criteria: 1) the criteria for scientific knowledge, 2) the criteria for the truth of knowledge, and 3) the criteria for cultural research, 4) the criteria for independence of science. All these four sets of criteria related to each other and partially overlap. The mixing of these criteria makes it difficult to develop the problems of the philosophy of science. The existing trend of rejection of the category of truth manifests itself in proposals to replace it with the concepts of reliability, credibility, sense. Such position creates a paradoxical situation of self-referencing: if there is no truth, then what is approved by postmodernists and domestic authors, is also not truth. Therefore, the consistent implementation of the provisions of the postmodern leads them to self-destruct. The leading criterions of truth have the empirical evidence. Its base component is a statistically significant observation. It operates as a pure supervision or as supervision in the composition of practices, including experiment. Derivative of empirical verification by criteria of truth are logical provability, heuristic, simplicity and beauty. The criteria for scientific knowledge are conclusiveness (rationality), noncontradiction, empirical verifiability, repeatability of empirical material, general meaning, systematicity (coherence), essentiality, uniqueness of terms, developmental potency. On the basis of these criteria the authors give the generalized definition of scientific knowledge.

Citizen-Assisted Performance Measurement? Reassessing Its Viability and Impact

2017 ◽  
Vol 48 (7) ◽  
pp. 716-729 ◽  
Author(s):  
David N. Ammons ◽  
Patrick M. Madej
Keyword(s):  
Local Government ◽  
Focus Groups ◽  
Performance Measurement ◽  
Empirical Evidence ◽  
Citizen Participation ◽  
Performance Measures ◽  
Government Performance ◽  
Ongoing Support

Citizen-assisted performance measurement (CAPM) was a hot topic just a decade or so ago, promoted by enthusiasts as a useful coupling of the performance measurement and citizen participation movements. The idea of engaging citizens in the design of local government performance measures retains some ongoing support today based mostly on normative assumptions and testimonials. A careful review of the premises of CAPM and empirical evidence from CAPM projects, however, reveals weaknesses in the premises and few surviving measures from CAPM projects. The authors’ findings support the view that citizen efforts would more beneficially be directed upstream of performance measurement, with citizens engaged as focus groups to offer views on their local government’s performance objectives and priorities rather than as designers of performance measures.

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