Effect of pendant groups on the mass yield and density of polycarbosilanes during pyrolysis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas S. Key ◽  
Garth B. Wilks ◽  
Michael K. Cinibulk
Keyword(s):  
Mass Yield

scholarly journals From fission yield measurements to evaluation: status on statistical methodology for the covariance question

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. 26 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brieuc Voirin ◽  
Grégoire Kessedjian ◽  
Abdelaziz Chebboubi ◽  
Sylvain Julien-Laferrière ◽  
Olivier Serot
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Tests ◽  
Fission Products ◽  
Experimental Program ◽  
Mass Yield ◽  
Statistical Methodology ◽  
Fission Yield ◽  
Fission Process ◽  
Induced Fission ◽  
Entropy Criterion ◽  
Fission Yields

Studies on fission yields have a major impact on the characterization and the understanding of the fission process and are mandatory for reactor applications. Fission yield evaluation represents the synthesis of experimental and theoretical knowledge to perform the best estimation of mass, isotopic and isomeric yields. Today, the output of fission yield evaluation is available as a function of isotopic yields. Without the explicitness of evaluation covariance data, mass yield uncertainties are greater than those of isotopic yields. This is in contradiction with experimental knowledge where the abundance of mass yield measurements is dominant. These last years, different covariance matrices have been suggested but the experimental part of those are neglected. The collaboration between the LPSC Grenoble and the CEA Cadarache starts a new program in the field of the evaluation of fission products in addition to the current experimental program at Institut Laue-Langevin. The goal is to define a new methodology of evaluation based on statistical tests to define the different experimental sets in agreement, giving different solutions for different analysis choices. This study deals with the thermal neutron induced fission of 235U. The mix of data is non-unique and this topic will be discussed using the Shannon entropy criterion in the framework of the statistical methodology proposed.

scholarly journals Mass yield of biochar from hydrothermal carbonization of sucrose

2016 ◽  
Vol 62 (No. 4) ◽  
pp. 179-184 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Velebil ◽  
J. Malaťák ◽  
J. Bradna
Keyword(s):  
Reaction Time ◽  
Liquid Phase ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Liquid Product ◽  
Hydrothermal Carbonization ◽  
Considerable Effect ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Dry Matter Content ◽  
Mass Yield ◽  
Batch Experiments

In this article, the effect of increasing dry matter content and reaction time of hydrothermal carbonization on mass yield of biochar was studied. Carbonization took place in batch experiments in a pressure vessel. Results have confirmed the assumption that the mass yield of biochar would increase with growing dry matter content in the initial solution and also with reaction time at reaction temperature of 200°C. It was found that components of the liquid product that remain in the biochar have a measurable impact on its mass yield. Mixing of the reactor proved to have a considerable effect on the mass yield as well. Biochar produced in absence of mixing had higher pore volume and higher yield. This was evident even after subtracting the equivalent liquid phase dry matter in the biochar after drying.

scholarly journals Nutritional and biochemical changes induced by lead in sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.)

2016 ◽  
Vol 37 (3) ◽  
pp. 1229 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claudia Brito de Abreu ◽  
Bárbara Lima do Sacramento ◽  
Andréia Teixeira Alves ◽  
Silvany Cardim Moura ◽  
Milena Santos Pinelli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Helianthus Annuus ◽  
Cell Metabolism ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Soluble Carbohydrate ◽  
Mass Yield ◽  
Growth Reduction ◽  
Biochemical Indicator ◽  
Organic Solute ◽  
Induced Changes ◽  
Pb Concentration

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of increasing concentrations of lead (Pb) in the nutrient solution on growth and macronutrient and organic solute contents of Helianthus annuus plants. The experimental design was completely randomized with four replications. The dry mass yield was not affected by the treatments up to a Pb concentration of 0.6 mM, indicating that H. annuus was tolerant to this Pb concentration in the growth medium. The reductions in leaf, stem and root dry masses at a Pb concentration of 0.8 mM were 74, 84 and 85%, respectively. Lead stress did not reduce the levels of nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P) and potassium (K), indicating that the growth reduction observed at 0.8 mM Pb could not be attributed to deficiencies of these nutrients. On the other hand, Pb significantly reduced calcium (Ca) and magnesium (Mg) contents in leaves, stems and roots, which might, at least in part, explain the Pb-induced growth reduction in the H. annuus plants. Pb increased soluble carbohydrate, free amino acid and proline contents in leaves, and soluble protein and proline contents in roots, showing stress-induced changes in cell metabolism. The data also suggest that Ca and Mg concentrations may be used as nutritional indicators and the proline content may be used as a biochemical indicator of Pb toxicity in H. annuus.

Mass-yield distribution of fission products from photo-fission of natPb induced by 2.5 GeV bremsstrahlung

2011 ◽  
Vol 47 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Haladhara Naik ◽  
Sarbjit Singh ◽  
Ashok Goswami ◽  
Vijay Kumar Manchanda ◽  
S. V. Suryanarayana ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fission Products ◽  
Mass Yield ◽  
Yield Distribution ◽  
Mass Yield Distribution

scholarly journals Correlations to Predict Elemental Compositions and Heating Value of Torrefied Biomass

Energies ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 2443 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahmudul Hasan ◽  
Yousef Haseli ◽  
Ernur Karadogan
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Content ◽  
Hydrogen Content ◽  
Woody Biomass ◽  
Coefficient Of Determination ◽  
Mass Yield ◽  
Solid Mass ◽  
Empirical Correlations ◽  
Heating Value ◽  
Torrefied Biomass ◽  
Data Points

Measurements reported in the literature on ultimate analysis of various types of torrefied woody biomass, comprising 152 data points, have been compiled and empirical correlations are developed to predict the carbon content, hydrogen content, and heating value of a torrefied wood as a function of solid mass yield. The range of torrefaction temperature, residence time and solid yield of the collected data is 200–300 °C, 5–60 min and 58–97%, respectively. Two correlations are proposed for carbon content with a coefficient of determination ( R 2 ) of 81.52% and 89.86%, two for hydrogen content with R 2 of 79.01% and 88.45%, and one for higher heating value with R 2 of 92.80%. The root mean square error (RMSE) values of the proposed correlations are 0.037, 0.028, 0.059, 0.043 and 0.023, respectively. The predictability of the proposed relations is examined with an additional set of experimental data and compared with the existing correlations in the literature. The new correlations can be used as a useful tool when designing torrefaction plants, furnaces, or gasifiers operating on torrefied wood.

FTIR-based models for assessment of mass yield and biofuel properties of torrefied wood

2017 ◽  
Vol 52 (1) ◽  
pp. 209-227 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chi-Leung So ◽  
Thomas L. Eberhardt
Keyword(s):  
Mass Yield

scholarly journals Production of biodiesel from babassu oil using methanol-ethanol blends

2018 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 47
Author(s):  
Fernando Carvalho Silva ◽  
Kiany Sirley Brandão Cavalcante ◽  
Hilton Costa Louzeiro ◽  
Katia Regina Marques Moura ◽  
Adeilton Pereira Maciel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Specific Gravity ◽  
Vegetable Oils ◽  
Castor Oil ◽  
Kinematic Viscosity ◽  
Volume Ratio ◽  
Biodiesel Production ◽  
Mass Yield ◽  
A Value ◽  
Oil Plant ◽  
Ethanol Blends

Maranhão state in Brazil presents a big potential for the cultivation of several oleaginous species, such as babassu, soybean, castor oil plant, etc... These vegetable oils can be transformed into biodiesel by the transesterification reaction in an alkaline medium, using methanol or ethanol. The biodiesel production from a blend of these alcohols is a way of adding the technical and economical advantages of methanol to the environmental advantages of ethanol. The optimized alcohol blend was observed to be a methanol/ethanol volume ratio of 80 % MeOH: 20 % EtOH. The ester content was of 98.70 %, a value higher than the target of the ANP, 96.5 % (m/m), and the biodiesel mass yield was of 95.32 %. This biodiesel fulfills the specifications of moisture, specific gravity, kinematic viscosity and percentages of free alcohols (methanol plus ethanol) and free glycerin.

scholarly journals STUDY VARIETY INDEXES OF VARIETY KIBRAY OF KASHKAR BEDA (MELILOTUS ALBUS)

2020 ◽  
pp. 183-185
Author(s):  
Fozilbek Nurullaevich Torеev ◽  
Djabbarkhon Djamalkhanovich Akhmedov ◽  
Muzaffar Matyakubovich Yakubov ◽  
Gavkhar Abdakhatovna Tilovova ◽  
Nasiba Umarovna Mavlanova
Keyword(s):  
Seed Production ◽  
Individual Selection ◽  
Mass Yield ◽  
Protein Food ◽  
Green Mass ◽  
Local Diversity ◽  
Melilotus Albus ◽  
Green Mass Yield ◽  
High Yields ◽  
Root Nitrogen

Enhancing of soil fertility is required for getting high yields from cotton plant, cereals and other crops in Uzbekistan. It may be achieved through implementation of crop rotation, properly introduction of rotation and by the planting of kashkar beda, alfalfa and other bean bearing crops. Planting of Kibray variety of Kashkar beda in strongly salted areas and may be produced high yields than ordinary blue alfalfa. It’s an average green mass yield accounts for 4.0-4.5 tons per hectare, 1 kg green mass contains 17-25 g protein and 0,16-0,20 food units what is a nutritious food for agricultural animals. Beside this, due to its root nitrogen-fixing capability. It may be taken durable high yields from other crops in its planted area. Keywords: Kashkar beda (local diversity of alfalfa), blue alfalfa, green stem, salinization, productivity, protein, food unit, forage, farmstead, variety, seed production, elite, primary seed production, nutritional crops, green mass, morphologic traits, germination, variety grade, nursery, individual selection, phonologic monitoring, Kibray variety, variety of Tashkent-2009. KEYWORDS: Kashkar beda, Melilotus albus, variety, green mass, morphologic traits, germination.

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