Tamponade effect of resorbable biological barrier in quality of obturation in primary molar

Aim: To evaluate and compare the instrumentation time, obturation time, quality of obturation, and clinical and radiological success of pulpectomized teethfollowing root canal preparation of primary molars with rotary and manual file system. Methods: A total of 150 primary molars requiring pulpectomy were selected from children aged four to seven years. These teeth were divided into three groups of 50 teeth each. In Groups 1, 2, and 3, cleaning and shaping were carried out with Kedo-S pediatric rotaryfiles, HERO Shaper rotary files, and manual NiTi K-files, respectively. Obturation was carried out with zinc oxide eugenol cement and an engine-driven Lentulo spiral. The instrumentation and obturation times were recorded. A radiographic assessment of thequality of the root filling was carried out immediately after obturation. Finally, the pulpectomized teeth were clinically and radiographically evaluated over a two-year period. Results: The mean instrumentation times for Groups 1, 2, and 3 were 14.56 ± 2.89 min, 17.93 ± 3.51 min, and 29.00 ± 2.08 min, respectively. The mean obturation times for Groups 1, 2, and 3 were 8.11 ± 1.7 min, 7.93 ± 1.3 min, and 9.64 ± 17.61 min, respectively. The mean difference in the quality of obturation was not statistically significant in primary molars instrumented with Kedo-S pediatricand HERO Shaper rotary file systems (p = 0.16). However, this mean difference was significant when compared between primary molar instrumented with rotary file systems and manual NiTi files (p = <0.001). At two years, the clinical success rate was 100% and the radiological success rates were 95.3%, 97.9%, and 89.5% in Groups 1, 2, and 3, respectively. Conclusions: The rotary file systems took significantly less instrumentation and obturation time than the manual NiTi files. There were no significant differences in obturation quality or success rates after two years.

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Comparative evaluation of instrumentation time, obturation time, and radiographic quality of obturation using two rotary systems and manual technique for primary molar pulpectomies – In vivo study

Contemporary Clinical Dentistry ◽

10.4103/ccd.ccd_83_20 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 (1) ◽

pp. 55

Author(s):

HeeralSureshkumar Shah ◽

VishwasMohanrao Patil ◽

AnanthP Kamath ◽

AditiAnmol Mathur

Keyword(s):

Comparative Evaluation ◽

In Vivo Study ◽

Primary Molar

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Prevalence of early loss of primary molar and its impact in schoolchildren's quality of life.

BDJ ◽

10.1038/sj.bdj.2018.839 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 225 (6) ◽

pp. 515-515

Keyword(s):

Quality Of Life ◽

Primary Molar ◽

Early Loss

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Annotation: Class Size and the Quality of Educational Outcomes

Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry ◽

10.1017/s0021963098002819 ◽

1998 ◽

Vol 39 (6) ◽

pp. 797-804 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Neville Bennett

Keyword(s):

Educational Outcomes ◽

Class Size

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Immunoferritin localization of intracellular antigens in positively stained frozen sections

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s042482010008170x ◽

1978 ◽

Vol 36 (2) ◽

pp. 168-169

Author(s):

K. T. Tokuyasu

Keyword(s):

Surface Tension ◽

Water Surface ◽

Thin Layers ◽

The Other ◽

Positive Staining ◽

Frozen Sections ◽

The Past ◽

Ultrathin Frozen Sections ◽

Definition Of

During the past investigations of immunoferritin localization of intracellular antigens in ultrathin frozen sections, we found that the degree of negative staining required to delineate u1trastructural details was often too dense for the recognition of ferritin particles. The quality of positive staining of ultrathin frozen sections, on the other hand, has generally been far inferior to that attainable in conventional plastic embedded sections, particularly in the definition of membranes. As we discussed before, a main cause of this difficulty seemed to be the vulnerability of frozen sections to the damaging effects of air-water surface tension at the time of drying of the sections.Indeed, we found that the quality of positive staining is greatly improved when positively stained frozen sections are protected against the effects of surface tension by embedding them in thin layers of mechanically stable materials at the time of drying (unpublished).

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Lithography below 100 nm

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100074367 ◽

1983 ◽

Vol 41 ◽

pp. 96-99

Author(s):

L. D. Jackel

Keyword(s):

Spatial Distribution ◽

Electron Beam ◽

Electron Scattering ◽

Electron Beam Lithography ◽

Substrate Material ◽

Local Electron ◽

Electron Dose ◽

Positive Resist ◽

Exposure Process

Most production electron beam lithography systems can pattern minimum features a few tenths of a micron across. Linewidth in these systems is usually limited by the quality of the exposing beam and by electron scattering in the resist and substrate. By using a smaller spot along with exposure techniques that minimize scattering and its effects, laboratory e-beam lithography systems can now make features hundredths of a micron wide on standard substrate material. This talk will outline sane of these high- resolution e-beam lithography techniques.We first consider parameters of the exposure process that limit resolution in organic resists. For concreteness suppose that we have a “positive” resist in which exposing electrons break bonds in the resist molecules thus increasing the exposed resist's solubility in a developer. Ihe attainable resolution is obviously limited by the overall width of the exposing beam, but the spatial distribution of the beam intensity, the beam “profile” , also contributes to the resolution. Depending on the local electron dose, more or less resist bonds are broken resulting in slower or faster dissolution in the developer.

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Convergent Beam Electron Diffraction

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100070072 ◽

1978 ◽

Vol 36 (3) ◽

pp. 304-315

Author(s):

G. Lehmpfuhl

Keyword(s):

Electron Diffraction ◽

Diffraction Pattern ◽

Crystal Surface ◽

Diffraction Spot ◽

Crystal Thickness ◽

Large Area ◽

Electron Microscopic ◽

Additional Information ◽

Microscopic Investigations

Introduction In electron microscopic investigations of crystalline specimens the direct observation of the electron diffraction pattern gives additional information about the specimen. The quality of this information depends on the quality of the crystals or the crystal area contributing to the diffraction pattern. By selected area diffraction in a conventional electron microscope, specimen areas as small as 1 µ in diameter can be investigated. It is well known that crystal areas of that size which must be thin enough (in the order of 1000 Å) for electron microscopic investigations are normally somewhat distorted by bending, or they are not homogeneous. Furthermore, the crystal surface is not well defined over such a large area. These are facts which cause reduction of information in the diffraction pattern. The intensity of a diffraction spot, for example, depends on the crystal thickness. If the thickness is not uniform over the investigated area, one observes an averaged intensity, so that the intensity distribution in the diffraction pattern cannot be used for an analysis unless additional information is available.

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Observability of Very Thick Specimen by Using Transmission Scanning Electron Microscope

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100064189 ◽

1971 ◽

Vol 29 ◽

pp. 26-27

Author(s):

K. Shibatomi ◽

T. Yamanoto ◽

H. Koike

Keyword(s):

Electron Microscope ◽

Image Quality ◽

Scanning Electron Microscope ◽

Chromatic Aberration ◽

Image Contrast ◽

Objective Lens ◽

Thick Specimen ◽

Transmission Electron ◽

Scanning Electron

In the observation of a thick specimen by means of a transmission electron microscope, the intensity of electrons passing through the objective lens aperture is greatly reduced. So that the image is almost invisible. In addition to this fact, it have been reported that a chromatic aberration causes the deterioration of the image contrast rather than that of the resolution. The scanning electron microscope is, however, capable of electrically amplifying the signal of the decreasing intensity, and also free from a chromatic aberration so that the deterioration of the image contrast due to the aberration can be prevented. The electrical improvement of the image quality can be carried out by using the fascionating features of the SEM, that is, the amplification of a weak in-put signal forming the image and the descriminating action of the heigh level signal of the background. This paper reports some of the experimental results about the thickness dependence of the observability and quality of the image in the case of the transmission SEM.

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